Inyaniso kukuba ukubiwa kwezobuniko akukona nje ukuba imali yomntu okanye i-asethi-ngokuphathelele ukweba igama kunye nedumela. Ubusela besazisi ubugebengu obukhula ngokukhawuleza eUnited States, ukuxabisa amaMelika ngaphezu kweedola ezigidi ezingama-50 kwiimirhumo zobuqhetseba kunye nokuchaphazela abantu abayizigidi ezili-8 ngonyaka.
Ulwabi loBuphi na Usebenza njani?
Ubusela bokuba ngumntu omnye uthatha ulwazi oluthetha ngalo umntu -inombolo yokhuseleko loluntu, ilayisenisi yokuqhuba, isitifiketi sokuzalwa, njl. Ilisela ke isebenzisa olu lwazi ukuseka i-akhawunti yeebhanki, ukuboleka imali, ukufaka isicelo semisebenzi, okanye ukwenza enye inkohliso senza kwigama lexhoba, okanye ukusebenzisa i-akhawunti okwangoku ixhoba ekuthengeni iimpahla okanye iinkonzo.
Iimiphumo zokuba ulwaphulo luba lukhulu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ixhoba lishiywe ngetyala elikhulu kwaye linokukhishwa umsebenzi, iimali-mboleko zendlu okanye imoto, kwaye i-credit rating yonakaliswe ngokungenakwenzeka.
Leyo ayiyona indlela efanelekileyo yokuqala into ekufuneka ibe yinto yokuqala yobomi obutsha emva kokufumana imfundo yekholeji.
Kutheni abafundi beKholeji baxhatshazwa ngokukodwa
Ukuze isela libize umntu, kufuneka baqale bafumane ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukuba "babe" ngomnye umntu, ubuncinane emehlweni eemali zokuboleka kunye nezinye iinkampani zemali.
Kulula kangakanani lo msebenzi kuxhomekeke ekubeni umntu uqaphele njani ngokukhusela ulwazi lwakhe lomntu.
Ingaphezulu kwesiqingatha sabo bonke abafundi beekholeji bafumana amanqaku amaninzi afunyenwe ngetyala ngonyaka. Ezi fom ze-mass-form, eziqhelekileyo zizaliswe ngcaciso yolwamkelekileyo njengegama, idilesi kunye nolunye ulwazi lomntu luyithuba elihle lokuba umntu. Ukuba ummkeli akakunomdla kulo mboniso kwaye umane uyiphonsa ifomu, enye yeefayili eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswe ngamasela. Ngokukhetha i-offer out of the can, isela lingagcwalisa zonke iibhola kwaye lizithumele okanye zifake umnxeba wenombolo yefowuni engenakho ifumaneka kwifom, ebenza ukuba bafikelele kufinyelelo olukhawulezileyo kwinkalo enye yobume bexhoba .
Enye indlela apho ulwaphulo lwenzeka khona xa amasela efumana izandla kwi-akhawunti yebhanki yolwazi, njengokwenza ingxelo yokujonga okanye yokugcina ingxelo. Nabani na ongenakulinganisa i-akhawunti yakhe engozini yokufaka iindleko zobuqhetseba, ngenxa yokuba abagcinanga umkhondo weentlawulo zamatyala ezisemthethweni. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, isela liba ngokukrazula imali ngokunyuka okuncinci - okwaneleyo ukuba kuvele njengephutha eligqithisayo kumntu ongapheliyo kodwa okwaneleyo ukwakha kwisixa esikhulu.
Enye ingozi kubafundi beekholeji yiNombolo yabo yoKhuselo loLuntu. Iikholeji ezininzi zeekholeji zifuna umfundi ukuba asebenzise iNombolo yoKhuseleko loLuntu ukuze angene kwiiwebhusayithi ezisetyenziselwa ukuthumela izabelo zasekhaya kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokunxibelelana. Iyunivesiti ingasebenzisa le nombolo njengenombolo yokuchonga kwiofisi yolawulo.
Kulula kakhulu ukulibala ukulumkisa xa usebenzisa iNombolo yoKhuseleko loLuntu, ngakumbi xa isetyenziswe rhoqo. Ukukhuseleka kwekhompyutheni ye-Lax okanye into elula njengoluphulo-mthetho ukujonga umfundi engena kwinombolo evumela ukuba isela lingakwazi ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwinombolo yeNgcaciso yeNtlalo, eyona nto isitshixo ekufumaneni ulwazi olongezelelweyo malunga nomntu ngamnye.
Abafundi abaninzi basebenzisa iikhompyutheni imihla ngemihla eklasini ukuba bathathe amanqaku baze bahlele amaphepha ekhosi. Kodwa kuthekani ukuba loo khomputha ibiwe?
Yintoni isela lingayifumana ngaphakathi? Uninzi lwabafundi behlabathi lanamhlanje basebenzisa iikhomputha zabo ukufikelela kwiibhanki kwi-intanethi , ukuhlawula iibhidi , ukuthungisa iimpahla, kunye nokuthetha malunga nazo zonke ezinye iinkalo zobomi babo, nazo. Ukuba ulwazi lomntu siqu kunye ne-akhawunti lugcinwe kwi-drive ekhuni, isela linokufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwenkcazelo enokwenza ukuba bakwazi ukuthatha ubunikazi bomfundi.
Kakade ke, abafundi nabo bafanele bawagxeke enye yezona ndlela eziqhelekileyo zokuba utshintshi-umntu uthathe isikhwama, isikhwama okanye isikhwama. Oku kunokwenzeka nakwiklasi lokulala komfundi, ingakumbi ukuba amaqela okanye iindwendwe ezingaqhelekanga ziqhelekileyo, kwaye zivame ukuhlala kwiikholeji zasekholeji. Abafundi kufuneka basebenzise ukhuseleko olufanayo ekhaya njengendawo engaziwayo.
Indlela Yokuhlala Ukhuselekile kwiNtshontsho yobuLwazi
Indlela efanelekileyo yokujongana nethemba lokutshitshiswa kwelokuba kukukhusela ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezikhuselekileyo kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso kunye nezindlela ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela ukwebiwa kwezinto:
- Ukutshintshela onke amaxwebhu abalulekileyo, njengeenkcazo zebhanki, izibonelelo zamakhadi ezikolo, kunye nawaphi na amaphepha ephepha elinombalo we-akhawunti okanye inombolo yokhuseleko loluntu. Khumbulani izitya zokusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa, kwaye, njengokuba ziba nenombolo ye-akhawunti kunye nolunye ulwazi oluthile oluprintwe kwilebula.
- Ungavumeli ukuba i-imeyile ibambelele kwaye ilale apho apho umntu angayifumana khona. Qinisekisa ukuba nayiphi na into ehamba kwi-bin debar ayiquki nayiphi na ingcaciso esebenzisekayo - ikhutshwe okanye ikhuphe amaxwebhu kwiinqununu ezincinane xa kuyimfuneko.
- Soloko ungena kwiindawo ezikhuselekileyo, ezifana neebhanki kwi-intanethi, ngaphambi kokuphuma kwenkqubo. Kwakhona, qinisekisa ukuba isiphequluli sakho sewebhu asilondolozi ulwazi lokungena ngemvume kunye nephasiwedi ezinxulumene neziza ezibucayi.
- Ungalokothi ugcine ulwazi lomntu okanye igama lomsebenzisi kunye nephasiwedi kwi-hard drive yekhompyutha yakho. Ukuba kufuneka ubhale phantsi kwindawo ethile, qiniseka ukuba lo mbhalo ugcinwa kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, njengebhokisi lokukhiya. Kodwa kuyona nto ingcono ukuyikhumbula ngeyona nto irekhodi ebhaliweyo engayonakaliswa.
- Sebenzisa iiphasiwedi ezikhuselekileyo ezingabandakanywa manani acacileyo njengosuku lokuzalwa, iinombolo zefowuni, izikhumbuzo okanye iadesi. Ukusebenzisa uchungechunge olude lweenamba kunye neeleta kwintlangano engalindelekanga kukuphephe ukukhwabanisa.
- Qinisekisa ukuba iiwebhsayithi ozisebenzisayo ekuthengeni iimpahla okanye iinkonzo zikhuselekile. Ngezinye iinkcukacha, i-URL iya kulandelwa ngu-https: // kwaye iya kuthwala i logo ebonisa isitifiketi seSettings Sockets Layer (SSL).
- Qaphela ii-imeyile ezi "phishing" ngolwazi, okanye uzama ukuba uphendule kwinto ekhangeleka njengesayithi elungileyo kodwa ikubuyisele kwisayithi lesela apho apho ulwazi lwakho luza kubhalwa khona. Funda ukuba ungawajonga njani ama-imeyile e-phishing.
- Qaphela kakhulu ekunikezeni inombolo yakho yokhuseleko loluntu. Kukho izimbalwa ezimbalwa xa kukuphela kwenani ongayisebenzisa ukufikelela okanye ukuvula i-akhawunti (nakwiyunivesithi). Sebenzisa ilayisenisi yokuqhuba ukubonisa ubungqina kwaye ungathwali ikhadi lakho lokhuseleko loluntu nawe; endaweni yoko, qhubeka kwindawo ephephile. Kuyafana nekhadi le-ID yomfundi, ingakumbi ukuba iqulethe inombolo yakho yokhuseleko loluntu.
Yintoni ongayenza Ukuba uxela ukuba Ube nguxhoba loBubi boLwazi
Akukhona nje ukuphazamiseka okanye ukulimala kwinqanaba lakho lesikweledu, ukwebiwa kwezazisi kubalwa njengoluhlu lolwaphulo-mthetho. Ngokwe-Identity ukweba kunye ne-Assumption Deterrence Act ka-1998, ulwaphulo-mthetho lomthetho ukuba umntu "ogqithiseleyo okanye usetyenziso, ngaphandle kolawulo olusemthethweni, indlela yokuchongwa komnye umntu ngenjongo yokuzibophezela, okanye ukunceda okanye ukubhubhisa, nayiphi na into engekho mthethweni umsebenzi owenza ukuphulwa komthetho waseburhulumenteni, okanye owenzela phantsi kweNkcubeko nawuphi na uMthetho osebenzayo. "
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba uyenazisi uye wahlaselwa, isinyathelo sokuqala kukuzisa onke amaziko akho eemali anokuchaphazelekayo. Qinisekisa ukuba zonke i-akhawunti zivaliwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye zicele ukuba nayiphi na i-akhawunti entsha ichongiwe ngenxa yeerhafu ezinokukhwabanisa kwixesha elizayo.
Emva koko, kwazisa ukunyanzeliswa komthetho kwendawo yolwaphulo-mthetho. Baya kuba nako ukuncomela ngamanyathelo okuqhubekayo kunye nokuqalisa uphando.
Xhumana neentlawulo zemali ezintathu zokubhengeza ngetyala kwaye ubazise ngobusela bokuba ungubani. Baya kufaka uqwalaselo lwenkohliso kwifayile yakho ngomhla ukwenzela ukuba iindleko ezenzeka emva kwalo mhla aziyi kuthintela kakubi ukulinganiswa kwetyala lakho.
Ixesha elichithwe ukuya kwikholeji kukuba, kubafundi abaninzi, enye yezona zihlandlo ezintle kwaye zikhunjulwa ebomini babo. Qinisekisa ukuba ayikhunjulwa, nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yexinzelelo kunye nokubandezeleka okubangelwa kubusela besazisi. Qaphela ukukhusela ulwazi lwakho kwaye ungalokothi ucinge ukuba ulwaphulaphulo olunjalo alukwazi kwenzeka kuwe. Kungenzeka ukuba kukho umntu owaziyo ukuba kwenzeke ntoni kubo.