"Ingcebiso yam kwi-trustee ayinakulula ngakumbi: Beka i-10% yemali kwiibhondi zorhulumente zincinci kunye ne-90% kwi-S & P 500 yengxowa-mali yexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu," kuchaza kwi-Berkshire Hathaway ka-2013 ileta yonyaka eya kubanini-zimali. .
Nangona kunjalo, nangona isiluleko sikaBuffett , abacebileyo abavumi ukutyalomali kwimali elula, ephantsi, i-index-matching index funds. Kunoko bafaka imali kumashishini ngamnye, kunye nezobugcisa , i-real estate, i- hedge funds , kunye nezinye iintlobo zotyalo-mali kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokungena. Utyalo-mali oluyimfuneko ngokubanzi lufuna iindleko ezinkulu zokuthengwa kwaye zithwale imirhumo ephezulu, ngelixa lithembisa ithuba lokufumana umvuzo.
Indlela Obutyebi Ababutyebi
UStep Ballmer, owayengumphathi we-MCO waseMicrosoft, uxela inzuzo efanelekileyo kwi-32 $ yezigidigidi. Emva kokushiya iMicrosoft, u-Ballmer wathenga i-LA Clippers kwi rekhodi eyi-$ 2 yezigidigidi. Ngaphandle kokushiya iMicrosoft, uneengxenye ezingama-330 zeempahla zenkampani, isabelo se-4% senkampani ngo-2014. Kwi-tag yexabiso le-69.94 yamanqaku, i-$ 23.08 yezigidi-mali.
Kodwa i-shareholder enkulu yeMicrosoft inomnye utyalo-mali. U-Ballmer unakho ama-dollar angama-450 kwizigidi ze-Twitter, kunye ne-investment properties e-Hunts Point, eWashington nase-Whidbey Island.
Oko kuthetha ukuba ubutyebi bakhe bujoliswe kwiityala ezimbalwa-ukukhalela kude "kutyalo-mali kwi-index index" echazwe nguBuffett kunye neengcali zemali.
UThomas J. Stanley, umbhali we- The Millionaire Next Door, uthi amaninzi amaninzi angabanini-shishini. Ngoko, akumangalisi ukuba abo basomashishini bathande utyalo-mali kumashishini, abo kunye nabanye.
Ababutyebi banayo imali yokuthenga oko bayithandayo kwaye bayayibukela. Ukusuka kwezobugcisa obunqabileyo ukuya kwiindawo eziphathekayo eziza kuhlanganiswa, abatyebi banandipha utyalo-mali babo ngelixa bekhula ngexabiso.
Iimali zeHedge nazo ziyakuthandwa ngokucebileyo. Le mali yezityebi ifuna abatyali-mali ukuba babonise i-$ 1,000,000 okanye ngaphezulu ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye basebenzise izicwangciso ezicwangcisiweyo ezijoliswe ekubetheni i-marhwebo. Kodwa i-hedge fund ihlawulisa malunga ne-2% yemirhumo kunye ne-20% yenzuzo. Abatyalomali kufuneka bafumane imbuyekezo enkulu yokuxhasa ezo ntlawulo eziphezulu!
Abatyebi banempahla yesintu, i-bond, kunye ne-investment fund. Sekunjalo, ubutyebi kunye neminqweno yabo ivulela iingcango kwezinye iindidi zokuthakazelisa nokutsalwa kwezimali ezingenakufumaneka kumntu ophakathi.
Kutheni Awukho Ubutyebi Obutyebi Ngeengxelo zeeNkcazo ezingezantsi?
Kule minyaka engama-90 edluleyo, i-S & P 500 yayingaphezulu kwe-9.53% yokubuyiswa ngonyaka. Ubungacinga ukuba isityebi siya kuneliswa yile hlobo lokubuyela kwezolimo. Ngokomzekelo, i-$ 10,038,47 efunyenwe imali kwi-S & P 500 ngo-1955 ixabisa i-$ 3,286,458.70 yee-$ ekupheleni kuka-2016. Ukutshala imali kwimarike yonke kunye neengxelo zemali zinikeza ibuyiselo ezifanayo, ngelixa kunciphisa ubungozi obubandakanyeka ngamasheya ngamnye kunye nezinye iimali.
Kodwa abatyebileyo banakho ukufumana ingozi kwiinkonzo zokuphindaphinda izigidi zabo (okanye iibhiliyoni). Ukuthatha umzekelo omnye, jonga umtyalo-mhlaba owaziwayo kunye no-George Soros, owakhe wenza i-$ 1.5 billion ngenyanga enye ngokubheja ukuba i-pound yaseBrithani kunye nezinye iindidi zeYurophu zagqithiselwa kakhulu kwi-German Deutsche mark.
Iimali ze-Hedge zithembisa ukuzuza okungaqhelekanga, nangona kwiminyaka yamuva nje ihlulekile ukukhupha amanqaku eemarike ze-stock market. Kodwa banokuhlawula ngendlela enkulu kubaxumi babo abacebileyo. Kunyaka ophelileyo, uJames Simons we-Renaissance Technology wathola abatyali-mali bakhe abayi-21,5% ngemali. Kwaye uSimons ngokwakhe ufumana i-$ 1.5 billion. Ababutyebi bazimisele ukubeka umngcipheko kwiintlawulo zemali ezi- $ 100,000 ukuya kwii-25 yezigidi ezigidi ukuze ithuba lokuvuna iindleko ezinkulu.
Imilinganiselo yokutshala imali ekhulwini-nye iyanceda ukubonisa iimfuno zabo.
Njengoko abantu abaninzi abazizityebi bafumana izigidi zabo (okanye iibhiliyoni) kwi-shishini, bayibona le ndlela njengendlela yokuqhubeka nokukhulisa imali yabo. Bonwabela ubugcisa, imoto, amakhaya kunye neziqokelelo; Ukuthenga ezo zithintelo kuphucula indlela yokuphila, kwaye ukuxabisa kwangomso ibhonasi enhle.
Ababutyebi bahlukile kunewe nam, sinemali enkulu, ixabiso elifanelekileyo kunye namathuba. Nangona befuna utyalo-mali olukhethekileyo ngethemba lokubuyiselwa kwembuyekezo, akusiyo yonke into ehlawulwa ngayo kunye neentlawulo eziphezulu kunesistim ehlawula imali. Isicwangciso esilula sotyalo-mali kwixabiso eliphantsi lokuhlawula imali lilungile ngokwaneleyo kuWarren Buffett, kwaye lilungile ngokwaneleyo kumtyalo-mali.
UBarbara A. Friedberg ungumphathi wepotfoliyo kunye nomcebisi-mali weyunivesithi. Ukubhala kwakhe kubonakala kwiiwebhusayithi ezahlukeneyo kuquka uRobo-Advisor Pros.com kunye noBarbara Friedberg Personal Finance.