Indlela i-Stock Market kunye nezoQoqosho zoNxibelelwano zihambelana ngayo
Ngokomzekelo, ngaba uyayazi ukuba imarike yenkomo kwi-stocks iqhubela phambili phambi koqoqosho? Ngamagama ahlukeneyo, imarike entsha yeebhere yamasheya ingaqala nangokuba uqoqosho luqhubeka lukhula. Enyanisweni, ngeli xesha i- Federal Reserve ivakalisa ngokusemthethweni ukutyekela kwemali sele iqalile, kuya kuba yinto elungileyo yokwenza utyhafu kwaye uqale ukubeka ngaphezulu kweedola lakho lotyalo-mali.
Eli nqaku lichaza ukuba kutheni imakethi ye-stock market kunye ne-economic sum and pitgh in a maxesha ahlukeneyo kunye nendlela onokwenza ngayo iipotifoliyo ukwenzela ukwandisa iintlawulo. Nangona kunjalo, gcinani engqondweni ukuba ixesha kwiimarike, ngokuchasene nexesha leemarike, sisicwangciso esona sigqeba sotyalo-mali sootyalo-mali abaninzi.
Ukuchaza nokwahlukana 'kweNtengiso' kunye 'noQoqosho'
Bonke abatyali-mali, ababandakanya abantu, abaphathi beefa, iimali zempesheni, iibhanki, iinkampani zomshuwalense, nje ukubiza ezimbalwa, kunye kunye kunye nefuthe kwizinto ezithandwa kakhulu "njengemarike." Ngokwenene, imarike ibhekisela kwimarike eyinkunzi , eyimarike yabatyalo-mali ukuba bathenge kwaye bathengise ukugcinwa kweemali-mali, ezifana nezitokisi, iibhondi kunye nemali-mali .
Xa uva okanye ufunda ngokubhekiselele ku "qoqosho" oludla ngokubhekiselele kwinto eyenza inkqubo yezoqoqosho, ebandakanya abathengi, imboni, imibutho, amaziko emali kunye noorhulumente.
Ngendlela elula, uqoqosho lubhekiselele kwingqongqo yezemali jikelele, ngokuqhelekileyo i-United States (uqoqosho lwase-United States) ngaphandle kokuba ibhekiswe ngokuthe ngqo ngokuthi "uqoqosho lwehlabathi," oluya kufaka onke amazwe ehlabathini.
I-Stock Market ibheka phambili, i-Economy ibukela emva
Ngoku, ngokusemthethweni kwindlela, cingisisa oko abatshali-mali abenzayo abachaphazela iimarike: Bafunda lonke ulwazi olufumanekayo malunga neemeko zangoku, kubandakanywa ezoqoqosho, kodwa ngokukodwa kwimpilo yezemali kunye nomntu ngamnye (umthengi).
Abatyalomali bajonge phambili kwaye baqikelele amaxabiso emasheya namhlanje ngokusekelwe kulindeleke ngokuphathelele kwikamva, bathi iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 ezizayo. Yingakho i-market market ibizwa ngokuba "indlela yokujonga phambili" okanye "indlela yokuphuhlisa." Ukuba kukho into engalindelekanga ezayo, nokuba yinto enhle okanye engalunganga, amanani amasheya aya kusabela (okanye "ahlawulelwe") ngokufanelekileyo. Esi sisiseko esisezantsi se- Hypothesis ye-Market Efficient (EMH) .
Ngokungafaniyo nakwiimarike kunye nabasomali-mali, uqoqosho, okanye oluchanekileyo ukuthetha, oomnotho, jonga emva. Bajonga iinkcukacha zembali, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuya kweenyanga ezintathu, ukubonelela ngemilinganiselo yempilo yezoqoqosho. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba uqoqosho lwezomnotho lwaqala namhlanje, aluyi kubikwa ngabakulingani ngokuqinisekileyo ubuncinane inyanga (okanye zinyanga ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu xa ubangela ukuhlaziywa kwazo).
Ngoku khawucinge ukuba ubude obude (ubude) beemarike zeebhere kwiimasheya ngumnyaka owodwa. Ngexesha lezoqoqosho zithe zalisa iindaba zokuthi uqoqosho luqalisile, imarike yeebhere ingaba sele ikhona kwiinyanga ezintathu okanye ezine, kwaye ukuba ingaphantsi kwe-average kwisithuba, kunokuthi kubekho ixesha lokuqala ukubuyisela kwisitokisi.
Ngokufanayo, xa i-economists ivakalisa ukuba uqoqosho luye lwaphela kwaye ixesha elitsha lokukhula kwezoqoqosho liqalisile, imarike yenkomo kwiimpahla zisebe sele zineenyanga.
Yingakho i-market market ibizwa ngokuba "ngumbonakaliso wezoqoqosho okhokelayo" kuba inokuthi (kodwa kungekho rhoqo) iqikelele ukulandelelaniswa kwexesha elizayo elisondeleyo kwezoqoqosho.
Isicwangciso sexesha lokuThengisa ngeSitokhwe seMatriki kunye noQoqosho
Ngoku ukuba uyazi ukuba iimarike zentengiso kunye neemeko zoqoqosho zithetha ngexesha (iimakethi zikhokelela malunga neenyanga ezintathu) ungaqala ukucinga ngamalinge anokusebenza ngamaxesha athile. Ngokomzekelo, xa oqoqosho bebhengeze ukukhula kwemali sele kuqalile, unokulindela ukuba i-Federal Reserve iqalise imigaqo-nkqubo yokunyusa amaxabiso omhlaba phantsi, okuya kubangela ukuba amaxabiso amabhonkco aphezulu. Unokufuna ukwandisa ukutyhila kwiibhondi ngeli xesha. Ngokwahlukileyo, unokwenza isigqibo sokunciphisa ukugqithisa kwiibhondi xa i-economics ibhengeze ukuba ukuhlawulelwa kwemali kuye kwaphela ngenxa yokuba amanani eebhondi aza kuwa xa amazinga enzala aqala ukuphakama kwakhona.
Amanqanaba okuqala okubuyiswa kwezoqoqosho angaba lixesha elihle lokutshala imali kwiimpahla ezincinci kunye nemigodi yexabiso ngenxa yokuba zihlala zizilungele ukulungelelanisa kwixesha elinzima kwezoqoqosho. Ngexesha lokugqibela kwinqanaba lomjikelo wezoqoqosho, iindawo zokukhula zidla kakuhle. Le nxalenye yesikhokelo emva kokukhawuleza utyalo-mali .
Umngeni kunye neNxiliso ngexesha lokuThweba
Nangona ulwalamano phakathi kweemarike zentengiso kunye noqoqosho lunokuba lula kwi-athikili yegama eliwaka, ixesha lokuthengisa iimali lingaba lincinci kakhulu kwaye ngoko ludenge ukuba abatyali-mali abaninzi bazame. Akukho bell yemilingo engumlingo xa kufike ixesha lokungena okanye ukuphuma kwamasitokethi. Kuba abaninzi abatyalo-mali bathenga kunye neqhinga lokubamba lisebenza kakuhle, ngakumbi xa lidibaniswa nexabiso leedola .
Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa izinto ezintle zokuthenga kunye nokubambisana kunye nexesha lokuthengisa, unokuqwalasela into ebizwa ngokuba yi- acac allocation allocation , leyo ingavelisa iziphumo ezingcono xa zisetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo.
Isishwankathelo, zonke utyalo-mali ziquka inqanaba elithile lexesha lemarike. Indlela efanelekileyo kakhulu kubatyalo-mali abaninzi abanqwenela ukwandisa iindleko nokunciphisa umngcipheko kukukwakhela iipotfoliyo ezingcono kwiimfuno zabo kunye nokunyamezela.
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lichazwe ngokungeniswa njengeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.