Imirhumo emibini kwiSahlulo kunye neNgcakalisi yokuKhusela iNgxowankulu nje ngezinye izibango ezongezelelweyo
Mhlawumbi kuqondakala. Yintoni enye enokuyilindela xa udibanisa imarike yeminyaka emithandathu enamandla kunazo zonke kwimbali yaseMerika ngemali efumanekayo ngemali efumanekayo kwixabiso? Nangona kunjalo, ungawa phantsi kwayo! Enyanisweni, vumela ukuba ndibe ngongqineli kwinqanaba lokuba kukugxeke: Ngaphandle kweemeko ezimbalwa apho abanamava amaninzi, abaceli-mali abakhuselekileyo bezemali baxhamla kumaxesha amancinci phantsi kweemeko ezincinci, ukuba uthengela amasheya emgama, uhlala mhlawumbi i-idiot. Unokulahlekelwa yimali kwaye uya kulungela ukulahlekelwa yimali. Hamb 'umshiye.
Oku kungathi kunzima kodwa ndifuna ukuba uqonde ngokupheleleyo iingozi ezongezelelweyo ozifakayo xa ususa ixabiso elincinci lemali-mboleko kwi- portfolio yakho. Ngokuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, ndinokupenda umfanekiso ocacileyo wendlela engalunganga ngayo ukuba unquma ukwenza imali mboleko kwi-portfolio yakho ekhoyo, uboleka imali ongenayo kwi-broker yakho.
Ngaloo ndlela, awuyi kubanjwa xa uvuka ukufumana izinto ezingakhange zisebenze ngendlela ozilindele ngayo okanye othembekileyo. Ingakugcina iminyaka yomzabalazo kunye neentlungu zokuzama ukulungisa iimpazamo ozizisele zona kwaye, mhlawumbi, nangomhla wenkundla yebhanki.
1. Xa Uthenga Amasheya kuMgama, uMthengisi wakho unokubiza umnini-mboleko ngexesha nawuphi na ixesha, ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa, nayiphi na isizathu, kungakhathaliseki ukuba iziphumo kuni
Ngamanye amaxesha le ngcamango ephosakeleyo kukuba xa uhlawula izilinganisi zakho, unesipesenti esithile sokulingana, okanye unamathela kwiimpahla ezithile, umbolekisi-kule ngxaki, umthengisi wakho - akayi kukulimaza ngokukhawuleza, ukuba akayi kuthutha, ukubiza yonke into ngenxa yexesha elibi kakhulu.
Ukucinga okunqwenelekayo kwaye kaninzi kuboniswa ngabangakhange baphile ngaluphi na uxinzelelo lwezoqoqosho okanye lube nemali enkulu emngciphekweni ngexesha lokutshintsha okukhulu. Umthengi wakho unakho kwaye uya kubiza i-debt margin yakho nanini na, nangona kunjalo, ufuna. Ubume bakho bezemali, imbali edlulileyo, iimfuno, okanye ukwaneliseka kwabaxhasi kuninzi kakhulu ekuthathweni kwesigqibo. Akunakudinga ukuba akuxwayise, nokuba. Awunelungelo lokufownela umnxeba okanye ithuba lokwenza idiphozithi yokulingana ukuhlawula ibhalansi; inokungena kuyo, ukuhlawula iibhendi zakho, nokudala zonke iintlobo zemiphumo yerhafu engathandekiyo okanye ilahleko ezingapheliyo ongenakuzifumana ukuze ufumane izandla zabo ngemali. Awunakho uhambo. Akukho khuselo. Akukho nto ongayenza ngayo ngenxa yokuba uvumelene nayo xa ufake isicelo samalungelo e-marginal kwindawo yokuqala.
Mhlawumbi ayithandi into ebonwe ngummeli kwiprofayili yakho yeekhredithi (ewe, ukuba ufunda ukushicilelwa okulungileyo kwesivumelwano se-akhawunti osayinele xa usungula ulwalamano, iqumrhu lakho lomrhweba unelungelo lokusebenzisa amanqaku akho ekwereta xa ukwandisa umgama mboleko, kuquka ukujonga umsebenzi wakho ngezikhathi ezithile).
Mhlawumbi kukungxaki yezemali kwaye ufuna ukukhawulela ibhajethi yayo , engenakho okanye engafuni ukuboleka. Mhlawumbi kuqhutywa ngabantu abanobuqili nabasetyhini abacinga ukuba imarike ikhulu kakhulu kwaye abafuni ukudala ingozi yekhredithi kubanini bezobambiso zenkampani yokuthengisa. Akukho mfuneko yokuba ube nesingeniso okanye isizathu, ukuhlawula ngokukhawuleza kuhlala kusetafile nokuba uyayithanda okanye awuyi.
Ukuba uboleka imali kwi-margin, lungela zonke iimpahla ozibamba kwi-akhawunti ye-brokerage ukuba ube kwibloko yokuqhawula. Kuzo zonke iinjongo kunye neenjongo, umema umntu ukuba abambisane nawe kwaye abanike ulawulo lokulawulwa kwexesha xa, buninzi kangakanani, kwaye phantsi kweziphi iimeko eziqinisekisiweyo eziqinisekileyo.
2. Xa uthenga i-Stocks kwi-Marginal, Unokuzifumana kwiNkundla yeBhanki
Isilinganisi semali esikwi-Marginal sinamatyala okwenene; yonke into eyinyani njengoko iya ebhankini kwaye isayina kumgca we-mortgage, ithawula ikhadi lesikweletu, okanye ithathe umboleko wesikolo .
Ngenxa yokungenakudalwa kwemali-mboleko emitsha engadalwa phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha abatyali-mali bahluleka ukuphatha lamatyala ngenhlonipho abafanelwe ngayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uhlale uhlawula imali ekuhlawuleleni ngokupheleleyo ibhalansi yeimeko ezimbi kakhulu; zifumaneka ngokukhawuleza, zihleli ebhankini. Oku akusikho isiphakamiso, ngumyalelo. Ukugqithisa ngokutsha kwakho.
Kukho izizathu ezintathu zokuba uya kuvuya xa ulandela le polisi ngeenkolelo zenkolo.
Okokuqala: Iinkampani ziya kuphazamiseka okanye zifumana ukuphazamiseka kwengqesho ngokusisigxina ngenxa yexesha lobuqhetseba ngenxa yobuqhetseba, utshintsho olusesikweni kwishishini, ukhuphiswano, ukutshintshwa kwezopolitiko, okanye nayiphina inamba yezizathu. Umzekeliso obalaseleyo uvela kwiqumrhu elibizwa ngokuba yi-GT Advanced Technologies, endiyihlolisayo kwiblogi yam. Abaninzi "abatyalo-mali" - ababethetha ngokwenene njengoko bengazange bafike ngaphaya kwenkcazo efunekayo yokutyalo-mali njengoko kwabekwa nguGenjamin Graham ekhulwini le-19 ekusebenziseni kwakhe uhlalutyo loKhuseleko kunye noMtyalomali oPhezulu- kuphela nje ukubeka iipesenti ezingenakutyala inkunzi ebhizinisini becinga ukuba baya kuzuza isityebi ukuba babe neyakhe, kodwa baqhutywe ngengozi ngokufumana ukhetho lweefowuni kunye nokuthenga isitokhwe esifanayo kwimida. Esinye seziganeko ezimbi kunazo zonke ndibonayo yipowusta elahlekelwe ngama-dollar ayi-750,000 kwisitokhi kunye ne-140,000 yeeyunithi ezikhethiweyo ezikhethiweyo kwisitokisi. Ngethuba lonke lihlambulukile, wayenomlinganiselo obhalisiweyo wokuhlawula amatyala e-$ 107,000 ebenetyala kwi-firm firm. Kwathatha iminyaka eyi-15 yokulondolozwa kwakhe kanzima kwaye wamshiya umngxuma oya kufuna ukuba ikhonkco enkulu okanye isibheno kwinceba kwinkundla yebhanki. Yintlekele. Nangona wayenembopheleleko ngokupheleleyo kuyo, intliziyo yam iphulaphule yena nentsapho yakhe. Iindaba ezilungileyo: Wayemncinci kwaye uyaphumelela ngoko, ngokuqeqesha kunye nobulumko, kufuneka akwazi ukuvuselela umhlala-phantsi.
Okwesibini: Ukuphazamiseka kweemarike, ukufuduka, ukunyaniseka, kunye nokuthungeka, kunokukwenza, kwaye kuya kwenzeka ngezinga eliqhelekileyo nangona kungenakukwazi kwakho okanye iingcali ukuba uzibikezele kwangaphambili. Kukho amaxesha kumbali yaseMelika xa amabhizinisi amaninzi kakhulu - amafemu afana neCoca-Cola Inkampani-athengise ngokusondeleyo, okanye, ngaphantsi kwexabiso lemali ebenayo ebhankini ngenxa yemfuno yabanini-zimpahla ukulahla ubunini babo ngokukhawuleza njengoko banako ukuphakamisa nayiphi na imali ukuze bakwazi ukulahlekelwa yindlu yabo, ifama yabo okanye enye impahla yabo. Cishe akukho mntu wabona 1973-1974 eza. Bambalwa babona 1929-1933 beza. Akunandaba nokuba iCoke ixabisa ngaphezu kwe-R40 i-share share in value intrinsic kwi -investor-long-investable , eli noxabiso leemalike nge-10 ezayo ngomso. Kufuneka ube nezixhobo zombini kunye nekhono lomthetho lokugcina ubunikazi ngeli xesha elimnyama (okokuba, ukuba unengqiqo kwaye unako imali eninzi yeekheshi kunye nokuhamba kwemali, kunokumangalisa ukufumana amathuba okufumana ithuba lokufumana zicebile). Njengomnye udumi wezoqoqosho owaziwayo, "Amakethi angabinako ukungaqondakali kunokuba ungakwazi ukuhlala usombululo". Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa ukuba umthendeleko wokubambisa kwetyala lomdala usebenza nxamnye nawe.
Ukuba nomphumo wokubambisa unamandla. Akukho ngaphandle kwesiqhelo kwimarike yemasheya ukuguqulwa ngamanqaku angama-33% kwiminyaka embalwa embalwa. Nokuba i-modicum ye-debt margin ingayiguqula loo nto ibe yi-call call. Kwaye ungacingi ukuba uya kuba nethuba lokuthengisa ngendlela, mhlawumbi. Iphutha lomqali wokuqala ukucinga ukuba kwisitokethi ukuhamba ukusuka kwi-100 100 isabelo ngasinye kwi-20 ye-share share, kwafuneka ifake i-$ 99- $ 21 ecaleni kwendlela. Akusiyo indlela esebenza ngayo. Yithenda yesikhathi sangempela; njengoko iingcali zihlala zikhumbuza amaxabiso, ixabiso lingahamba ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwiPalati A ukuya kwiPawulo B ngaphandle kokushaya naphi na phakathi kwababini. Ngaphandle koko, imarike yemasheya ingavimba ngokupheleleyo ukuze ungakwazi ukuphakamisa umbane nangona kufuneka. Ngamanye amagama, ungeke ube nethuba lokuthengisa iziqinisekiso zokuhlawula ityala lomda. Uya kufuneka uyikhuphe konke ephaketheni lakho ngokuyixhuma kwibhanki yendawo kwi-broker ngokufunwa.
Ukuba awunayo, i-credit yakho iya kutshabalalisa. Ngokukhawuleza, ngokubonga kwimithetho engapheliyo yonke, unokubona yonke into evela kwii-inshurensi zama-inshurensi yabanini kwiakhadi yakho yemali yamatyala ekhredithi ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ufanele uqhube i-deposit deposit kwiinkampani zakho zokusebenza. Musa ukubeka umngcipheko kumgca wokuhamba kunye nokujikeleza kwemali osebenzayo ngokumelene nawe kuba unokukhawuleza ukufumana ubutyebi!
3. Xa uthenge iSitishi kwiMargin, Unako ukuhlawula iintlawulo eziphezulu kwiNkcazo yakho yoLwazi
Khawucinge ukuba uthengela amasheya angamaRandi ayi-100 000 amaRoyal Dutch Shell kwimida. Kufuneka uqokelele i-$ 6,500 ngonyaka ngonyaka kwingeniso yegalelo kwi-dividends rate share share. Ukuba uthenge i-stock ngokuthe ngqo, ezo ntlawulo zaza kuthi ekugqibeleni zibalwe njenge "izabelo ezifanelekileyo", oko kuthetha ukuba uza kuhlawula ixabiso lentlawulo ephantsi kakhulu, ngokubanzi ukususela kwi-0% ukuya kwi-23.8% (kuquka i-Saffordable Health Act, abafumana imali) kwizinga likaRhulumente. Kunoko, kunethuba elihle umthengisi wakho uza kuthatha isitokethi kwi-akhawunti yakho kwaye uyimboleke kuma-short-sellers-awunakukwazi malunga nayo okanye okanye uqaphele-ukukhangela imali engenayo ngokwakho. Xa isahlulo sihlawulwa kwisitokisini, awuyiyo, ngokwenene, eyakho nangona ibonakala ngathi wenze kwi- akhawunti ye-brokerage . Kunoko, unikezwa "intlawulo kwindawo yezabelo" ezilinganayo kwizabelo omele ufumane ngazo.
Ingxaki? Lezo ntlawulo kwiindawo ezihlawulwayo zihlawuliswa kwizinga lakho lokuhlawula irhafu yengeniso, elingathi phantse kabini phezulu! Kwiibhalansi zeepotfoliyo ezinkulu, oku kuqala ukumela imali yangempela.
4. Xa uthengisa i-Stock kwi-Margin, Unokubangela iMali yokuThola iMali enkulu kwiiNdidi ezithile zeeMpahla ezifana noTitshala oManyeneyo kunye nokuba awuyi kufeza ukuTshintshana
Iintsebenziswano ezincinci zintsebenziswano zincinci zethengiselwano zikarhulumente eziziimpawu zerhafu ezikhethekileyo kwaye azifanelekanga kubatyalomali abaninzi. Nangona kungaphezulu kwendawo yokuxoxa kule nqaku, kunelungelo lokuthi xa uthengela iimfuno ze-MLP nge-akhawunti yomthengiso we-margin (ngokuchasene ne-akhawunti ye-brokerage engenayo i-margin capacity), phantsi kweengongoma zeemeko ngokupheleleyo lolawulo lwakho, umthengisi wakho unokungabonakali ngethuba apho i-IRS ibona isikhundla sakho sithengisiwe, ekubangela ukuba uhlawule ixabiso lentengo enkulu ngaphandle kokungathengi nantoni na. Ukuba ufike ngemali eninzi kurhulumente xa ungakhange uhlawule isithuba kunokunciphisa kakhulu imbuyekezo yakho njengoko ulahlekelwa yintlawulo yokuxhamla irhafu .
Xa Kuchanekile Ukusebenzisa Amatyala Omdaka kwi-Akhawunti Yomrhweba
Ngokomntu, ndicinga ukuba i-balance balance ye-akhawunti ayifanele idlule ngaphezu kwe-5% yexabiso lemarike kwaye ke ngoko, ifunyenwe kuphela kwiimfuno ze-flow flow time (umzekelo, ubeka imali eyongezelelweyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kodwa ufuna ukwenza kuthengwa namhlanje). Enye indlela engcono, kwimbono yam, umgca weengxowa-mboleko kunye nebhanki yakho yasekuhlaleni; umgca wekhredithi unokuyibamba ngokwengqiqo yakho, ukuguqula umboleko wezinga elimisiweyo, kwaye oko akunako ukukhawuleza ukuchithwa kokuzibandakanya kokubambisa kwexesha lakho elingenakucala xa ibhanki ingenalo igunya phezu kwe-akhawunti ye-brokerage. Enye inxaxheba kukuhlukanisa i-akhawunti yakho ye-akhawunti ye-Treasury yase-US kwi-akhawunti yakhe egunyazisiweyo, ugcine ii-stocks, ii-MLP, njl, kwi-akhawunti engekho ye-margin, kwaye uthethe, mhlawumbi, malunga ne-30% yexabiso lemarike Nondyebo. Kukho umngcipheko, kodwa zonke izinto ziqwalaselwe, ziyancitshiswa.