Funda Ukufumana Uninzi Kwikhompyutha yakho ye-TSP
Ukongezelela, ihlabathi leenkqubo zokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ezixhaswe ngumqeshi lihamba ngokuthe gqolo ngakumbi kwizicwangciso ezixhamliweyo, okanye into eninzi abantu ababhekisela kuyo njengempesheni, kunye nakwizicwangciso zenkxaso ezichaziweyo, ezifana ne- 401 (k) .
Nangona urhulumente wesigqeba ulandela umgangatho wehlabathi jikelele wokufuduka kwiipenshini zendabuko ukubeka uxanduva lokulondoloza umhlalaphantsi ngaphezulu kumahlombe wabasebenzi.
Ngenxa yoko, kubaluleke kunabo bonke abaqeshwa baseFredeni ukuba baqonde indlela yokwenza okungakumbi kwi-TSP kunye nemali kuyo.
Isicwangciso soKhuseleko esisisiseko
Ukuba uqhelana no-401 (k) izicwangciso, uyazi izizathu ze-TSP: Imoto yongeniso lomhlala-phantsi eyenziwa ngumqeshi, kulo mzekelo, urhulumente waseburhulumenteni. Ngoko ke abasebenzi baseburhulumenteni, abavela kwi-FBI agents, ukuya kumalungu enkomfa, kumalungu enkonzo ye-Army, i-Navy, i-Air Force, i-Marine Corps kunye ne-Coast Guard angasebenzisa i-TSP.
Iintlawulo zisekelwe kwipesenti yokuhlawula kwaye zenziwe ngoluhlu lwabahlawuli-mali kunye nokuba lubekwe kwisibonelelo sangaphambili okanye emva kwentela (Roth). Ipesenti ezincinci zemivuzo ye-TSP yi-1 yeepesenti kwaye ubuninzi beepesenti ezili-100.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho umrhumo ophezulu we-TSP umrhumo weedola eligunyazwe yiNkqubo yeNgeniso yangaphakathi. Umda we-IRC weminikelo ye-TSP i-$ 18,000. Ngaphandle kweli galelo likhulu ngamalungu enkonzo yempi kummandla wokulwa. Kule meko, igalelo eliphezulu li $ 54,000.
Imveli vs Roth TSP
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iminikelo engaphambili yerhafu ibhetele kubantu abalindele ukuba babekhokhwa yerhafu yengeniso engaphantsi komhlalaphantsi.
Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuchasana (ukuyeka kude kube yilapho) irhafu yinto efanelekileyo kuba unako ukuphepha ukuhlawula irhafu ephezulu ngoku kodwa uhlawule kamva xa ungaphantsi kwentlawulo.
Iminikelo ye-Roth inengqiqo kubantu abalindele ukuba babe kwi-bracket ethe xaxa kwiminyaka yabo yomhlalaphantsi. Kule meko, kulungile ukubandakanya inzuzo kwiirhafu ngoku kwinqanaba eliphantsi kwaye ukhuphe ukuhlawula irhafu kwizinga eliphezulu.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba igalelo lenziwe njani, nokuba yintlawulo engaphambili okanye emva kwentela, utyalo-mali ngaphakathi kwe-TSP lukhula ukuhlawula intela, oku kuthetha ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba kwi-TSP abahlawuli irhafu yengeniso kwimali, izabelo okanye izuzwana ngelixa imali ihlala akhawunti. Imirhumo yentlawulo engaphambi kokuhlawulwa irhafu xa ihoxiswa kwaye iminikelo yerhafu emva kwerhafu ayifakwanga kwakhona, xa kukho iimeko ezithile.
Indlela yokuBhalisa kwi-TSP kunye nendlela yokufikelela kwi-akhawunti yakho kwi-intanethi
Ukubhalisa kwi-TSP kunokwenziwa kwifomu yephepha okanye inokwenziwa kwikhompyutha kwi-mypay.dfas.mil/mypay. Ukuba ungumqeshwa omtsha kwaye ungenayo i-akhawunti yam yePayPay eyasungulwa okwangoku, unokufumana ulwazi malunga ne-TSP kunye ne-TSP ngemali kwi-intanethi kwi-tsp.gov. Nalapho abathathi-nxaxheba bangakwazi ukuseka i-akhawunti ukulandelela ukusebenza kwe-TSP kunye ne-TSP iimali, kunye nokutshintsha utshintsho.
TSP Ukuxhaswa kweeNgxowa
Njengama-401 (k) amalungiselelo, abathathi-nxaxheba be-TSP banokufumana inkxaso enxulumene nokongeza kwabo. Umdlalo womqeshi ufana nje: xa unika iidola, umqeshi uyenjalo. Ifom ehambelana nayo iyinkimbinkimbi kodwa ke inomusa. Abasebenzi bakaRhulumente bafumana inxaxheba ngokuzenzekelayo yeepesenti ezi-1 zokuhlawula. Ukususela apho, iimali ezifanayo ziyakwamkelwa kwigalelo ukuya kuma-5 ekhulwini lokuhlawula. Nantsi indlela ifom yefom yeTSP isebenza ngayo:
- Igalelo lenkampani ye-1 yepesenti
- Umdlalo weDola-do-dollar kwi-3% yokuqala yeminikelo yomsebenzi
- Ama-50 engama dollar ngalinye kwii-2 ezilandelayo zeepesenti zabasebenzi
Ukwenza lula uhlobo lomdlalo we-TSP, umqeshwa karhulumente okanye ilungu lenkonzo yempi lingakwandisa umdlalo we-TSP ngokunikela ubuncinane ama-5 ekhulwini.
Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukulingana okuphezulu kwama-5 ekhulwini ukusuka kurhulumente. Ngoko ke, ukuba unika igalelo ubuncinane ama-5 ekhulwini lomvuzo wakho, uza kufumana enye imilinganiselo yeepesenti ezingama-5. Kwakhona, nje ngokuba abathathi-nxaxheba be-TSP abagqithisi i-IRC ubuninzi be-18,000 zamawaka ngonyaka, banokufaka isandla ngaphezu kwama-5 ekhulwini lomvuzo wabo. Umzekelo, ukuba unika ipesenti e-10 yomvuzo wakho, umdlalo wekarhulumente we-5 ekhulwini uza kuzisa igalelo lakho lemali kwi-15 epesenti, okuyiyona njongo efanelekileyo yokufikelela ukuqinisekisa ukulungiselela ukugcina umhlalaphantsi.
Qaphela umkhosi: Akukho mdlalo we-TSP kumalungu enkonzo ngoDisemba 31, 2017. Nangona kunjalo, amalungu enkonzo angena kwiNkqubo ye-Blended Retirement System (BRS) ngo-2018 aya kufumana ifom yangasentla. Amalungu eNkonzo angenayo ukungena kwi-BRS angakwazi ukufaka i-TSP kodwa akayi kufumana umdlalo.
Ukukhetha iifom zeTSP ezilungileyo kakhulu kuwe
Kukho izigqibo ezibini zokwenza xa ubhalisa kwi-TSP kunye nezicwangciso zomhlala-phantsi ezifanayo: 1) Uninzi kangakanani ufuna ukufaka isandla, kunye no-2) Indlela ofuna ukuyisebenzisa ngayo imali yokugcina imali yakho.
I-TSP inikezela ngemali emininzi yokukhetha kuyo:
- I-G Fund : Le ngxowa-mali inika imali kwiimali ezifutshane ze-US Treasury ezikhutshwe ngokukodwa kwi-TSP kunye nokukhethwa kotyalo olukhuselekileyo kwisicwangciso. Akukho mngcipheko wokulahlekelwa inqununu; nangona i-fund inikezela indlela yokufumana umdla onokuthi iqhubeke nexabiso lentengo. I-G Fund ingeniso-mali engagqibekanga kwi-TSP, oko kuthetha ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba be-TSP baya kufuneka bahambe kwi-TSP.gov batshintshe utyalo-mali. Oku kubalulekile kuba ulwabiwo lwepesenti ezili-100 kwi-G Fund ligcinwe kakhulu kubatyalimi abaninzi.
- I-Fund ye-F : Le ngxowa-mali inika imali kwiimbopheleleko kwaye ifuna ukulandelela i- Barclays Capital yase-US ehlangeneyo yeBond Index , ebandakanya i-market bond bond. , nangona kungekho rhoqo. Abatyalomali banokulindela ukunyuka kwexabiso elingaphandle kwexesha elide (iminyaka emininzi okanye ngaphezulu ngokwemyinge) kwiF Fund.
- Ingxowa yeC Fund : Le ngxowa-mali inika imali kwi-stocks kwaye i- S & P 500 Index yesikhwama , oku kuthetha ukuba ilandelelanisa ngokukhawuleza i- Index & Poors 500 Index , isalathisi esibanzi esimalunga ne-500 yezona nkampani ezinkulu kwi-market. I-C Fund ifanelekileyo kubatyalomali bexesha elide bafuna ukufumana iindleko ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokunyuka kwamaxabiso kwaye bazimisele ukubona ukuguqulwa kwexabiso le-akhawunti.
- I-S Fund : Le ngxowa-mali inika imali kwisitokhwe esincinci kunye nesikhombi sakwa-Dow Jones Ukuzaliswa kwe-Dow Jones yase-US Inani elipheleleyo le-Stock Market Index, equlethwe yiStocks hhayi kwi-S & P 500. Iinkampani ezincinci ziye zenza umngcipheko omkhulu kumarhwebo kodwa zivelise imbuyekezo ephezulu xa kuthelekiswa nesalathisi seS & P 500. Oku kuthetha ukuba iNgxowa-mali ye-S Fund ifanelekileyo kubarhwebi-mali bexesha elide kunye nokunyamezela kokunyamekela .
- I-Fund : Le ngxowa-mali inika imali kwiimpahla ezingezizo ze-US kunye neendlela zikaMorgan Stanley Capital eYurophu, e-Australasia, eMpuma Ekude (i- MSCI EAFE ) Index. Utyalo-mali lwamazwe ngamazwe lubeka umngcipheko kwezopolitiko kunye nobungozi bemali ngaphezu kwengozi yemarike ezayo kunye nokutshala imali. Nangona kunjalo, ukongeza izitokethi zamazwe ngamazwe kwipotifoliyo kunceda ngokungafani, oku nokuba nefuthe lokunciphisa ingozi jikelele.
- Iimali ze-L : Le mali iyimali yokujikeleza ubomi okanye yintoni ebizwa ngokuba yi- target target funds . I-TSP inikezela ngeemali ezi-5 ezihlukeneyo ze-L: L Imali, uL 2020, L 2030, L 2040 kunye ne-L 2050. Njengoko igama kunye neminyaka zibonisa, ii-Fund ze-L zenzelwe ukutyalombela ngokufanelekileyo abantu abatyalo-mali kufuphi nomhla wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi. Iimali ze-L zilawulwa ngokusemthethweni kwaye ziquka ukwabiwa kwe-TSP G, F, C kunye ne-S Fund. Njengoko umhla wokujoliswa kuwo ufikelela, abaphathi bezezimali baya kutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ixabiso lempahla yeengxowa-mali kwizabelo ezikhuselekileyo, ezifanelekileyo njengabatyalomali kufuphi nomhlalaphantsi. Ngamanye amaxesha iimali zokujikeleza ubomi zibizwa ngokuba "zibeke kwaye zilibale" iimali kuba umtyalo-mali unokukhetha enye imali kwaye akalokothi alawulwe imali yakhe kuze kube ngumhlalaphantsi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuba abatyali-mali bebenzisa i-L Fund, kuqikelele ukuzakhela iphothifoliyo yengxowa enye. Enyanisweni, ngeenjongo zokungafani, abanye abatyalo-mali bangakhetha ukutshala ipesenti zezinto zabo ze-TSP kwi-G, F, C, S kunye ne-Funds.
Ukufumana okungakumbi malunga nokwakhiwa kweepotfoliyo, jonga indlela yokwakha i-Portfolio ye-Mutual Funds .
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lichazwe ngokungeniswa njengeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.