Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezeMali zeChina kunika amandla ozayo kubaTyalo-mali
Isicwangciso sotyalo-mali esizinzileyo sinokuba ngumsebenzi omdala kwixesha elidlulileyo kumazwe afana ne-US kodwa oko kutshintsha ngokukhawuleza.
Izinto ezizinzileyo ziba zimehluko phakathi kwamandla omhlaba kunye nobuthathaka.
Iimeko zokusingqongileyo kunye nokufikelela kwizixhobo ziyinxalenye yokuqala yamandla ezoqoqosho, njengoko kubonakala kumazwe afana ne-US apho sihlala sisomelele kwezolimo, kanti kumazwe anjengeChina, amanqanaba okungcola asemandleni abo .
Ngokomzekelo, i-China kuphela i-109 kwi-180 kwi-EPI Index eneenkcukacha ezingekho emgangathweni kwimpilo ezibangelwa ukungcola okungenzeka ngendlela yokukhula kwabo kwezoqoqosho. Eli nqanaba alizange lihambelane nonke ukusuka kwi-rankings yonyaka odlulileyo, ngoko ngelixa ilizwe ligxininisa ngakumbi kwiingxaki zabo zokungcola, inkqubela phambili iye yaphuza.
Ukuqhubela phambili kwezoqoqosho kwe-China kuya phambili kuya kuba kuxhomekeke ngqo kwi-greening yezoqoqosho, kwaye oko kufezekiswe ngokubanzi ngezimali kunye nesicwangciso sotyalo-mali, kwaye urhulumente waseTshayina ufumana oko, ekubeni ube ngumtyalomali omkhulu kwihlabathi kwiGreen Bonds.
Abanomdla abanomdla kwiChina njengotyalo-mali olude ixesha elide banokulinganisa impumelelo yabo yesikhathi esizayo malunga nendlela ilizwe elihlambulula ngayo umoya, umhlaba kunye namanzi ngeendlela ezininzi, eziya kubavumela ukuba babe nempilo kwaye mhlawumbi kubekho uqoqosho oluphambili kwihlabathi.
Uchungechunge olutsha lweengxelo lubonisa indlela i-China isebenza ngayo ukuGcina iziseko zabo zezezimali ngokufanelekileyo-mhlawumbi oku kuza kudala uhlanga lwe-Greening Finance.
Oko kuya kuba yinto entle kunye nento yokugcina iso elisoloko ngathi sonke.
Nangona umsebenzi uqhubeka, i-UNEP Inkqubela yeSimali seMali esisigxina isebenza ngokusisigxina esi sihloko ngokubambisana neBhodi yoPhando yeBhanki yabantu baseTshayina kwiinyanga ezili-18 iNgxelo ye-Synthesis ikhuphe ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-Greening China ye-Financial System kwaye inokuthi kufumaneka kwikhonkco yangaphambili.
Kukho iingcebiso ezilishumi, ezibandakanya:
1. Yenza i-Green Banking System - ngokufunda kwimeko ye-UK Green Investment Bank njengomzekelo omnye wokuqwalasela. Umzekelo we-US umzamo walolu hlobo wawuza kuba yi-NY Green Bank, imizamo engabonwa apha kule ngqangi evela kwiwebhusayithi.
"Ukulindela ukukhula kwexesha elizayo kwiindawo zokuthengisa ngokutsha kwamandla omhlaba eNew York kuninzi, njengokuba olu lwalalo mali luqhubeka nokubonelela ngeengcipheko ezinobungozi / ukubuyisela iingxelo. Unokuvelisa imali engama-8 bhiliyoni yecandelo lotyalo-mali olongezelelweyo ngamashishini ahlanzekileyo kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo. Ngokungafani neentlawulo okanye ukuhlawulwa kweentlawulo, ezibandakanya iimali ezihlawulwa ngabahlawuli bee-time-time okanye izibonelelo, i-NY Green Bank imali isetyenziswe amaxabiso emarike, ukuqinisekisa ukuba sihlawulela iindleko zethu kwaye silondoloze isiseko sethu semali yokuqhubeka nokuthunyelwa. Ngokukhula kweemarike nokuphuhlisa irekhodi lomkhondo weprojekti kunye nokusebenza kwemboleko, sizimisele ukuqhubela phambili umsebenzi wokucoca amandla eNew York State ngaphandle kwemfuneko Inkxaso-mali eyongezelelekileyo yokuhlawula umvuzo njengokuba amathuba okuthengisa amashishini atyhila ngokukhawuleza ekhangayo kwicandelo labucala e izinto. "
2. Ukuphuhlisa iiNgxowa zeGreen - le nto ibonakala ngokubanzi kwiimali ezihlangeneyo e-US, eYurophu, eCanada nase-Australia. Uphando lwabasebenzi boLuntu / lwaBucala luphakanyiswa njengendlela eya phambili, ingakumbi ukuba utyalo-mali luya kuba luncedo ngokwaneleyo ukwenza umda omkhulu.
3. Uhlaza kwiBhanki yophuhliso - imibutho efana neBhanki yehlabathi, i-IMF kunye ne-ADB (i-Bhanki ye-Asia Development) ngeendlela ezithile ezikhokelela endleleni yokuzama ukufumana imali eluhlaza, ngokomzekelo ukukhupha ezinye zezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yiBond Bonds. I-AIIB entsha eyenziwa yi-US ngokuyinqaba ekuqaleni ngowona mqhubi oyintloko apha. Ukuba iiTriliyoni zeeDola zeZiseko zeZiseko zizayo njengoko kulindeleke, ukuba luhlaza kangakanani utyalo-mali luya kuba ngumqhubi oyintloko. I-US imele ihambe ngelo mzamo.
4. Imali-mboleko yeGreen-Incentives ifunekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi efanelekileyo ikhuthazwa ekubolekiseni ukuba i-market power can take care of this in itself.
5. Iibhondi ezitshatyalaliswayo - i-Initiative Bonds Initiative yindawo yokubukela kule ngxelo kunye nengxelo yabo entsha ye-2016 ibonisa ukukhula kwerekhodi kunye nethemba le $ 100 eBillion lokukhutshwa okutsha ngo-2016 lenza le ndawo yitsho-mali. Abatshali-zimali base-United States badinga ukhetho apha, akakho nakanye. Oku kufuneka kuguqulwe kwaye kuyithuba elikhulu lokulijonga. Iibhondi ezihlaza zihlala zibhalwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngezihlandlo eziliqela ukwenzela ukuba kukho uhlalutyo kunye nokhuseleko.
6. IPOs eViweyo - njengokuba sibona apha e-US malunga ne-YieldCos, kunokufumana umvuzo oqhubekayo kwiiprojekthi zelanga kunye nezinye iindlela ezikhoyo zokudlala iimarike zomntu ngendlela eluhlaza, kodwa uqaphele ukuba uqinisekise ukuba ityalwe kwimidlalo eqinile yemali. Oku ke kunika i-Private Equity ne-Venture Capital izizathu ezongezelelweyo zokuthatha inxaxheba kunye nokwenza i-dynamic efanelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo.
7. Ukurhweba kwezinto zokungenisa iimveliso - i-cap-and--trade-systems ayiphumelelanga eYurophu kodwa bahlala eChina naseCalifornia malunga naloo nto. Njengoko iCrisis Crisis ye-2008 ihlawulela, ukurhweba kungabuya ngendlela eyamkelekileyo yokunciphisa i-carbon emissions. I-China ingakhokelela phambi kwe-US kule nto.
8. I-Rat Ratings - i-arhente yeekhredithi zikhuthazwa ukuba zihlole utyalo-mali kunye neenkampani kwiindawo eziluhlaza-umsebenzi oqhubekayo, kodwa i-credit card yindawo ekumele ibukele ngayo, ngakumbi ukuba ukulinganiswa kwemali-mali kungaphumeleli ngokwezimali, njengokuba icandelo lelahle . Ngokomzekelo, intengo ye-stock ye-Peabody Energy ihla kwezihlandlo ezili-14 kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo yodwa. I-King Coal ingasweleka kwaye iyancinci phantsi kwengcinezelo enkulu.
9. I-Index Index - ngelixa ukugcinwa kweengxowanxu zizinzima ngokubanzi zihlala zikhona iindlela zokutshintshwa kunye nokunyuka kwemali, ukuhlawula imali ephantsi.
10. Ukuphuhlisa uhlalutyo lweNdleko yoMmandla - oku kufike kwindawo yokubeka intengo kwendalo. Oku kunokukunceda ukukhokelela kwixabiso lekhabhoni, njengoko kuboniswa kumthetho we-US Clean Power Plan apho iNdleko yeNtlalo kwiCarbon ingakhokelela kwizigqibo zezezimali ukucoca iimpembelelo zamandla kwi-US kwaye kwakhona ibeka uxinzelelo kwilahle.
Umsebenzi omningi uhlala usenziwa eChina ngokunyanzeliswa kodwa baye baqhekeka phantsi kobuqhetseba, kwaye ngelixa ezinye zihlala zenziwa, ezi ziphakamiso zingentla ziqala ukubeka ilizwe kwikota engcono ngokutyalomali.
Oku kungabakho umahluko phakathi kwempumelelo yezoqoqosho nakusasazeka kubatyalomali kunye nelizwe ngokwalo, iklasi eliphakamileyo eliphakamileyo lifuna ukunyanzela ukuba neendlela zokuphila esizithatha kakhulu.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwabo kwimeko yoshishino inika iChina eqinile ithuba lokuphumelela, kwaye mhlawumbi kukho ukufunda kuwo sonke.