Fumana i-Handle kwiimali zakho kunye neSahluko 13 se-Bankruptcy
Uya kufumana ulwazi oluninzi malunga nokukhupha amatyala , ngokukodwa ngokukhupha amatyala amatyala . Amanye amatyala eerhafu, nangona kunjalo, akhululwa. Ngokomzekelo, irhafu yengeniso ayinakukhutshwa xa ithe yangoku nje, yinto efunekayo ngokubuyisela okufuneka ukuba ifakwe ngaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu phambi kwecala lokubanjelwa. Umqeshi ufanelekile ukuba nayiphi na irhafu yerhafu umqeshi ehluleka ukubuyela kwigunya lokurhoxisa.
Lezo azize zikhutshwe.
Nangona ungeke ukwazi ukukhupha ityala leetyala, usenokukwazi ukusebenzisa uhlobo lokuchithwa kwe-bankruptcy okuthiwa iSahluko 13 ukulawula loo matyala kwaye uhlawule.
ISahluko 13 sisebenza njani
Ngaphandle kokuba i-IRS okanye elinye igunya lokurhoxisa libeke i-lien evumelekileyo kwipropati yakho, ityala lakho lerhafu alikhuseli. Inkokhelo engaqinisekanga ayinamathele kuyo. Kuhambelana nokulinganisela kwekhadi lesikweletu kunomboleko wemoto. Ngesiqhagamshelo, igunya lokurhaxisa lithengise ipropati ukufumana iimali eziyimfuneko ukuhlawula ityala lorhafu, okanye lindele ukuba ipropathi ithengiswe kwaye nethemba lokuba intengo yokuthengisa iwanele ukuhlawula inani letyala.
Ukuba ufaka icala leSahluko 13, wena (owaziwa nangokuthi "umboleki") uya kuphakamisa icebo lokuhlawula . Ngaphantsi kwesicwangciso sohlawulelo, uza kwenza intlawulo yenyanga nganye ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu kumphathiswa oqeshwe yinkantolo yebhanki .
I-trustee ke isasaza iintlawulo zakho phakathi kwababolekisi abafake amabango afanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.
Isahluko 13 siqulethe zonke iinkcukacha zokukhusela ezinye iintlobo ze-bankruptcy, njengeSahluko 7 se-bankruptcy kunye neSahluko 11 sokuhlelwa kwakhona. Ababolekisi kufuneka bafike kwinkundla yebhanki xa benethemba lokuba baya kuqokelela ityala.
Abakwazi ukuthatha isenzo ngokwabo ngaphandle kwemvume yenkundla yebhanki. Oku kusebenza nakwi-IRS kunye nabanye abaphathi abatyayo.
Nangona uhlawula iinyanga ezintathu ukuya ezintlanu, kwimeko yeSahluko 13 kunokwenzeka ukuphelisa isicwangciso sakho esasikhatywe ngetyala elingaqinisekanga, njengamakhadi-mboleko, iibhilidi zonyango, iimali-mboleko zemali, kunye nemali-mboleko yebhanki. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba ngamatyala angasetyenziswanga. Ngethuba nje uhlawule ngokwemisebenzi yakho yokuhlawula, ngokusekelwe kwifom eqwalasela ingeniso yakho, iindleko ezifanelekileyo, kunye nemali kunye neentlobo zetyala omele ufanele, kufuneka ukhululwe ngetyala elingalindelekanga.
Elinye ityala elingakhuselekanga alikwazi ukukhutshwa ngale ndlela, nangona kunjalo. Ezi zikolo zibizwa ngokuba yimali-mboleko. Izikweletu eziphambili ziyizikweletu ezingakhuselekanga ezithatha ukuphatha ngokukhethekileyo kwimeko yeSahluko 13. Ngokubanzi, kufuneka zihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo kwikhosi yesicwangciso seminyaka emithathu ukuya kweyesihlanu. Amatyala amaninzi ahlawuliswayo kwimeko yeSahluko 7 yizikweletu eziphambili kwiSahluko 13.
Isicwangciso seSahluko 13 sikaCharlie
Kuya kuba luncedo ukujonga umzekelo wendlela iSahluko 13 sisebenza ngayo. UCharlie wenza $ 4,000 ngenyanga. Kwakhona kufuneka sijonge iindleko zikaCharlie zenyanga, kuquka nokuboleka kwakhe, izinto eziphathekayo kunye nokugcinwa kwekhaya, ukutya, ukunakekelwa kwabantwana, iindleko zonyango, ifowuni, ukuthutha kunye nokuzonwabisa.
Ngokomzekelo wethu, uCharlie uneendleko ezipheleleyo ezingama $ 3,700 ngenyanga. Qaphela ukuba sishiye iakhawunti yamakhadi ekraniti. Lezo aziqwalaselwa njengeendleko kuba ziya kuhlawulelwa njengenxalenye yeSicwangciso seSahluko 13, njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla.
Umehluko phakathi kokuhlawula okukhoyo kukaCharlie kunye neendleko zakhe ezipheleleyo "yakhe engenayo engenayo". Isicwangciso sikaCharlie kuya kufuneka sinikezele ukuba uhlawule kwiSahluko 13 umphathiswa wakhe ongenayo imali engenayo inyanga nganye. Ubungakanani becebo, iminyaka emithathu okanye emihlanu okanye into ephakathi, kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwizinga leholo likaCharlie kunye nosayizi weentsapho.
ISahluko 13 sinceda njani ukuLawula amatyala kaMatyala okuPhambili okuPhambili?
Ngoko iSahluko 13 sinceda njani? Esikhundleni sokuqhubeka nokulwa nemali engenayo encinci encinci ukufihla ityala leerhafu kunye namakhadi akhe ekwereta, uCharlie uhlawulisa i-trustee intlawulo enye kwinyanga eyi-300.
I-Trasti iya kubela i-$ 300 kubabolekisi bakaCharlie. Kwimeko yethu, kuba ityala lentlawulo liyi-matyala ephambili, igunya lokuhlawulwa liza kuhlawulelwa kuqala de ukuba ibango lihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo. Xa ugunyazisiweyo ogciniweyo eyanelisiwe, iintlawulo ziya kufikelela kwezinye iingxowa ezingenakunyulwa.
Ekupheleni kwesiCwangciso seNtlawulo kaCharlie, unokuthi ahlawulwe abanye babolekisi. Kodwa, uya kuhlawula ityala lephambili yerhafu. Naliphi na ityala elingenayo inzuzo elihlala liza kukhishwa, ngaphandle kweerhafu ezimbalwa ezinjengeemali-mboleko zabafundi.
Isahluko 13 siza kuvumela uCharlie ukuba ahlawule ityala lakhe elingenasisigxina kwixesha eliyiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu. Kodwa oko akusiyo kuphela inzuzo ekufakeni isahluko 13 kwimeko. Inzala kwityala ayiqhubeki ngexesha leSahluko 13. Ngoko ke, ityala lerhafu lingasasazeka kwixesha elide kunegunya lokurhoxisa livumela, kwaye lihlawulwe kwi -0% yepesenti.
Izinto ezininzi zichaphazela indlela iSahluko 13 esisebenza ngayo kwaye ngubani ohlawulwayo. Ukuba iimeko zakho zivandlakanywe, fowuna ummeli oqeshwe ngumntu ogqibeleleyo. Ininzi inika ukubonisana kwamahhala kunye nezibophelelo.