Ziziphi iimali-mboleko ezisebenzayo
Imali mboleko yivumelwano evumela ukuba umntu obolekayo asebenzise umhlaba njengesiqinisekiso sokufumana umboleko.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, eli gama libhekiselele kwimboleko yemali: Xa uboleka ukuthenga indlu, usayine isivumelwano esithi umboleki wakho unelungelo lokuthatha isenzo xa ungenzi iintlawulo zakho ezifunwayo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ibhanki inokuthabatha indawo kwi-foreclosure- kukunyanzelisa ukuba uphume ukuze bakwazi ukuthengisa ikhaya.
Imali yokuthengisa iya kusetyenziswa ukuhlawula nayiphi na ityala olihlawulwayo kwipropati.
I-Mortgage Isivumelwano:
Amagama athi "umboleko" kunye "nomboleko wesikolo" ahlala esetyenziswa ngokuthe tye. Ngokwenene, i-mortgage yisivumelwano esenza ukuba imali yakho yekhaya ihlawulwe - kungekhona imboleko ngokwayo. Ukuthengiselana kwezindlu, iimvumelwano kufuneka zibhaliswe ngokubhaliweyo, kwaye imali yokubolekwa ngemali ngumqulu (phakathi kwezinye izinto) unikeza umnini-mboleko wakho ilungelo lokwenza kwangaphambili indlu yakho.
Ama-Mortgage enza ukuba kufikeleleke ukuthenga
Ixabiso elibi libiza. Uninzi lwabantu abanakho imali eyaneleyo yokulondoloza ikhaya, ngoko ke bahlawula ipesenti ezingama-20 okanye njalo baboleka abanye. Oku kushiya imfuno yamakhulu amawaka eedola kwiimarike ezininzi. Amabhanki azimisele kuphela ukukunika loo mali xa benendlela yokunciphisa ingozi.
Khuselekile kwiibhanki: Amabhanki ayazikhusela ngokufuna ukuba usebenzise ipropathi oyithengayo . Ukuze wenze njalo, "uthembise" loo ndawo njengesiqwenga, kwaye isibambiso sakho "sibophezele." Kupapashwe kakuhle kwesivumelwano sakho, ibhanki ithola imvume yokubeka ikhonkco ekhaya lakho ukuze bakwazi ukubeka ingqungquthela xa kufuneka.
Iimali ezingenakuthengiswayo:
Abboleki nabo bafumana inzuzo ngaphandle kweli lungiselelo. Ngokuncedisa umboleki-mali ukunciphisa umngcipheko, umbolekayo ukhokhela inzala engaphantsi. Ama-Mortgages aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa ngabathengi (ngabanye kunye neentsapho), kodwa amashishini kunye neminye imibutho inokuthengwa kwakhona nepropati.
Iintlobo zeeNgxowa-mali
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemali, kwaye ukuqonda isigama esinokukunceda ukhethe imboleko efanelekileyo kwimeko yakho (kwaye ugweme ukuhla endleleni engafanelekanga).
Kwakhona, ukuba ufuna ukuba ngumtshini, sithetha ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemali-mboleko - kungekho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemali-mboleko (kuba imali yokuboleka imali yinto nje ithi bangakwazi ukubeka ingqalelo xa beyeka ukuhlawula).
Imali-mboleko ye-Fixed-rates iyindlela elula kakhulu yokuboleka imali. Uya kwenza inkokhelo efanayo yexesha lonke le mboleko (ngaphandle kokuba uhlawule ngaphezu kokufunekayo, oku kukunceda ulahlekise ityala ngokukhawuleza). Iimali zokuhlala ezihlawulwa ngokukhawuleza zihlala iminyaka engama-30 okanye eyi-15, nangona ezinye iilwimi ezingabonakaliyo. Imathematika kule mboleko ilula kakhulu: Ukunikezelwa kwemali-mboleko, inzala , kunye neminyaka embalwa ukubuyisela mboleko, umboleki wakho ubala inkokhelo yenyanga nganye.
Iimali-mboleko ezilinganiselwe zilula kangangokuthi unako ukubala iintlawulo zemboleko kunye neprogram yokuzibophezela ngokwakho (ama- spreadsheets kunye neempendulo ze-intanethi zenza kube lula). Ezi zibalo zinomsebenzi obalulekileyo ukukunceda uqhathanise nabathengisi kwaye unqume ukuba yiyiphi imboleko oyisebenzisayo. Unokumangaliswa ukubona ukuba i-mboleko yexesha elide likhokelela njani kwiindleko eziphezulu ngaphezu kwemali yemboleko yakho - ngokufanelekileyo ukwenza ikhaya libize ngakumbi kunokuba limele libe libi.
Imilinganiselo yee-mortgages ezilungisiweyo zifana neemali-mboleko eziqhelekileyo, kodwa inzala inokutshintsha ngexesha elithile.
Xa oko kwenzeka, inkokhelo yakho yenyanga ibuye ishintshe - ukuba ibe bhetele okanye yimbi (ukuba inzala yenzalo iya kunyuka, intlawulo yakho iya kwanda, kodwa ukuba amaxabiso awela, ungabona iintlawulo eziphantsi ezifunekayo ngenyanga).
IiRhafu ziya kutshintsha emva kweminyaka emininzi, kwaye kukho imida ethile malunga nokuba izinga lingahamba njani. Le mboleko ingaba yingozi ngenxa yokuba awukwazi ukuba intlawulo yakho yenyanga iya kuba yiminyaka eyi-10 (okanye ukuba uya kukwazi ukuyifumana).
Imali-mboleko yesibini , eyaziwayo njengemali-mboleko yemali yasekhaya, ayifuni ukuthenga indlu-bayayimboleka kwipropati osukho. Ukwenza njalo, uya kwongeza enye imali (xa ikhaya lakho lihlawulwa, ubeka entsha, yokuqala, mboleko ekhaya). Isondlo sakho sesibini semali mboleko ngokuqhelekileyo "kwisikhundla sesibini," oku kuthetha ukuba ihlawulwa kuphela ukuba kukho imali esele yashiywe emva kokuba umnini-mboleko wokuqala ehlawulwa. Ngezinye izihlandlo zokubanjiswa kwemali ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa ukuhlawula ukuphucula ikhaya kunye nemfundo ephakamileyo. Kwiinkathazo zezemali , le mboleko yayisetyenziselwa ukuba "ikhuphe" i- home equity .
Ukubuyiswa kwemali yesondlo kunika ingeniso kubanikazi bezindlu (ngokugqithiseleyo abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-62) abanobulungisa obukhulu emakhaya abo. Abanye abahlala kumhlala-phantsi basebenzisa imboleko yokubuyisela imali ukuze bafumane imali engenayo okanye bafumane imali engabikho kwemali abaye bahlawula yona eyadala. Ngaphandle kwemali mboleko, awuyikuhlawula umbolekisi-umboleki-mali uya kukuhlawulela - kodwa ezi mboleko azihlali zilungile njengoko zivakalayo .
Inzala kuphela yemali-mboleko ikuvumela ukuba uhlawule kuphela iindleko zomdla kwi-mboleko yakho ngenyanga. Ngenxa yoko, uya kuba nentlawulo encinci yenyanga nganye (kuba awubuyiseli nayiphi na ibhalansi yakho yemali mboleko). Impendulo kukuba awuhlawuli phantsi amatyala kunye nokwakha ubulungisa ekhaya lakho , kwaye uya kufuneka uhlawule loo matyala ngelinye ilanga. Le mboleko ingenangqiqo kwiimeko ezithile zexesha elifutshane, kodwa akuyona eyona ndlela ingcono kunazo zonke abanini bezindlu abanethemba lokwakha ubutyebi.
Iimali-mboleko zebhaluni zifuna ukuba uhlawule ngokukodwa imali ehlawulwa ngayo "enkulu ibhaluni" . Esikhundleni sokwenza inkokhelo efanayo kwi-15 okanye kwiminyaka engama-30, kuya kufuneka wenze inkokhelo enkulu ekupheliseni ityala (emva kweminyaka emihlanu ukuya kweyisixhenxe, umzekelo).
Ezi mboleko zisebenza ngokuxhaswa kwexesha elifutshane, kodwa kuyingozi ukucinga ukuba uya kufumana iimali ozifunayo xa kuhlawulwa ibhaluni.
Ukuhlawulwa kwemali mboleko kukuvumela ukuba utshintshe imali enye yomnye umntu xa ufumana into engcono. Xa uhlaziya i-mortgage, ufumana imali entsha yokuboleka imali ehlawula umboleko omdala. Le nkqubo ingaba yindleko ngenxa yeendleko zokuvala, kodwa inokuhlawula ixesha elide ukuba ufumana amanani ukukhawulela ngokuchanekileyo . Imali-mboleko ayifuni ukuba yinto efanayo. Ngokomzekelo, unokufumana umboleko olinganiselweyo wokuhlawula umyinge wemali.
Indlela yokufumana iMboleko yaseKhaya
Ukuboleka imali, kuya kufuneka ufake isicelo semboleko. Imali-mboleko yasekhaya idinga amaxwebhu amaninzi kunezinye iintlobo zemali-mboleko (njengemali-mboleko yemoto okanye iimali-mboleko zomntu siqu), ngoko ulungiselele inkqubo ende.
Imboleko kunye neNgeniso:
Njengokuba kukho imali ebolekisiweyo, i-credit yakho kunye nengeniso yimiba ephambili enquma ukuba ngaba uya kuvunywa okanye awuyi kuvunywa. Ngaphambi kokuba ufake isicelo semali mboleko yasekhaya, khangela ityala lakho ukujonga ukuba kukho nayiphi na imiba enokubangela iingxaki (kwaye uzilungise ukuba ziphosakele kuphela). Ukuhlawulwa kwexesha elide, izigwebo kunye neminye imiba kunokubangela ukuba isicelo sakho singanqatshwanga - okanye uza kufumana inzala ephezulu, oku kuthetha ukuba uya kuhlawula ngaphezu kwemboleko yakho.
Imiqulu kunye nemiqathango:
Ababolekisi bafuneka ukuba baqinisekise ukuba unemali eyaneleyo yokubuyisela nayiphi na imali ebolekayo. Ngenxa yoko, kuya kufuneka unikezele ubungqina bemali engenayo (fumana ifom yakho W-2, ukubuya kwakho kwerhafu yakutshanje, kunye namanye amaxwebhu asebenzayo ukuze ukwazi ukuzithoba kubo).
Amatyala kwiRatio yeNgeniso:
Ababolekisi baya kujonga amatyala akho akhona ukuqinisekisa ukuba unemali engenayo eyaneleyo yokuhlawula zonke iimali-mboleko zakho - kubandakanywa entsha. Ukwenza njalo, babala ityala kwinani lemali engenayo , elibaxelela ukuba ingeniso yakho yenyanga ifunyanwa yintlawulo yenyanga.
Ingxowa kwixabiso lexabiso:
Nangona kunokwenzeka ukuthenga ngokuncinci kakhulu, amathuba akho okuvunywa angcono xa wenza inkokhelo enkulu. Ababolekisi babala imali - mboleko ukuba baxabise umlinganiselo , obonisa ukuba uboleka kangakanani xa kuthelekiswa nokulinganiswa kwepropati. Ngaphantsi kokuba uboleka, umngcipheko ophantsi kumboleki wakho (kuba banokuthengisa ngokukhawuleza impahla kunye nokubuyisela yonke imali yabo).
Ukuqinisekiswa:
Kungcono ukwazi ukuba ungakanani ukuboleka ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuyothenga izindlu (okanye iimali-mboleko). Enye indlela yokwenza oko kukufumana ubungqinisiso ngumboleki. Le yinkqubo yokuqala apho ababolekisi bavavanya ulwazi lwakho lwekhredithi kunye nengeniso yakho. Ngaloo ngcaciso, banokukunika inani elininzi lokubolekisa ngemali mboleko ukuba bavumelekile. Oku akuthethi ukuba uthe wamukelwa - ingakumbi kungekhona kwipropati ethile-kodwa kukunceda ulwazi, kunye neleta yokupropathi inokukunceda ukuqinisa isipho sakho. Xa usuphantsi kwesivumelwano, ababolekisi baya kuthatha ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo kwinto yonke kwaye bakhuphe imvume yokusemthethweni (okanye ukukhishwa).
Ingakanani Umboleko:
Ababoleki banokukuxelela njalo ukuba ungabakholeka kangakanani, kodwa abaxubusha ukuba ufanele "ukuboleka" kangakanani. Uxanduva luwela kuwe ukuba unqume ukuba ungayichitha imali engakanani indlu, luhlobo luni lomboleko omele ulisebenzise, kwaye lukhulu kangakanani inkokhelo efunayo (echaphazela umboleko wakho ukuba uxabise umlinganiselo ). Zonke ezo zinto zichonga ukuba uza kuhlawula phi inyanga, kwaye unomdla onjani oya kuhlawula ngobomi bemboleko yakho (imali encinci yemali mboleko inokukhokelela iintlawulo ezincinci zenyanga kunye neentlawulo ezincinci zenzalo). Kusemngciphekweni ukuboleka inani eliphezulu elikhoyo, ingakumbi ukuba ukhetha ukuba "ne-cushion" kwibhajethi yakho yenyanga.
Kuphi ukuboleka
Imali-mboleko yasekhaya iyafumaneka kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo. Fumana izicaphuno ukususela ubuncinane abathathu ababolekisi abahlukeneyo, kwaye ukhethe okusebenza kakuhle kuwe.
Ababolekisi bemali mboleko banikela ngemali mboleko kubanini- mali abaninzi. Banako ukufikelela kwiimali ezivela kwiibhanki ezininzi kunye neminye imithombo yokuxhaswa ngemali, kwaye ziya kukunceda ukhethe umboleko-mali ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba lomdla kunye nezinye iimpawu. Abathengi bemali mboleko bangahlawulisa intlawulo yemvelaphi oyihlawulayo, okanye ingahlawulwa ngumboleki (okanye ukuhlanganiswa kokubini). Ukuba awukwazi nabathengi bempahla, buza ummeli wakho wezindlu okanye abanye abantu oba thembayo ngeengcebiso.
Amabhanki kunye neemanyano zemboleko zinikezela ngemboleko kubathengi. Imali ekuqwalaseleni i-akhawunti kunye nokugcinwa kwe-akhawunti kufuneka ityalwe, kwaye ukuboleka imali imali enye enye indlela yokutshala imali . La maziko afumana imali kwiimali zokuqala, inzala kunye nezinye iindleko zokuvala.
Ababolekisi be-intanethi bangaxhaswa ngemali mboleko ngokwabo (usebenzisa imali-mali-mali, umzekelo), okanye banokusebenza njengabathengi bemali. Ezi nkonzo zilungelekile kuba unako ukuphatha yonke into, kwaye unako ukufumana amacaphuno ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwangoko.
Umboleki ngamnye kufuneka akubonelele nge- Estimance Loan , enokukunceda uqhathanise iindleko zokuboleka kubaboleki abahlukeneyo. Funda ngamaphepha ngokucophelela, kwaye ubuze imibuzo uze uqonde yonke into oyibonayo. I-CFPB ichaza amacandelo ambalwa eNgxowa-mali yokuLungisa ukukunceda ukuqonda iimpawu zemboleko yakho.
Inkqubo yeMboleko
Kungenzeka ukuba ufumane uncedo ngemboleko yakho usebenzisa iinkqubo zemboleko kwiinkonzo zikaRhulumente kunye nemibutho yasekuhlaleni. Ezi nkqubo zenza kube lula ukufumana imvume, kwaye ezinye zinika izikhuthazo zokudala ukwenza ubunikazi bomakhaya bufikeleleke kwaye bukhangele. Ukongezelela ekuthengeni indlu, kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlaziywe kunye nale nkqubo (nangona unetyala elingaphezu kwekhaya lakho lifanelekileyo ).
Iiprogram zemboleko zikaRhulumente ziphakathi kwezona zikhulu kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, umboleki-bucala (njengebhanki) unikeza inkxaso-mali, kwaye urhulumente wesibhambathiso uthembisa ukubuyisela umboleko xa ungeke wenze njalo. Kukho iintlobo zeenkqubo, kwaye ezinye zezona zidumileyo zibhalwe ngezantsi.
FHA Imali:
Imali eqinisekisiwe yi-Federal Housing Administration (FHA) ithandwa ngabantu abakubuyisela ekhaya abafuna ukwenza intlawulo encinci. Kunokwenzeka ukuthenga kunye ne-3.5% ephantsi, kwaye kulula ukuba bakwazi ukufumana (ukuba awunayo i-credit epheleleyo, umzekelo). Funda kabanzi malunga nemali-mboleko ye-FHA .
VA Imali:
Amanqwanqwa, abaSebenzi kunye nabafazi abafanelekileyo banokuthenga ikhaya elinomboleko oqinisekisiwe yiSebe leMagxarha (VA). Ezi mboleko zivumela ukuba ubolekise ngaphandle kwemfuneko yomshuwalense wokubolekwa ngemali kwaye akukho ntlawulo yokuhlawula (kwezinye iimeko). Unokuboleka ngekhredithi engaphantsi-epheleleyo, iindleko zokuvala zilinganiselwe, kwaye umboleko ungahlawulwa (ukuvumela omnye umntu ukuba athathe iintlawulo ukuba zifanelekile).
Iiprogram zangaphambili ze-homebuyer iinkqubo zenza kube lula ukuhlala kwikhaya lakho lokuqala , kodwa ziza kunye nezikhonkwane eziqhotyoshelweyo. Amaxesha amaninzi aphuhliswe oorhulumente bendawo kunye nemibutho engenzi nzuzo, ezi nkqubo zinokukunceda ukuhlawula iintlawulo, ukuvunywa, iirhafu, kunye nokunye. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukufumana (kwaye bafaneleke), kwaye banokulinganisela ukuba unokuzuza ntoni xa uthengisa ikhaya lakho.
Iindlela ezine zokugcina imali
Imali-mboleko yasekhaya iyabiza, ngoko ukusindisa ncinane (ngokwepesenti yemigaqo) kunokukhokelela kumakhulu okanye kumawaka eedola ekulondolozeni.
1. Zithenga ngeenxa zonke
Kwakhona, kubalulekile ukufumana ubuncinci abathathu ababolekisi abahlukeneyo-ngokukhethekileyo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zabathengi (umthengisi wemboleko, umboleki we-intanethi kunye nombambiswano wakho wesikweletu, umzekelo). Wonke umntu unamaxabiso ahlukeneyo, kwaye uya kufunda ezininzi kwinkqubo.
2. Jonga iNqanaba
Mboleko yakho enkulu (nangaphezulu), ngaphezulu kwezinga lakho lemilinganiselo. Uhlawula umrhumo kwimali-mboleko yemali emva konyaka, kwaye ezo ndleko zenzalo zingama-makumi ezama-dollar. Ngamanye amaxesha kunengqiqo ukuhlawula phambili phambili - nokuba uthengise "amaphuzu" kwimali-mboleko yakho - ukuba ungayifaka izinga eliphantsi kwexesha elide.
3. Qaphela ingqalelo kwiNtshuwalense yeMboleko
Ukuba ubeka phantsi kweepesenti ezingama-20, kuya kufuneka ukuba ukhokhe i-inshurensi yokubolekisa. Le nshurensi ayiyiyo inzuzo yakho-inokukhusela umboleki-mali xa unqanda ukwenza iintlawulo kwaye abanako ukufumana imali yabo - ngoko kukulungele ukuphepha le ntlawulo. Hlola iindlela ezizezinye zokufumana iipesenti ezingama-20, kwaye ufumene indlela yokususa i-inshurensi yemali-mboleko ngokukhawuleza. Ngeemali-mboleko, njengemali-mboleko ye-FHA, awukwazi ukukrazula loo ndleko ngaphandle kokuba uhlaziywe.
4. Ukulawula iindleko zokuvala
Xa ufumana i-mboleko yasekhaya, kuya kufuneka uhlawule iindleko ezininzi. Kukho iintlawulo zesicelo, iifizi zokuhlawula ngetyala, iimali zokuqala, iindleko zokuhlola , kunye nokunye. Abanye ababolekisi bahlawula iindleko eziphezulu nangaphantsi, kodwa uhlala uhlawula enye indlela. Qaphela "akukho mali yokuvala" mboleko ngaphandle kokuba uqinisekile ukuba uya kuba sekhaya ixesha elifutshane.