Izizathu zokuqwalasela ukufaka ii-Index-Indleko zeeNkcazo kwiiNgxowa-mali zakho
Ngokutsho kwabantu base Motley Fool, kuphela ezilishumi kwii-10 ezimalunga eziphathekayo ezilawulwayo zilawulwa ukubetha i- S & P 500 ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwixesha leminyaka elishumi edlulileyo. Imbali iyasitshela ukuba bambalwa kakhulu ukuba ngaba nayiphi na yale mali iya kulawula enye efanayo kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo.
Isifundo silula: ngaphandle kokuba uqinisekile ukuba unako ukukhetha i-0.001% yeemali ezidibeneyo eziza kubetha intengiso enkulu, uya kulungiswa ngokutyalomali kwimarike ngokwayo.
Utyalo-mali kwiimarike ngokwayo? Ngokuqalisa idireji yeendleko zesaxabiso kwixabiso eliphantsi kweendleko zenkcitho , unokuqiniseka ukuba uya kuqhuba uninzi lweengxowa-mali ezizimeleyo ngokubanzi.
Enyanisweni, utyalomali ophumeleleyo kwimbali, uWarren Buffett, ukhuthaza ukuba abo abanqweneliyo okanye abanakho ukuvavanya ngokweenkcukacha iimpahla zabo kufuneka bahlalise imali yenkxaso-mali ephantsi efana nezo zenziwa yiVanguard.
Ngoba? Iimali ze-Index ziqhayisa izinto ezintathu ezihlukeneyo ngaphezu kwamalungu abo alawulwa ngokusebenzayo :
- Abafuni ukuhlaziywa kweenkampani okanye ukuqonda kwe-accounting, i-theory yemali, okanye ipolfoliyo.
- Zibalelwa ngokulinganayo kweendleko zeeendleko, ukubonelela ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza kwiingxowa-mali ezilawulwa ngokuzimeleyo kwaye phantse ngokuqinisekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwexesha elide.
- Zenziwe ngamaninzi okanye amakhulu eenkampani. Olu hlobo luyanciphisa ingozi ethile yenkampani.
Yintoni i-Index Index?
Ngaphambi kokuba ungeze isikhwama seenkcukacha kwipotifoliyo yakho, kungeniswa ukuqonda ukuba yintoni. Ingxowa-mali yenkcazo yesikhwama sokubambisana esenzelwe ukubonakalisa ukusebenza komnye weengqungquthela ezinkulu (umz., IDow Jones Industrial Average , i- S & P 500 , i-Wilshire 5000, uRussell 2000, njl.) Ngokungafani neemali eziqhelekileyo ezilawulwayo, apho abaphathi beepotfoliyo bavavanya , uhlalutye kwaye uzuze amasheya athile, iifom zenkcazo zilawulwa ngokungapheliyo.
Ngokwenene, oku kuthetha ukuba baqulethe iqela elikhethiweyo leempahla ezinqabileyo, ukuba zitshintshe.
Umtyalomali owathengile inkcazo yenkcazo eyenzelwe ukubonakalisa i-Dow Jones Industrial Average, umzekelo, yayiza kuba namaxabiso atshintsho phantse ngokuchanekileyo ngokuvumelanisa nexabiso elicatshulwa kwi-Dow Jones Industrial Average hearing the news night. Ngokufanayo, umtyalo-mali owakha indawo kwindawo yeengxowa-mali eyenzelwe ukulinganisa i-S & P 500, ngokwenene, ukufumana isisitya kuwo onke amahlanu amaqela eenkampani ezenza loo ngcaciso.
Iimali zeeNgxowa-mali azifuneki ukuhlalutya kwezeNkcazo nezeMali
Iimali zeengxelo zilungele abo abangenayo ingcamango yokuvavanya iingeniso zokhuphiswano lweenkampani ezahlukeneyo, ukwahlula ingxelo yemali engenayo kwi- balance sheet , okanye ukubala ukuphuma kwemali. Ngenxa yokuba umngcipheko othile wenkampani uyahlukana kakhulu ngenxa yamaninzi okanye amakhulu eenkampani ezenza nganye yeengqungquthela ezinkulu, olo luhlalutyo aluyimfuneko. Kwakhona, inkcazo yenkxaso-mali yindlela echanekileyo yokufumana ama-stock of stocks xa igwema amawaka eedola kwiikomishishini zemali eziza kubangela.
Iingxowa zeeNgxowa-mali ziqhelekileyo zineenkcukacha zeMali eziNcinci kakhulu zeMali
Ukuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kwemali kufuneka kuhlawule abaphathi beepotfoliyo, abahlalutyi, iifizi zokubhaliselwa kophando kunye nezinto ezinjalo.
Ipesenti yeendleko zeengxowa-mali eziquka i-12b-1 yemirhumo edibeneyo yexabiso lemali eliqhelekileyo liyaziwa njengexabiso leendleko . Ngenxa yokuba iimali zeengxelo azilawulwa (kwaye azifuneki nanye kwiindleko ezikhankanywe ngasentla), isantya seendleko esicetyiswayo singadlulanga ngokuthelekiswa nengxowa-mali ephakathi. Kuthetha ukuba imali encinci yemali-mali ityala ukuhlawula, ukuhlawulwa kunye neentlawulo zokuthengisa. Ngaphezulu kwexesha elide, iindleko ezisezantsi ezinxulumene nemali yenkcazo zingabangela ukusebenza ngokuphuculweyo.
Khawuqwalasele oku kulandelayo: Ukujonga ngokukhawuleza kwi-Yahoo Finance kubonisa ukuba umyinge wexabiso eliqhelekileyo lokukhula kunye neengxowa-mali zengxowa-mali yokuzibandakanya yi-1.29%. Ngenxa yoko, malunga ne-$ 1,883 yezigidi ezili-10 000 ezityalwe imali kwiminyaka elishumi ziya kuhamba kwinkampani ye-fund ngendlela yeendleko. Thelekisa loo ngxowa-mali yeVanguard 500, eyenzelwe ukubonisa isibonakaliso se-S & P 500, esinexabiso elingama-0.12% yonyaka, okubangela ixabiso lemali elongezelelweyo leminyaka elishumi elinama-154 kwi-$ 10,000.
Ngamanye amagama, ngokutyalomali kwiNgxowa-mali yeVanguard, umtyalomali uza kuba neerhafu ezili-1,724 ezisebenza kuye. Ukuxutywa malunga nokutyalwa kwexesha lokuphila, umlinganiselo uyabaluleka.
I-Index yeeNgxowa-mali zoTyalo-mali ezigqwesileyo xa zidibene neDollar yexesha elide Iindleko zokulinganisela
Ekuphakameni kweemarike zentengiso yama-1920, i-Dow Jones Industrial Average yafika kwinani le-381.17. Ngomnyaka we-1932, i-Dow yahlaselwa ku-42.22. Kuthathe iminyaka engamashumi amathathu nantathu (1929 ukuya ku-1955) ukuba ibuyele kwizinga le-1929. Umntu onotyalomali yonke imali yakhe ekuphakameni wayemele alinde iminyaka engamashumi amathathu ukuba aphule! Ukuba, nangona kunjalo, wayeseqalile idireji yenkcitho yokuphawula, wayenokwenza imali eninzi ngenxa yemali ephantsi kakhulu yexabiso lentengo ngelixa ixesha lemarike libuyela kwinqanaba langaphambili. Ukudibanisa neengeniso ezibuyisiwe, uza kuphulaphula kwiminyaka embalwa nje, kwaye ngelixa ixesha lemarike lifikelele kwinqanaba layo langaphambili, lenze kakuhle kakhulu.
Imiba yeeNkcazo zeeNkcazo
Zonke iimali-mali zinezibonelelo zazo kunye neengxaki, kwaye ziquka imali yenkcazo. Nangona zikhethwa ngokukhethekileyo kubatyalimi abaninzi.