Iintlobo zokuThengiswa kweeNgxowa-mali eziThengisiweyo (ETFs)

by UMark Kennedy

Ngenxa yokuba iimali zokuthengisa ezithengiswayo ziyaqhubeka zifumana ukuthandwa kunye nentsimbi yokuvala, ngokubanzi kunokwenzeka ukuba uluntu-mali lube neentlobo ezininzi ze-ETF zokulandelela. Nangona kunjalo, akusiyo yonke into Nento engalunganga. Ukuba ukhangele i-market ye-ETF yonke, unokubeka ngokubanzi ininzi yale mali yokutshala imali kwiintlobo ezidumileyo ze-ETF. Olu luhlu luya kunceda ukuqonda ukuba yeyiphi na imali efanelekileyo kakhulu eyenza ingqiqo enkulu kwisicwangciso sakho sokutyalomali.

01 United States Market Index ETFs

Ii-ETF zentengiso zihlala zilandelela inkcazo enkulu yeemarike kwaye zizinye ze-ETF ezinomsebenzi kwi-exchange exchange floor. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye ii-ETF zeemarike ezithatha iikhowudi eziphantsi kweendleko. Hlalani nikhumbula umnjongo we-ETF yemarike ukulandelelanisa i-index engezantsi, kungekudala. Umzekelo uza kuba yi- QQQQ elandela i-index ye-Nasdaq-100.

Funda ngakumbi malunga nee-ETF ze-Market

02 I-External Market Index ETFs

I-US ayilona lizwe elilodwa lokuba ne-ETF ye-market. Kukho ezininzi ze-ETF zangaphandle ezikhethiweyo ukuba ukhethe kuzo. Ukuba utyalo-mali ukhangele ukuhlaselwa ngamazwe ngamazwe okanye uhlasele umngcipheko wokutyalomali lwangaphandle, ilizwe okanye indawo ye-ETF ingaba yinto efanelekileyo. Imizekelo emibini yi- EWJ , elandela i-Japan Nikkei Index, kunye ne-EWG elandela i-Index ye-MSCI eJamani.

03 I-ETF yeeMali zangaphandle

Iimali ze-ETF zemali zangaphandle ziyimali ebanceda abatyali-mali ukuba bafumane ukufikelela kwiimali zangaphandle ngaphandle kokuba bazalise ukuthengiselana okunzima. Iimali ze-ETF zibonakala zilula izithuthi zotyalo-mali ezilandelelanisa imali yangaphandle, kufana nendlela i-ETF yemakethi elandelela ngayo i-index yayo. Kwezinye iimeko, olu hlobo lwe-ETF lulandelela ibhaskiti yee currenti, okuvumela ufikeleleli-mali ukuba afumane imali engaphezulu kweyodwa.

04 Icandelo le-ETF

Ii-ETF zoshishino ziintlobo ze-ETFs ezilandelelanayo inkcazo yecandelo emele imboni ethile. Bafezekile ekufumaneni iindawo ezithile zemarike ezinjengeemveliso zonyango ngaphandle kokuthenga i-plethora nganye yeenkampani. Esikhundleni salokho, kuthatha kuphela ukuthengiselana ukuthenga i-fund njenge- PowerShares Dynamic Pharmaceuticals ETF (PJP) kwaye ngokukhawuleza uzalise isicwangciso sakho se- ETF sokutyalo .

Funda kabanzi malunga ne-ETF ye-Industry

05 iimpahla ze-ETF

Iimpahla ze-ETF zifana nezimboni ze-ETF ekujoliswe kuzo kwindawo ethile kwimarike. Nangona kunjalo, xa uthenga i-ETF yexabiso, njengegolide okanye amandla , awuyi kuthengi imveliso leyo, i-ETF iqulethe iikhontrakthi ezithathayo ukuze ulandele ixabiso lempahla ephantsi. Ngoko ke, xa uthenga i- ETF yeoli , ngokwenene utyalomali kwioli ngaphandle kokumisa umgodi wezimayini kwireva lakho.

06 ETF ezenziwayo

Kukho iindidi ze-ETF ezingabandakanyi kwamalungelo. Kuqheleke kakhulu kwiimpahla ze-ETF zokuba ezinye iimali zenziwe ngeemvumelwano ezinokuvela njengexesha elizayo, phambili, kunye nezikhetho. Ngoxa iinjongo kukulandelelanisa imveliso yotyalo-mali, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufezekisa oku kwinqanaba le-ETF. Iimpahla kwi-fund zingabakho nkampani okanye ngamagosa, iimveliso ezivela kwimveliso.

07 Iimpawu ze ETF

Ezinye iindidi ze-ETF zilandelela isitalelo esithile sokutyalomali okanye i-capital capital (cap-cap, cap-small, cap-cap). Iimpawu ze-ETF zixhaphake kakhulu kwi-United States kwaye zikhoyo ekukhuleni kunye nexabiso lentengo ephuhliswe ngu-S & P / BARRA noRussell. Ngoko ke, ukuba unenjongo ethile yokutyalo-mali esekelwe kwisitampu se-market-cap, unokukwazi ukufikelela ekujoliswe kuyo kwi-ETF yesitayela njenge-SPDR Dow Jones Large Cap Value ETF (ELV) elandela iDow Jones US Large Cap Value Index.

Iimpawu ze-ETF, ii-ETF kunye nesitayela

08 Bond ETFs

Iintlobo ezininzi ezifumanekayo ze-ETF ziqhuba i-gamut, ukusuka kumazwe ngamazwe ukuya kurhulumente ukuya kubambiswano, ukubiza ezimbalwa. I-ETFs yeBond zinomsebenzi onzima xa kuziwa ekwakheni ngoba zilandelelanisa umkhiqizo otyalo-mali. Iibhonksi azisebenzi kwiimarike zesekondari kuba ngokuqhelekileyo zigcinwe ukukhula. Nangona kunjalo, ii-ETF zithengisa ngokuthe ngcembe iimveliso ezitshintshisayo. Ababoneleli be-ETF, njengoBarlaylay, baye benza umsebenzi wabo nge-ETF kunye ne-ETFs kwaye badale imali efanelekileyo ye-bond bond njenge-SPDR Capital Long Credit Bond ETF (LWC). lo mnikelo unikeza amathuba abatyala-mali kwiimarike ezibophekileyo ngelixa behlala benelungelo le-ETFs .

09 ETNs - Amanqaku okuThengiswa okuThengiswayo

Amanqaku athengiswayo atshintshwe ngabazalwana abancinci be-ETFs. Ngoxa bengenabo ngokwenene uhlobo lwe-ETF, kuba baninzi lwabo utyalo-mali, abantu baqhubeka bewafaka kwiintlobo ezinkulu ze-ETF.

I-ETN zikhutshwa yibhanki enkulu njengamanqaku amakhulu amatyala. Oku kwahluke kwi-ETF equkethe i-securities okanye izivumelwano zokufumana. Xa uthengisa i-ETN, ufumana ityala lokutsalwa kwetyala efana ne-bond. Ii-ETNs zixhaswa ngamabhanki aphezulu a matyala ukuze ziqwalaselwe njengemveliso ekhuselekileyo yotyalo-mali. Nangona kunjalo, amanqaku ayengekho ngokupheleleyo ingozi yemboleko.

10 ze-ETF ezingenanto

Xa imarike iqala ukugxotha, abatyali-mali bafuna ukufutshane. Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki ze-akhawunti zorhwebo zingenza loo mbambano. Imimandla ingavumelekanga ukuba loo nto ikhona ukuba umntu uthengisa utyalo-mali okanye ukuba kukho imingcipheko kwiakhawunti ethile ekuchaseni ukutyalomali oluthile. Faka ii-ETF ezingenanto, iimali ezidalwe ukudala isikhundla esifutshane xa uthenga i-ETF. Zineempendulo eziphambene nomgaqo we-index okanye i-asethi.

11 ETFs ezixhaswe

I-ETF ezixhasweyo yingxowa-mali enokubambisana kwaye zilungele kangcono isicwangciso se-ETF esiphezulu. Ukungaqondi kakuhle okokuba baya kuvelisa ukubuyiselwa kwembuyekezo yonyaka xa kuthiwa bayakhiwa ngenjongo yokudala ukubuyiswa kwemihla ngemihla kwii-index and assets. Nangona kunjalo, yinjongo, ayiyiyo yonke into. Ngako oko, ngaphambi kokuba ungeze ii-ETF ezixhomekeke kwi-portfolio yakho, yenza uphando olupheleleyo. Nazi ezinye iindawo ezilungileyo zokuqala.

12 I-ETF ilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo

Kwimfazwe eqhubekayo phakathi kwe-ETF kunye ne-Mutual Funds, kunokukho ulungelelaniso, ii-ETF ezilawulwayo. Ezi zinto zidibanisa zonke iinzuzo zombini kunye neengxowa-mali ezithengiswa ngemali kwi-asethi enye kunye nokuphelisa ezinye zezinto ezingalunganga. Ukuba unomdla, zihlolisise wena.

13 ETFs ezahlukileyo

Ezinye ze-ETF zijolise kumanqanaba ahlawula igalelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izabelo ze-ETF zilandelelanisa isalathisi sokwahlula kunye neempahla kwi-fund kunye nesalathisi ziquka uluhlu oluhlukileyo lwee-stocks. Kodwa ngezinye iimeko, iifowuni zezahlulo zihlanganiselwe ngamashishini-okanye iindawo zokuhlala.

I-ETFs eyahlulayo - Ukuhlawula iMida kwiPortfolio yakho

14 ETFs ezintsha

Ngenxa yokuba ii-ETF zifumana ukuthandwa kwimihla ngemihla, zikhona izinto ezintsha nangakumbi xa kuziwa kule micimbi yezolimo. Ezinye zeemali ezintsha kunye ezintsha ziquka ii-ETF ze-ETF , ii-ETF ze-Volatility , kunye nee-ETF ezikhethiweyo zerhafu. Ewe, ezi zimbini ziyi-tip of iceberg ye-ETF.

Izigaba ze-ETF zicacisa ubuninzi beentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-ETF kwilizwe lokutshala imali. Njengoko eli hlabathi liqhubeka likhula, kuya kuba njalo ukuhlukahluka. Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba ukuba ulungele ukuqala nge-ETF , uza kuba neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa .