Ukuba Uchitha imali ye-UTMA yabantwana bakho, mhlawumbi uphula uMthetho

Chukumisa ukuba iNgxowa-mali yeKholeji kwaye Unokuya eYayileni okanye ukuPhelelwa kwezeMali ngokutsha

Ngenxa yokubaluleka kokufundisa abantwana bakho ngemali , sichithe ixesha elininzi sithetha ngesihloko malunga neminyaka, ngokubhekiselele ekubhekiseleleni kwifomu ethandwayo kakhulu yokungathembeki, i-UTMA; ekubeni senze isipho semali nge-UTMA ukuhambisa izabelo zesitoktho phantsi kwemithetho ye-UTMA , sifikelele emngceleni wamanzi. Ndiye ndachaza, kuninzi ukutshatyalaliswa kwabazali abaninzi, awukwazi ukuhlawula isipho kumntwana ngenxa yokuba u-UTMA ibhaliwe kwii-50 .

Akukho nto ingayinayo intsimbi emva kokuba isheke lifakwe, izabelo zihanjiswe, okanye ukuthengiselana kweemali kubhalisiwe. Ngelishwa, abantu abaninzi abonakala bengayifumani imemo. Inkqubo yokuhlaziywa ibonakala iyilungiselelo kwithemba lokuba lisindisa omnye wenu ekwenzeni into enokuba yimpembelelo yokuphila eyenza inyembezi intsapho yakho ize iphele ngemali.

Izimo ze-UTMA ze-Hymotherapy apho Umzali angazama ukuchitha imali yoMntwana

Khawucinge ukuba uvula i-akhawunti yokulondoloza umntwana wakho kwibhankini yendawo, ubeke i-$ 10,000 kwithemba uya kusebenzisa ngalo ukuhlawula ikholeji. Ubeka igama lakhe kwi-akhawunti ngelixa linye libiza ngokuba ngumlondolozi, kungakhathazeki ukuba ucinge kakhulu ukuba, kuzo zonke iinjongo kunye neenjongo, iziko ngalinye lezemali elivumela ukuba lolu hlobo lwakhiwo lwetayitile njenge-"UTMA" akhawunti, umele "Utshintsho olufanayo kwi-Minors Act".

Ngeveki ezayo, uhlaselwa nge-bill yeyona nzulu ebangela ukuba usongelelanise; usenokufuneka uvakalise ukutyhafelwa ngaphandle kokuba ungasebenzisa into ethile. Ngentlanzi, ubuyela ebhanki, uhoxise i-$ 10,000 eyayibeka kwi-akhawunti yonyana wakho, kwaye uqaphele ukuba uyayifaka esikhundleni salo kamva. Ngaba oku kuvakalayo kunengqiqo kuwe?

Okanye ngolu hlobo: Umama wakho udlula kwaye ushiya intombi yakho eneminyaka emihlanu (umzukulwana wakhe) $ 150,000, ekuthiwa ungumgcini-mlandeli kwi-akhawunti ye-brokerage eyayisungula, eneenkcukacha ze- blue-stocks ezifana ne-Coca-Cola, i-Colgate-Palmolive , UJohnson & Johnson, uHershey, kunye noM Procter & Gamble. Xa intombi yakho ineminyaka elishumi elinesithathu ubudala, iphula umlenze wayo kwingozi yemidlalo ngelixa ungasebenzi kwaye ungenayo inshuwalense yezempilo. Uya kugqiba ukurhoxisa iikhilomitha ezimbalwa zeedola ukuhlawula iindleko zonyango kwi-akhawunti yakhe. Ngaba oku kuvakalayo kunengqiqo kuwe?

Ekugqibeleni, umzalwana wakho uzimisele ukunika unyana wakho (umntakwabo) isheke kwi-R1 000 nganye yeKrisimesi ukukunceda ukuhlawula ikholeji. Ikhonkco yenziwa "[Igama lakho] njengomgcini wegama [lomninawa]". Ubeka imali kwiakhawunti yakho yokutshekisha, ungacingi nantoni na ngaphandle kokubala kwe-envelope yokubala ukuze ufumane ingcamango efanelekileyo yezinto ezifunekayo. Kule minyaka, umzalwana wakho ukunika i-18,000 yezigidi. Xa inkwenkwe yakho ifika kumntu omdala, ucela imali yakhe. Unayo i-$ 7,000 kwi-akhawunti yakho yokutshekisha kwaye uthi kuye, "Sasilisebenzisa kwiintsapho ngaphaya kweminyaka, kodwa nantsi into endikunika yona ...", ukubhala isheke encinci.

Ngaba oku kuvakalayo kunengqiqo kuwe?

Ukuba kunjalo, vuyisana nobomi bakho obutsha bobugebengu. Uphule umthetho ngendlela ephawulekayo, kwaye inzulu. Kwinkqubo, uvulekele kuzo zonke izinto ezivela ekutshutshisweni kobugebengu kumacala omthetho angabangela ukubuyiselwa kwemali oyithathileyo, ukuhlawulwa kweengeniso-mali ezingaphambili ezifunekayo ezifunekayo eziye zaveliswa, iirhafu zegqwetha kunye nezinye iindleko ezinokuthi mhlawumbi ziza kuba ziphezulu ngaphezu kwemali oyisebenzisileyo. Oku kudla ngokumangalisa kulabo abangazange bakhulise kwiintsapho ezizintlu okanye ezizimeleyo; abangayiqondi uhlobo lobunikazi njengoko kubhekisela kubantwana baseMelika, ilizwe apho imali yabantwana engekho yabazali okanye abagcini.

Isizathu sokuba i-UTMA Yakho Impahla ikhuselwe kuwe

Ngokukodwa, izinto ezimbini zenzekile umzuzwana wezinto eziphathwe phantsi komthetho we-UTMA kwimeko apho umnikeli owaziyo okanye isigxina-azikhethileyo ukulawula ukuhanjiswa:

1. Yaba isipho esinikezwe ngokukhawuleza, esingenakuguquka. Akunjalo wena nawuphi na umnikeli onokuthatha imali egcinwe kwi-UTMA emva kwesizathu (oko kuyinyani nokuba umntwana uyafa ngenxa yokuba iimali ze-UTMA ziyingxenye yefa yabo yeengxaki kwaye kufuneka zilungiswe ngokufanelekileyo!). Enyanisweni, iimali kufuneka zihanjiswe kumntwana ngexesha lokukhula, ezinokuthi zichazwe ngexesha lesipho ukuya kwixesha elide okanye mhlawumbi zingagqibekanga kumthetho welizwe (18 kwiindawo ezimbalwa, 21 malunga onke amazwe, 25 kwiindawo ezimbalwa). Akunandaba nokuba ucinga ukuba imali ibeninzi kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngayo; ingaba baceba ukuthatha iikholeji zabo baze bahambe baye eLas Vegas ukuba badlale yonke into, akunakukhetha. Kukho ngaphaya kolawulo lwakho okanye impembelelo. Nantoni na oyenzayo ukubenza bayeke ukubeka izandla kwi-capital, baya kukubeka emanzini atshisayo njengoko imali iyonke, ngokungathandabuzekiyo. Musa ukucinga malunga nokuzama ukuwudlulisela kwenye i-akhawunti ngenxa yokuba umgwebo wodwa uya kuwujika ube ngowona, ukuba kungekhona, iiphoso ezibiza kakhulu kwixesha lakho lobomi. Awuyi kuphumelela oku. Kuya kuphelisa inhlekelele kuwe.
2. Njengomgcini we-akhawunti, unetyala elibizwa ngokuba ngumsebenzi wokunyaniseka kwonyana wakho okanye intombi yakho, ukuba usebenzise kuphela imali enomdla wakhe (ongenakuzibandakanya izinto ezijongene nomsebenzi wakho wokubonelela njengomzali, nokuba ngaba kuyimfuneko), utyalomali ngendlela ehambelana nomthetho wobulumko . Njengengxenye yale mbopheleleko yokugcina, kufuneka ukuba ugcine iirekhodi zengxelo egciniweyo, phantsi kwe penny, yonke imali yokungena okanye ngaphandle kwe-akhawunti. Ukuba umntwana uyayicela - nangamashumi eminyaka emva kokuqala ukusekwa (njengokuba kunjalo njalo kwiintsana okanye abantwana abancinci abanesitokisini) - kwaye awukunikezeli, uya kunyanzeliswa yinkundla ukuyivelisa . Ukuba awukwazi, uya kuba nexesha elibi kakhulu.

Uya kucinga ukuba oku kuya kubonakala ngokuthe ngqo. Akunzima ukuqonda kodwa ndibona umzali emva komzali, ilungu losapho emva kokuba ilungu lentsapho lithetha ngokungekho nto, kaninzi ngokuqinisekisiwe, ukuba ngokugqibeleleyo kumalungelo abo okuchitha imali yomntwana, ukulungisa utshintsho oludlulileyo, okanye ngandlel umntwana ekungeneni inqununu ye-UTMA, engayiqapheli into yokuba benza kakubi ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwaye basecaleni elingalunganga lomthetho. Le ngcaciso engafanelekanga iphinda iphindwe kwiifom zangasese zemali ngokungazi iipowusta ezingayazi indlela imithetho isebenza ngayo. Ngokomzekelo, ndandisandula ukubona umntu etshela umzali oye wathola ithengelo egameni lomntwana lowo umniki-mali angenako ukunyanzelisa umzali ukuba alandele imithetho ye-UTMA nangona iitsheki zenziwa kubo kwisimo somgcini, ziqatha nje. Ngokufaka imali yokuhlola, umzali uyavuma, ngokungazi okanye engazi, ukuthatha uxanduva kunye namatyala okugcina. Umnikeli okanye umntwana angabuya ngokulula kwaye amangalele umzali. Umzali uya kulahleka. Ngokufanayo, ndibone abantu bethetha, "Dlulisa imali ye-UTMA kwi-529 rhoqo", engekho mthethweni ngenxa yokuba imali ye -UTMA ingowomntwana ; akusiyo imali yabazali ukufaka kwi-akhawunti enomntwana njengomzuzi. Ukuba umntwana uthatha isigqibo sokukubopha, uya kulahleka . Kutheni uvulekele kulolu hlobo lwemfanelo?

Umthetho weNkundla ugcwele iMithetho eLawulayo Umzali okhutshwa ngumntwana omdala kwaye uyalondoloza imali yokugcina imali kunye / okanye uya ejele ngenxa yokuchitha imali ye-UTMA Imali

Ukuba ufuna i-motivation yokwenza into efanelekileyo, umyalelo wecala ugcwele ngokwaneleyo ukuthumela amanzi e-ice ngeemvini zakho.

Khangela kwi- Whitman v. Whitman ngo-2012 ukusuka kwinkundla yokubhenela e-Ohio. Ummeli onikwe ilayisenisi ukuseta ii-akhawunti ezininzi, kubandakanywa nekholeji, kwonyana wakhe. Xa unyana wakhe waya kuwusebenzisa kwaye wayengenakukwazi ukuba yintoni enye imali, wayemangalela uyise ongakhange alahleke kuphela, kodwa wafumana ukungabi nantoni yokukhutshwa ejele ngenxa yokudelelwa.

Khangela kwimeko kaCarlson v. I-Wells ngo-2011 evela kwiNkundla ePhakamileyo yaseVirginia apho abantwana baseCarlson baxela uyise kunye nomalume wabo emva kokuba ababenqwenela ukunika ingxelo malunga nezimali ze-UTMA ezazisetyenziselwa. Inkundla yaphela ekufumaneni ukuba uyise wayesebenzisa imali ethile, ecatshulwa kwisitokethi seenqwelo zeenqwelo zomoya kunye nabanye abaninzi, kwaye wadibanisa i-akhawunti yakhe kwi-akhawunti yakhe ye-Vanguard Health Care. Ukongezelela ekubuyiselweni kwakhe imali, kwaze kwafuneka ahlawule iibhokhwe zakhe zezomthetho ngaphezulu kwakhe!

Khangela le meko evela eNyakatho Carolina, apho indoda inikwe imali evela kwimali yokuthengiswa kweshishini lentsapho kumzukulwana wayo, ibiza igama layo njengendoda. Unyana wasebenzisa enye yemali ukuhlawula iindleko zezonyango kunye neentlobo zonyango, phakathi kwezinye izinto. Xa intombi yakhe yammangalela ngokukhawuleza iakhawunti zayo, yalahleka ngenxa yokuba kuthathwa njengomsebenzi womzali ukuhlawula ezo zinto njengengxaki yokuxhasa abantwana; akukho xanduva lomncinci ukulufaka. Walawulwa ukuba abuyisele intlawulo, kunye nexabiso lentlawulo yengeniso intombazana ebeyayiyifumana phantsi kwimeko edibeneyo , kunye nayo yonke imirhumo yakhe yomthetho. Ukongezelela, wasuswa njengomkhuseli ngenxa yokukhangela kwakhe.

Enye ityala, iHoffenblum v. Hoffenblum eMichigan, yafumanisa nokuba ubaba wayeseyiphutha xa ethembele kumcebisi wezezimali, owamcebisa ukuba asuse i-$ 18,305,43 kwizinto ze-UTMA zabantwana bakhe ukuze abuyisele iindleko zabo zonyango, esithi, njengenye inkundla, kwakuyimfanelo yakhe njengotata ukulungiselela izidingo zempilo yengane; ukuba umcebisi wezemali wayengalunganga.

Kuye kwaye kuya kuso, ityala emva kwimeko. Ngexesha elizayo xa uva umntu uthi akuyona into enkulu, okanye kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba umntwana, umntakwabo, umntakwabo, okanye omnye ilungu lentsapho elikuthandayo, ungayithengi. Ngaba uzimisele ngokwenene ukujamelana nesohlwayo esisemthethweni esingasula imali yokugcina imali yakho, ukuba ungakulahli ukuba ungene kwi-bankruptcy, kunye ne-court protracted battle you have no hope of winning giving you how inappropriate your actions are under the rules , konke ukufikelela kwimali ethile engekho kuwe nangona uvakalelwa ngathi (ukuziphatha)? Kuyingozi ingozi ukuthatha. Ungabi sisidenge. Musa ukuchitha imali yomntwana. Musa ukuzithela ngeyakho. Gcina iirekhodi ezigqibeleleyo. Ngosuku lwabo lokuzalwa olufanelekileyo, khawuleza ujike ngaphandle kokucelwa. Nantoni na enye kwaye ubeka ingozi yabo ekufumaneni amalungelo abo-into elula ukuyenza kwihlabathi lokufikelela kwi-intanethi, ngokungafaniyo, bathi, ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1980 - ukuze banokususa ngokufowunela kummeli. Oku kunokumemeza kuwe, kodwa ndenza oku ngenxa yakho ; ukukwazisa ngokucacileyo umngcipheko osebenzayo ukwenzela ukuba ukuba uqhube uphinde uthathe kwintsapho yakho, nokuba ucinga ukuba unomdla wabo, unganakutsho ukuba awunakucetyiswa.