Ukunikezelwa kwirekhodi lakhe elide kwimarike, abaninzi abatyala imali bafuna ukufunda indlela yokukhetha izitokisi ezifana noBuffett. Kodwa kubatyalomali ngabanye, kubandakanye nomfazi wakhe, uBuffett uhlala ebuyela kwisicwangciso-mali esisisiseko-kwaye isicwangciso esingenanto ekuthatheni amasheya athile.
Iseluleko sikaBuffett ngomfazi wakhe
Kwincwadi yakhe yonyaka ka- 2013 yabanini-nxaxheba , uBuffett ubhekiselele ekufeni kwakhe kwaye wanikeza imiyalelo ecacileyo kumphathiswa onikwe uxanduva lokulawula indawo yakhe enomfazi.
"Ingcebiso yam kwi-trustee ayinakulula. Beka u-10% wemali kwiibhanki zorhulumente ezimfutshane- 90 kunye ne-90% kwi- S & P 500 yengxowa-mali. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba iziphumo zexesha elide elivela kule nkqubo ziya kuba ziphezulu kunezo ezifunyenwe ngabatyalo-mali-nokuba ngaba imali yomhlala-phantsi, amaziko, abantu ngabanye-abasebenzisa abaphathi bemali ephezulu. "
Yaye yile ngcebiso ephindaphindiweyo kwakhona. Ngomhlangano wonyaka we-2016 weBerkshire Hathaway wabanikazi bamasheya, ababizwa ngokuba yi "Woodstock of Capitalism", uBuffett waphendula umbuzo malunga nendlela umtyalo-mali oqhelekileyo kufuneka aphathe ngayo imali yakhe: "Yithenge kuphela i-S & P yengxowa-mali kwaye uhlale kwiminyaka engama-50 elandelayo."
Ukunyaniseka kukaBuffett kubaphathi bezolimo abazimeleyo kucacile.
Kananjalo akacebisi ukuba athembele esitokisini esisodwa, kungekhona neBerkshire Hathaway yakhe. Esikhundleni salokho, uxhaswa imali-mali kwisitokethi se-S & P 500, uhlobo lwe-fund fund elandela ukuqhutywa kwama-500 eenkampani ezinkulu zoluntu eMelika.
Inkolelo eqinileyo kaBuffett kwi-S & P 500 inamandla kangangokuthi ukubetha i-$ 1 yezigidi kangangokuba i-S & P 500 iya kubangela ukhetho lwee-hedge funds ngaphezulu kwexesha.
Okwangoku, kubonakala ngathi uBuffett ulandele ukuphumelela.
Kodwa Ngaba i-Warren Buffet ayiyikutshala imali kwiiNdawo eziSodwa?
Usenokuzibuza ukuba kutheni inkampani kaBuffett ayihambisani neengcebiso zakhe. Emva koko, i-Berkshire Hathaway yakhiwe ngokutshala imali kwiinkampani ezizimeleyo, kwaye iphothifoliyo yayo iqulethe iibhiliyoni zeedola zentengiso-mali kwiinkampani kuquka i-Wells Fargo, i-American Express ne-Coca-Cola.
Iphothifoliyo eyakhelwe kwifilosofi ebizwa ngokuba yi- investment investment , eyayibuvulindlela ngumcebisi kaBuffett kunye noprofesa uBenjamin Graham. Ixabiso lokutyalomali liyalahla ukuguquka kwiimarike kwaye kugxininise kwixabiso le-intranethi yenkampani. UBuffett kunye neqela lakhe lijolise ekufumaneni iinkampani ezinomsebenzi wokukhuphisana, ulawulo oluphezulu, kwaye zinenani eliphezulu kunexabiso langoku.
I-metric yeBuffett eyithandayo yokulinganisa ixabiso leenkampani ibaluleka kwincwadi nganye ngesabelo . Oku kulinganisa ixabiso lefa leenkampani ngokuthelekiswa nexabiso lentengo, kukunika isilinganisi esilungeleyo sezinto ezifunekayo kwinkampani.
Ukuba ufuna ukukhetha amasheya, utyalo-mali uza kuba sisiqhinga esihle sokulandela. Sekunjalo, khumbula ukuba uBuffett kunye neqela lakhe lotyalo-mali lilawula izigidigidi zeedola kwiimpahla, kwaye banakho ukwenza utyalo-mali olukhulu kunye nempembelelo yokusebenza kweenkampani kwi-portfolio yaseBerkshire Hathaway.
Abatyalomali ngabanye basebenza ngamawaka eedola, kungekhona iibhiliyoni, kwaye abanalo ixesha, impahla okanye ubuchule bokulinganisa impumelelo kaBuffett.
Ubulumko bokuThabatha iiShishini
Omnye umehluko obalulekileyo kukuba abatyala-mali ngabanye, ngokungafani nomtyalo-zimali omkhulu wezikole njengoBerkshire Hathaway, abanako ukujongana nelahleko enkulu ezayo kunye notyalo-mali kwimarike.
Futhi musa ukwenza iphutha: Ezi lahleko ziya kuza. Wonke umntu uva ibali kumntu owenza i-stock pick pick kwaye washaya isityebi-ingaba kuthenga i-Google okanye i-Netflix esitokweni ngamanani aphantsi nje emva kwe-IPOs yabo, okanye ukuqokelela isitokethi sezindiza emva kokuhlasela kukaSeptemba 11. Kodwa awunamathuba okuva umntu olahlekelwe yinto yonke xa u-Enron ewa phantsi kwesohlwayo, okanye kubabani-masheya kwi-GT Advanced Technologies ababonayo isitokisi sabo siphelelwa lilize xa i-Apple ithatha umthengisi omtsha kwi-glass mirror ye-iPhone.
Kanye njengoko kukho amabali obuqaqawuli kwimarike yemasheya, kukho amabali okulahleka okukhulu.
Indlela yokwakha iPortfolio yakho
Ukuba ufuna ukulandela isiluleko sikaBuffett kubarhwebi ngabanye, nenye indlela ongayenza ngayo. Njengesikhumbuzo, nasi isiluleko sakhe esisisiseko sokwakhiwa kwipotfoliyo ekwakhiweyo malunga nokutyalomali-mali: "Beka i-10% yemali kwiibhondi zorhulumente zincinci, kunye ne-90% kwi-SNP 500 yengxowa-mali."
Masiqale ngezo zibophelelo. Njengoko kunye ne-S & P 500, unokuthenga i-fund eyodwa okanye i-ETF ukuba utyalomle kwinqwelo-bhondi yexesha elifutshane. I-Vanguard inikezela i-ETF yayo yexesha elifutshane ne-ETF kunye ne-ticker VGSH . Ixabiso eliphantsi I-Admiral Shares mutual fund nayo iyafumaneka phantsi kwe-ticker VSBSX .
Ngaloo "ngxowa-mali ye-S & P 500 yexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu"? Kule nxalenye yepotfolio yeBuffett, kukho ininzi yezinto ezikhethiweyo zeengxowa-mali. Abanini-mali abaninzi baya kuqala ngeVanguard S & P 500 ETF, uphawu lwe-ticker VOO. I-fund yesivumelwano, i-ticker yefayile ye-VFINX. Abatyalo-mali abangenani i-$ 10,000 ukuzinikezela kule mali-mali bangafumana imali engaphantsi kodwa i-Admiral Shares mutual fund, uphawu lwe-ticker VFIAX.
Sisebenzise iimali zeVanguard kulo mzekelo ngenxa yeemali zabo eziphantsi, kodwa nayiphi na i-brokerage oyisebenzisayo iya kuba neendlela ezifanayo.
IiNzuzo zeeNkcazo zeeNgxowa
Ukutshala imali kwiinkcukacha zenkxaso-mali kunamathuba amaninzi ngaphezu kokukhethwa kwamasheya.
Ulwahlulo olukhawulezayo: Xa kuthengwa isitokethi ngasinye, kuthatha ixesha elide kunye nemali yokwakha iipotifoliyo ezahlukeneyo. Kubalulekile ukuphumeza ulwahlulo kwiinkampani kunye namashishini. Utyalo-mali kwiNgxowa-mali ye-S & P 500 inika iinkampani ezingama-500 kanyekanye. Izikhundla eziphezulu ngokulinganisa ziquka i-Apple, iMicrosoft, Exxon Mobil, uJohnson & Johnson, iBerkshire Hathaway, iGeneral General, kunye noJP Morgan Chase. Funda kabanzi malunga nohlu lwe-S & P 500 kwikhasi elisemthethweni kwi-Standard & Poor's.
Ukubethelwa koqoqosho lwe-US: Ukubetha kwiinkampani ezinkulu zikawonke-wonke e-United States kufaniswa nokubheja kuqoqosho jikelele lwaseUnited States. Nangona enye inkampani inokulandela ixesha lika-Enron ngezinye izihlandlo, ezi zizinzile, iinkampani zeBlue Chip eziza kubona ukuzinza kwexesha elide.
Ukulungelelanisa ukulawula iimvakalelo: Isicwangciso esincinci sokutshala imali kukuqhubeka nokufaka isandla esincinci ixesha elifutshane. Xa uthengisa kwaye uthengisa isitokethi ngasinye, uhlala uhlala engqondweni yokuthenga nokuthengisa. Ngokuqinisekileyo oku kukukhokelela abatyali-mali abaninzi ukuba bathenge kwaye bathengise ngexesha elingafanelekanga. Kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba ixesha lithengise iimarike . Kunoko, landela inkambo evivinyayo neyinyaniso apho ujongene nokukhupha okukhulu emva kwexesha lemarike elixakekayo.
Imali yokuthengisa engaphantsi: Ungathengisa ezinye izitokisi ngokukhululekileyo ngenxa yemirhumo emisha efana ne-Loyal3 no-Robinhood, kodwa abaninzi abathengi baqhuba i-$ 10 nganye yorhwebo. Ukuthenga nokuthengisa izitokisi zokwakha iphothifoliyo kungabiza iindleko zamakhulu okanye amawaka eedola. Nangona kunjalo, iifama ezininzi ezinkulu zemali zinikeza ukufikelela kwi-S & P 500 yengxowa-mali yengxowa. Ukuba awunayo intandokazi, unokulandela isiluleko sikaBuffett sokuthenga inguqu yeVanguard yesikolo. I-Vanguard inikeza ukuthengiswa kwamahhala kwiimali zayo xa uvula i-akhawunti ye-Vanguard yamahhala.
Ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi njengoWarren Buffett .