Isicwangciso sokwabelana ngenzuzo luhlobo lwesicwangciso sogalelo esichaziweyo esivumela iinkampani ukuba zancedise abasebenzi ukuba basindise umhlalaphantsi. Ngesicwangciso sokwabelana ngenzuzo, iminikelo evela kumqeshi iyakwazi ukuqonda. Oko kuthetha ukuba inkampani inokugqiba isigqibo sonyaka unyaka kangakanani ukuba inxaxheba (okanye nokuba ingenelela kuyo yonke) kwisicwangciso somqeshwa. Ukuba inkampani ayinayo inzuzo, akufuneki ukuba negalelo kwisicwangciso.
(Kodwa inkampani ayifuni ukuba inenzuzo yokufumana isicwangciso-sabelo sokwabelana ngenzuzo.) Ukuguquguquka kwemvelo kwenza ukuba kube lula ukhetho lomhlala-phantsi kumashishini amancinci okanye kumashishini kwanoma yibuphi ubukhulu. Kananjalo idibanisa uphuhliso lwemali lwabasebenzi kwinkqubela yeenkampani.
Igalelo lokwabelana ngeSicwangciso soMrhumo omkhulu
Nangona kungekho mali esetyenzisiweyo ekufuneka ibe negalelo kwisicwangciso sokwabelana ngenzuzo ngamnye ngonyaka, kukho inani elincinci elinokubangela inxaxheba kwiplani yokwabelana ngenzuzo kumqeshwa ngamnye. Isixa sitshintshana ngokwexesha kunye nexabiso lentengo. Isixa esiphezulu semali yesicwangciso sokwabelana ngenzuzo singaphantsi kwe-100% yembuyekezo okanye i-54,000 zamawaka ngo-2017. Okongeziweyo, inani lembuyekezo yakho enokuthi ithathelwe ingqwalasela xa kuqwalaselwa umqeshi kunye negalelo lomqeshwa lilinganiselwe. Imbuyekezo yokunciphisa i-$ 270,000 ngo-2017.
Yeka indlela yokuSebenzelana kweNkqubo yokuSebenza
Ngokungafani no- 401 (k) abathathi-nxaxheba, abaqeshwa abanezicwangciso zokwabelana ngenzuzo abazenzile zabo igalelo.
Kodwa inkampani ingaba nezinye iintlobo zezicwangciso zomhlala-phantsi, njenge-401 (k), kunye nesicwangciso sokwabelana ngenzuzo. Abasebenzi banokufumana izabelo zabo zentengo ngendlela yemali okanye i-stock stock. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iminikelo yenziwe kwi -akhawunti yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi efunyenwe yerhafu evumelekileyo evumela umrhumo ongenaso isohlwayo emva kweminyaka yobudala 59 1/2.
Ezinye izicwangciso zinikeza inhlanganisela yeenzuzo ezichasiweyo kunye nekheshi, kunye nokwabiwa kwemali kunye nokuhlawulwa irhafu ngokuthe ngqo kwizinga eliqhelekileyo lokufumana ingeniso (uhlobo olufana negalelo lomhlalaphantsi kunye nebhonasi yonyaka). Ukuba ushiya inkampani, unokuhambisa ifom yefom yesicwangciso-sabelo sokwabelana ngenzuzo kwi-Rollover IRA. Izabelo ezithathwe ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala 59 1/2 zingangeniswa kwisigwebo se-10%. Ngethuba usebenze, umqeshwa unokukwazi ukufumana imali mboleko kwisicwangciso-sabelo sokwabelana ngenzuzo.
Ngubani owenza ntoni kwiSicwangciso soNcedo soNcedo
Abaqeshwa ngokwenene akudingeki benze nantoni na ukuba bazuze kulolu hlobo lwesicwangciso, kodwa inkampani kufuneka ibenze izibalo, ukucwangcisa kunye nemaphepha.
Ukuba umqeshi uthatha isigqibo sokwenza inxaxheba yokwabelana ngenzuzo kunyaka owenziwe, inkampani kufuneka ilandele ifom ye-pre-determined for deciding which workers get what and how much. Ulwabiwo lomsebenzi lubekwe njengepesenti yomvuzo. Iminikelo ingaphinda ivelise ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokwemiselo yesetyenzisiweyo .
Umqeshi kufuneka kwakhona aqalise inkqubo elandelela umrhumo, utyalo-mali, ukwabiwa, kunye nokunye, kwaye ufaka ingxelo yokubuya ngonyaka kunye noorhulumente. Ezi zicwangciso zingadinga ulungelelwano olufanelekileyo lolawulo (kodwa abaninzi abalawuli becwangciso baya kwenza lo msebenzi kummandla wenkampani).
Iinkonzo kunye neNgeniso yeZicwangciso zokuXhunywa kweNzuzo
Ukuba umqeshi ubeka isicwangciso-sabelo sokwabelana ngenzuzo banokukhetha ukugcina ezinye izicwangciso zomhlalaphantsi. Akukho mfuneko yobukhulu beenkampani kunye nabaqeshi akudingeki bakhathazeke malunga nokufakela iFom 5500 ngonyaka. Isicwangciso-sabelo sokwenza inzuzo sinokucwangciswa ukuba silula okanye sincinci njengoko umqeshi enqwenela. Kuyakwazi ukuthenga isicwangciso sokubelana ngenzuzo esaphambi kokuvunywa kwangaphambili kwisicwangciso seprotirement benefit benefits okanye isikhungo sezemali ukukunciphisa umthwalo wolawulo lo msebenzi.
Iintlawulo zenziwe ngokubaluleka kwaye oku kuguquguquka kuyinkalo ekhangayo yezicwangciso zokwabelana ngenzuzo. Oku kuguquguquka kwenza izicwangciso zokwabelana ngenzuzo zikhethwa kakuhle xa ukuhamba kwemali kuyinkinga. Enye into engaphaya kwayo kukuba iindleko zokulawula zinomgangatho wokuba ziphakamileyo kunamalungiselelo angundoqo (i-SEP okanye i-SIMPLE IRA izicwangciso).
Enye imfuno yolawulo yimfuneko yokuvavanya ukuba inzuzo ayicalucaluli ngenxa yabasebenzi abahlawulwa kakhulu.
Izicwangciso zokwabelana ngenzuzo zivumela umrhumo womqeshi kuphela. Kwimeko apho umgangatho wokumisa umvuzo wongezwa kwisicwangciso sokwabelana ngenzuzo, kuya kuthiwa ichazwe ngokuthi " 401 (k) isicwangciso ."
Umxholo kule ndawo unikezelwa ngolwazi kunye neenjongo zokuxoxa kuphela. Akuhloswe ukuba yingcebiso ngezezimali kwaye akufanele kube yedwa isiseko sotyalo-mali lwakho okanye izigqibo zokucwangcisa irhafu. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.
Ukuhlaziywa nguScott Spann