Isikhokelo soMqalisi kwiNgcaciso yoMrhumo weMali

Funda ngeentlobo ezintathu zeeMpahla zeMali

Ukunikezelwa kweengxowa-mali zixhamla kwi-fund. Ngokungafani nenkampani nganye enokukhetha okanye ukuyigcina inzuzo okanye ukuyibuyisela kubanikazi abanini-mali ngefom yokwahlula okanye nge-shareback buy share, i-fundual fund iyadingeka ngumthetho ukudlulisela inzuzo kubalimi-mali, okanye kubani-zimali.

Khumbula: i-fund efanayo yokhuseleko oluvumela abatshali-mali ukuba bahlaziye i-capitali yabo ibe yipolfoliyo yezolimo .

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeengxowa-mali ezidibeneyo kunye neenjongo ezahlukeneyo kunye nefilosofi ezikhokelayo, kodwa ngamnye kufuneka adlulise inzuzo kuye kubatyalomali ngendlela yokwabiwa kwemali, kunye nokuba yeyiphi na yalezi ntlobo zokuhambisa ezintathu:

1. Izahlulo eziqhelekileyo
2. Izahlulelo ezifanelekileyo
3. I ngeniso

Ukwahlula phakathi kwezi ntlobo zokusasazwa kweengxowa-mali kubambisene, ngokukodwa kwiinjongo zerhafu. Makhe sijonge kwiindidi zokuhambisa.

1. Izahlulo eziqhelekileyo

Iingeniso eziqhelekileyo zimela imali engenayo yengxowa-mali engekho kwi-capital gain (bona inani le-3 elingezantsi ukufumana ulwazi oluthe xaxa malunga neenzuzo ezinkulu). Kwimali ehlangeneyo, ingeniso eqhelekileyo yintlawulo yenzalo ifunyenwe kwaye ihanjiswe kubatyalomali njengezabelo eziqhelekileyo. Iingeniso eziqhelekileyo kunye nezihlawulelo azifaneleki ukucaciswa kwezahlulelo ezifanelekileyo kwaye ngenxa yoko zihlawulwa irhafu yerhafu yengeniso .

2. Izahlulelo ezifanelekileyo

Ngokutsho kwencazelo ye-IRS, izabelo ezifanelekileyo zi:

"Iingeniso eziqhelekileyo ezifunyenweyo kwimivuzo yentlawulo eqala emva ko-2002 eziphantsi kwe-5% okanye i-20% yerhafu ephezulu yerhafu esetyenziswa kwinzuzo yemali."

Ukubeka nje, izabelo ezifanelekileyo zizahlulelo ezihlangabezana nemigangatho ethile yekhowudi yentlawulo yaseUnited States kwaye ke ixhomekeke kwerhafu efanelekileyo.

Esikhundleni sokuhlawulwa kwerhafu yerhafu yomntu ngamnye, uhlawulelo olufanelekileyo luhlawuliswa kwinto eyaziwa ngokuba yinani lentlawulo yexabiso lentlawulo enokuthi ifikelele kwi-20%. Ukuthelekisa iirhafu zerhafu eziqhelekileyo zerhafu yokufumana irhafu ngokumalunga neerhafu zerhafu zentlawulo , jonga ishati elandelayo:

Ireyithi yeNgeniso yeNgeniso yeNgeniso yeMali-mali	Ireyithi yokuHlalwa kweRhafu eqhelekileyo	Ireyithi yeRhafu yokuHlawuleka
10%	10%	0%
15%	15%	0%
25%	25%	15% -18.8% *
28%	28%	15% -18.8% *
33%	33%	15% -18.8% *
35%	35%	15% -18.8% *
39.6%	39.6%	20% -23.8% *

* Ezi ntlawulo zerhafu ezifanelekileyo zibonisa uluhlu ukwenzela ukuba zibandakanye irhafu yeNtlawulo yeNgeniso yeNtsalelo ye-Intanethi ye-3.8%, ukuba umtyalo-mali unokuxhomekeka ukuba i-Income Income Income Income (MAGI) ichitshiweyo ukuba ngaba ngaphezu komyinge ochaziweyo. Le rhafu iyaziwa ngokuba yi-Medicare surtax.

Ukuze isahlulo sibe njengesihlulo esifanelekileyo kunokuba isahlulo esiqhelekileyo, izahlulo mazihlawulwe yi-US corporation okanye iqumrhu elingaphandle elifanelekileyo kwaye i-fund efanayo ephethe i-stock pay-pay pay must have been equity for more than 60 days ngexesha leentsuku ezingama-121 eziqala iintsuku ezingama-60 phambi komhla wokuhlawula isahlulo sokuqala (umhla wokuqala emva kokubhengezwa kwesahlulo apho umthengi wesitokethi akayi kufumana intlawulo elandelayo.

Kunoko, umthengisi uya kufumana isabelo). Ngaphandle koko, isahlulo siya kuhlawulwa irhafu yerhafu yengeniso.

3. IiNtengo zeNtengo

Kwi-fund efanayo, inzuzo eyinkunzi yinzuzo eyenziwa ngokuthengisa ukhuseleko kwimpahla yalo. Le yinzuzo efanayo umntu otyalo-mali uza kwenza ukuba bathengise isitokethi ngasinye ngentengo ephakamileyo kuneyona nto eyayihlawulwa kuyo. Ukuba i-fund efanayo (engekho umtyalo-mali-mali) iye yabamba ukhuseleko iminyaka engaphezu konyaka, inzuzo evela kwintengiso iphathwa njengenzuzo yenkxaso-mali eninzi, ephantsi kohlobo lwe-20% yerhafu ye-share fund ( kwaye ilandele iirhafu ezifanelekileyo ezifanelekileyo njengegalelo elifanelekileyo). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba isitokethi siqhutyelwa kwipotifoliyo yesikhwama sokubambisana ngaphantsi konyaka, inzuzo eyenziwa ngokuthengisa i-stock izakuphathwa njengenzuzo yesikhashana-mali kwaye iza kuhlawulwa irhafu yengeniso yerhafu yengqali nje njengezabelo eziqhelekileyo.

Ulwabiwo kunye neCandelo leMpahla yokuThengwa kweMali

Xa kuziwa ekuthengeni iimali ezixhaswa kunye, iimpembelelo zerhafu zenkxaso-mali kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo. Inkohlakalo eyona yenziwa ngokubanzi kwi-investment fund yilezi zibizwa ngokuthi " ukuthenga-i-dividend ," oko kukuthi, ukuthenga izabelo zentengo yesigxina ngaphambi kokuba uhlawulelo lwabiwo-mali. Xa kuthengwa isahlulo, umtyalomali unembopheleleko yokuhlawula irhafu ekhoyo ngokusasazwa. Ukuba uceba utyalo-mali obuninzi kwi-akhawunti yakho ehlawulwayo, kufuneka uhlole ishedyuli yokusabalalisa imali kunye nokulungiswa kwesicwangciso sakho sokuthenga ngokufanelekileyo ukuphepha ukuthenga-ukwahlula.