Yintoni iPensheni kwaye Ufumana njani enye?

Izimpesheni zibonelela ngemali engenayo yomhlalaphantsi. Nantsi indlela asebenza ngayo.

Umhlala-phantsi luhlobo lwesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi obonelela ngeniso yenyanga ngenyanga. Akubona bonke abaqeshi banikeza ipenshini. Imibutho kaRhulumente ihlala isinika ipensheni, kwaye ezinye iinkampani ezinkulu ziyabanika.

Ngesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi, umqeshi unika imali kwisicwangciso somhlala-phantsi ngelixa usebenza. Imali iya kuhlawulwa kuwe, ngokuqhelekileyo njengetsheksi yenyanga emva kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, emva kokufikelela kwiminyaka ethile yomhlalaphantsi.

I-formula ibonisa ukuba ingeniso yomhlala-phantsi oyifumanayo emva kokuba uthathe umhlalaphantsi.

I-formula yokusetyenziswa kwempesheni isekelwe kudibaniso lwezi zilandelayo:

• Iminyaka yakho yenkonzo kunye nenkampani enika ipensheni
• Iminyaka yakho
• Imbuyekezo yakho

Umzekelo, isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi sinokunikela ngenzuzo yenyanga yomhlala-phantsi eyenza i-50% yembuyekezo yakho (njengoko kulinganiswa ngokuthatha umyinge wakho wokuhlawula iminyaka yakho yokugqibela emithathu yenkonzo) ukuba uthatha umhlalaphantsi kwiminyaka yobudala engama-55 kwaye ubuncinane ubuncinane iminyaka elishumi inkonzo. Ngaloo mpesheni, xa usebenza ixesha elide kwaye uthatha umhlalaphantsi kwiminyaka yobudala engama-65 kwaye uneminyaka engamashumi amathathu enkonzo, umhlala-phantsi ungabonelela ngenzuzo yomhlala-phantsi ebeka endaweni engu-85% yembuyekezo yakho. Iminyaka emininzi ithetha imali ethe xaxa.

Izicwangciso zempesheni kufuneka zilandele imigaqo ethile echazwe yiSebe lezeMisebenzi. Le mithetho ichaza ukuba inkampani kufuneka ibeke umnyaka ngamnye kwi-fund ye-investment fund ukwenzela ukuba inokukwazi ukubonelela ngenani lempesheni echaziweyo kwixesha elizayo.

Iingeniso zakho zempesheni ziya kuxhomekeka kwishedyuli yokubophezela ebonisa ukuba uza kufumana kangakanani ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ungakanani ixesha elide neenkampani. Ngokomzekelo, kufuneka usebenzele umqeshi ubuncinci kwiminyaka emihlanu ngaphambi kokuba ufanele ukufumana ipensheni. Inkampani yakho inquma kwangaphambili ukuba le shedyuli iya kuba yintoni, ngoko jonga umntu onobuncedo ukuze ufumane ixesha elide usebenze khona ukuze ufumane inzuzo.

(Qaphela: Nayiphi na imali oyifake ngokuzithandela isoloko inikwe ngokukhawuleza.)

Imirhumo kwiPensheni

Uninzi lweenzuzo zomhlalaphantsi zihlawulwa. Xa uqala ukuthatha ingeniso yempesheni, kuya kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba kufuneka uhlawule irhafu kwi- pension yakho. Ukuba imali yentela emva kwentlawulo yenze igalelo kumhlala-phantsi, inxalenye ingahlawulwa irhafu. Ngamanye amaxesha kunye neepenshini ezihlawulwa ngenxa yokukhubazeka, inxalenye yesibonelelo ingahlawulwa irhafu. Ezi ziimeko zentela, nangona kunjalo, zilinganiselwe. Kungcono ukuba uceba ukuhlawula irhafu kwiphina ingeniso yempesheni oyifumanayo.

Isicwangciso somhlala-phantsi singasuswa?

Ukuba umqeshi wakho unika ipenshoni, banokugqiba isigqibo sokuyiyeka. Kwimeko enjalo inzuzo yakho eyongeziweyo ihlala iqanda; intsingiselo uya kufumana nantoni na oyenayo kuze kube yile ngongoma, kodwa awukwazi ukuqokelela nayiphi na enye ingeniso yempesheni.

Kwezinye iimeko, izicwangciso zempesheni zalawulwa kakubi kwaye zazingakwazi ukuhlawula zonke izibonelelo ezithembisiwe. Ukuba iplani yempesheni yayilungu le-Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) ngoko kwimeko, ezinye iinzuzo zikhuselwe kubachaphazelekayo abathathi-nxaxheba .

Kuthekani ukuba umqeshi wam unganikeli ipensheni?

Inzuzo yesicwangciso somhlala-phantsi inikeza ngeniso eqinisekileyo.

Ngelishwa, iinkampani ezininzi ziyeke ukunikela izicwangciso zempesheni. Oku kuthetha umthwalo wokulondoloza umhlalaphantsi uwela kuwe. Kufuneka ufumane indlela yokugcina ngokwaneleyo ukudala yakho imali engenayo yempesheni kwimhlala-phantsi.

Uninzi lwezicwangciso zempesheni ziye zatshintshwa ngu-401 (k) izicwangciso ezinikezela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhetha utsalo-mali. Uninzi lwama-401 (k) izicwangciso alinikanga indlela yokutshala imali into enika imali engenayo, nangona kunjalo, imithetho emitsha iye yavumela into ebizwa ngokuba yi- contracting annuity contract (QLAC) engaphantsi kwe-401 (k) izicwangciso. Ii-QLAC zinokubonelela ngeniso eliqinisekileyo kuwe ngomhlalaphantsi. Ukuba inkampani yakho inikeza olu khetho unako ukutyalomali kuyo ukuze ufumane inzuzo eqinisekileyo yakho yomhlalaphantsi.

Ukwenza iholo lakho lomhlala-phantsi elizayo uza kufuneka wenze izinto eziliqela:

• Mbonise ukuba ungakanani ugalelo kwi- 401 yakho (k) icebo ukuba inkampani yakho inikezela enye.

• Nika inani eliphezulu kwi-IRA minyaka yonke.
• Funda malunga nezinye iindlela zokutshala imali ezibonelela ngemithombo ezayo yengeniso .

Enye enye indlela ukhetha ukufumana ipensheni ngokufumana umqeshi onika omnye.