Ukujonga ngokubanzi iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zezicwangciso zomhlalaphantsi
Ukufunda malunga nendlela yokucwangcisa umhlalaphantsi akufuneki uzive nje ukufunda olunye ulwimi. Izicwangciso zilula ukuqonda kunokucinga kwakho, ukuba uyazi izinto ezisisiseko. Qala ngee-akhawunti ezibalulekileyo zomhlalaphantsi.
01 IiNgxelo zomhlala phantsi ngamnye
IRA yi-akhawunti yokutyalomali. Xa imali ifakwe ngaphakathi, unako ukutyalo kwiimpahla , iibhondi , iimali ezihlangeneyo , ii-ETF , kunye nezinye iintlobo zotyalo-mali. Ungathengisa kwaye uthengise imali-mali kwi-IRA, kodwa ukuba uzama ukukwenzela imali yonke ngaphambi kokuhlala umhlala-phantsi kwi-59 ½ (eyaziwa njengokuhanjiswa kwangaphambili), uya kuhlawula umrhumo werhafu we-10 kwaye unakho ukuxhomekeka kwintlangano, kunye neerhafu zengeniso.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa malunga nemida yegalelo ye-IRA yonyaka werhafu ka-2018, jonga esi sixhobo .
02 Roth IRAs
Ngokungafani ne-IRA rhoqo, igalelo leRoth IRA lenziwe emva kwentela, kodwa nayiphi na imali eyenziweyo ngaphakathi kwiRoth ayihlawulwanga kwakhona. Inxalenye engcono kakhulu: unokutsala ukurhoxisa iminikelo oyenzile kwiRoth IRA ngaphambi kokuhlala umhlalaphantsi ngaphandle kwezohlwayo. Ukuba uqala nje kwaye ucinge ukuba ingeniso yakho iya kukhula, ukubeka imali eRoth yindawo enkulu yokutshala imali eyongezelelweyo-ngelixa uzinika lakho ixesha elizayo ukuhlawula irhafu.
03 401 (k) Izicwangciso
I-401 (k) i-akhawunti yomhlalaphantsi yomsebenzi, enikezelwa njengenzuzo yomqeshwa. Le akhawunti ikuvumela ukuba uncedise isahlulo sakho sokuhlawula kwentlawulo ngaphambi kokuhlawula irhafu kwi-akhawunti yokutsalwa kweerhafu.
Enye yeenzuzo zokunikela ngemali yentlawulo engekahlawulwa yintlawulo yeyona ntlawulo iyancipha ixabiso lemali yentlawulo yakho isekelwe kuyo (Ukuba ufumana i-$ 75,000 kwaye unikele i-$ 10,000, uhlawuliswa kwi-engenayo ye-$ 65,000). Ngaphezulu, kwi-401 (k), inzuzo yokutshala imali ityala irhafu echazwe kude kube ngumhlalaphantsi. Ukuba uhoxisa imali kwi-plan phambi kokuhlala umhlalaphantsi, unokuhlawula isigwebo se-10 kunye ne-federal, mhlawumbi neentlawulo zerhafu neendawo zendawo . Nangona kunjalo, abanye abaqeshi banikela nge- 401 (k) mboleko .
Abaqeshi abaninzi baya kufanisa umrhumo wabasebenzi kwi-401 (k) , ngokuqhelekileyo ukuya kuma-6 ekhulwini (nangona " inokuthi " ifikelele kwimali epheleleyo kwixesha leminyaka). Ukuba awuncedisi kumdlalo wenkampani, unokuthi ungawunaki umvuzo omkhulu womqeshwa.
Ukutshintshwa kwolu hlobo lwe-akhawunti kubandakanya i- 403 (b) , i-akhawunti efanayo enikwe ootitshala nabasebenzi abangenzi nzuzo; kunye ne- 457 (b) isicwangciso , esinikwa kubasebenzi bakaRhulumente.
04 Roth 401 (k)
I- Roth 401 (k) idibanisa iinkalo zeRoth IRA kunye ne-401 (k) . Luhlobo lweakhawunti ezinikezwa ngabaqeshi (kwaye ngenxa yokuba yintsha, akubona bonke abaqeshi abawanikezelayo), kodwa iminikelo evela kwi-paycheck yakho emva kokuhlawula irhafu. Ukuba imimiselo ethile idibeneyo, igalelo kunye nemali engenayo kwiRoth ayihlawulwanga kwakhona.
05 I-SIMPLE IRA
Ngenye indlela eyaziwa ngokuba ngumlinganiso wokuKhuthaza ukuThumela abasebenzi kwi-IRA, i-SIMPLE IRA yiplani yomhlala phantsi iinkampani ezincinci zingabanika abasebenzi. Ukuba unayo i- SIMPLE IRA , uyazi ukuba isebenza kakhulu njengama-401 (k). Iintlawulo zenziwe ngokurhoxiswa kwekhekhe lokuhlawula irhafu, kwaye imali ikhula irhafu ichithwe kude kube ngumhlalaphantsi.
06 SEP IRA
Ukuba usebenza ngokuzimeleyo kwaye akukho mntu usebenzayo, i-SEP IRA iya kukuvumela ukuba uncedise inxalenye yengeniso yakho kwi-akhawunti yakho yomhlalaphantsi , kwaye uyabakhuphe ngokupheleleyo kwiintlawulo zakho zerhafu. Umlinganiselo ophezulu wenkxaso yonyaka uphakamileyo kunamanye amaninzi akwi-akhawunti yomhlala-phantsi.
Njengoko ukhula kumsebenzi wakho, unokuqokelela izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo zomhlalaphantsi uze uphele kunye okanye ngaphezulu okanye nganye kwezi zicwangciso. Ngokomzekelo, i-Rollover IRA ngumhlobo weakhawunti ekuvumela ukuba udibanise 401 (k) iakhawunti evela kwabasebeqeshi zangaphambili. Unokuguqula kwakhona i-401 (k) okanye i-IRA e-Roth IRA , uhlawule irhafu namhlanje kwaye ungalokothi uyihlawule.
Xa uqala ukugcina umhlalaphantsi, umqeshi wama-401 (k) ngowokuqala ukuguqula ukukhula okuhlawulwa kwentela , kodwa iRoth IRA nayo yindawo enhle yokukhupha imali eyongezelelweyo oyigcina umhlala phantsi okanye ezinye iimbasa zobomi. Khumbula ukuba iminikelo eyenziwe kwi-Roth IRA iyakhutshwa ngaphandle kokuhlawulwa ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi, kwaye ayiyi kuhlawulwa irhafu emva kokuhoxiswa. Yingakho i- 401 (k) kunye neRoth IRA yintlangano efanelekileyo .