Ulawulo luka-Elizabeth Warren luka-50/30/20 lunokukunceda ukulawula uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
Isazi se-Harvard sokuchithwa kwe-Harvard esibizwa ngokuba yi- Time m agazine njengenye ye-100 Abantu abaninzi abachaphazelekayo kwiLizwe-baqulethe "umthetho we-50/30/20" wokuchitha nokugcina nentombi yakhe, u-Amelia Warren Tyagi.
Baye babhalela incwadi ngo-2005: "Yonke into enokubaluleka ngayo: Isicwangciso seMali esiPhezulu seMpilo."
Pho isicwangciso se-50/30/20 sisebenza njani? Nantsi indlela u-Warren noTyagi batusa ngayo ukuba uhlele uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
Inyathelo lokuqala: Bala i-Income-Tax Income yakho
Ingeniso yakho yerhafu emva kwentela emva kokuhlawulwa kwentlawulo, njengerhafu karhulumente, irhafu yendawo, irhafu yengeniso, iMirari, kunye noKhuseleko loLuntu. Ukuba ungumqeshwa onokuhlawula ngokukhawuleza, inzuzo yakho emva kwentela kufuneka ibe lula ukuyifumanisa. Khangela iikhodi zakho. Ukuba unonophelo lwempilo, iminikelo yomhlalaphantsi , okanye nayiphi na enye inqununu ethathwa kwi-paycheck yakho, wongeze kwakhona.
Ukuba usebenza ngokuzenzekelayo, ingeniso yakho yerhafu emva kwentlawulo ifana neholo lakho lemali engaphantsi kweendleko zezoshishino zakho, njengeendleko zekhompyutheni yakho okanye i-airfare kwiinkomfa, kwakunye nesixa obeka eceleni kwiirhafu. Unoxanduva lokubuyisela iirhafu zakho zerhafu eziqikelelwa kwikota kuba urhulumente ngenxa yokuba akanalo umqeshi wokunyamekela lona.
Khawukhumbule ukuba ukuzisebenzisela ukuzimela kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uhlawule irhafu yengqesho, oko kubandakanya oku kubalo bakho. Irhafu yerhafu yerhafu yinto oza kuhlawula ngayo kwi-Medicare kunye neNtlawulo yeNhlalakahle yeNtlalo ukuba wawuqeshwe.
Inyathelo lesibini: Misela iimfuno zakho ukuya kuma-50 Ipesenti yeNgeniso yakho emva kweNtela
Ngoku buyela kwibhajethi yakho.
Uchitha ixesha elingakanani "kwiimfuno" nyanga nganye, izinto ezifana nokutya, izindlu, izinto ezincedisayo, i- inshurensi yezempilo , ukuhlawula imoto, kunye ne-inshurensi yemoto? Ngokutsho kweWarren noTyagi kunye nomthetho wabo we-50/30/20, isixa osichithayo kulezi zinto asifanele sibe ngaphezu kwama-50 ekhulwini lakho lokuhlawula irhafu.
Kakade ke, ngoku kufuneka uhlukanise phakathi kweendleko "ezifunayo" kwaye "zifuna." Ngokwenene, nayiphi na intlawulo onokuyenza ngayo kunye neengxaki ezincinane ezifana nekhredithi yekhefu okanye impahla yokubuya esikolweni yintando. Naliphi na intlawulo echaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bakho, njengombane kunye namachiza omyalelo, kuyimfuneko.
Ukuba awukwazi ukuhlawula inkokhelo njengentlawulo encinci kwikhadi le-credit card , inokucingwa "imfuno," ngokwe-Warren noTyagi. Ngoba? Ngenxa yokuba amanqaku akho ekhredithi aya kuthinteka kakubi ukuba awuyi kuhlawula ubuncinci. Ngomqondiso ofanayo, ukuba inkokhelo encinci ifunekayo yi-$ 25 kwaye uhlawula rhoqo i-$ 100 ngenyanga ukuze ugcine ibhalansi elawulwayo, eyongezelelweyo i-$ 75 ayikho imfuneko.
Inyathelo lesithathu: Misela "Ufuna" ukuya kuma-30 Ipesenti
Oku kuzwakala kuphezulu phezu komhlaba. Ngaba unokubeka iipesenti ezingama-30 zemali yakho ekufuneni kwakho? Sawubona, izicathulo ezintle, uhambo oluya e-Bali, i-salon haircuts, kunye ne-Italiya zokutyela.
Ngokukhawuleza. Ukhumbule indlela esinyanisekileyo ngayo kunye nencazelo "yesidingo"? "Ukufunwa" kwakho akubandakanyi iziqhamo. Ziquka izinto eziphambili zobomi ozonandiphayo, njengolu hlobo lwesicwangciso sokuthumela imiyalezo engenamkhawulo, umrhumo wekhefu kwikhaya lakho, kunye ne-cosmetic (ingekho umatshini) ukulungisa imoto yakho.
Unokuchitha ngaphezulu kwi "ufuna" kunokuba ucinge. Ubuncinci bezambatho ezifudumeleyo ngumfuno. Nantoni na ngaphaya kwayo, njengokuthenga izambatho kwindawo yokuthengisa kunokuba kufikelelwe kwisaphulelo, uyakufanelekela ukuba ufuna.
Ewe, imithetho iyingqungquthela, kodwa ukuba ucinga ngako, baqonda.
Inyathelo lesine: Sebenzisa ipesenti ezingama-20 kwi-Savings kunye neRhafu yeNtlawulo
Ngoku malunga ne-$ 75 eyongezelelweyo uhlawula kwikhadi lekhredithi nganye nyanga. Akunjalo ukufunwa okanye isidingo. Yiyo "20" kumgaqo 50/30/20. Kuseklasini yonke yayo.
Kufuneka uchithe ubuncinane iipesenti ezingama-20 zakho zerhafu emva kokuhlawulwa kweerhafu kunye nokugcina imali kwingxowa-mali yakho yongxamiseko kunye neakhawunti yakho yomhlalaphantsi.
Ukuba uthetha i- balance card yekharityhulam , inkokhelo encinci "yimfuno" kwaye ibalwa kuma-50 ekhulwini. Enye into eyongezelelweyo yinto yokuhlawula ityala elongezelelweyo, eliya kule candelo le-20. Ukuba uthetha umboleko okanye imboleko yemoto , inkokhelo encinci "yintlanzi" kwaye nayiphi na inani lokuhlawula imali elongezelelweyo "ngokulondolozwa kunye nokuhlawulwa kwetyala."
Umzekelo wesiCwangciso se-50/30/20
Masithi inani lakho lokuhlawula ikhaya lakho ngenyanga li-$ 3,500. Ukusebenzisa ulawulo olungama-50-30-20, awuyi kuchitha imali engaphezulu kwamaRandi 1,750 kwiimfuno zakho ngenyanga. Mhlawumbi awukwazi ukuhlawula imali yentlawulo yee-1,500-ngenyanga-ntlawulo okanye ubuncinane, ngaphandle kokuba ngaphandle kweenkonzo zakho, ukuhlawulwa kwemoto, iintlawulo zekhadi zesikweletu, ubuncinci kunye nezinye izinto ezifunekayo zobomi azidluli i-$ 250 ngenyanga.
Ukuba usuvele ungumnikazi wakho okanye uvalelwe kwisiqeshiso, uhlala unamathele kakhulu loo ntlawulo ye-$ 1,500. Cinga ukufuduka xa uqeshiso lwakho luphelelwa lixesha ukwenza ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lulawulwe okanye lujonge kwezinye "iimfuno" zakho ukuze ubone ukuba kukho indlela onokuyinciphisa nayiphi na. Mhlawumbi uthengisa i-inshurensi ethe xaxa okanye utshintshile ibhalansi kwikhadi lesikweletu kumntu onomyinge onomyinge ophantsi ukwenzela ukuba intlawulo yakho encinci iyancipha. Injongo yakho kukuba ukwazi ukuhambelana nazo zonke iindleko zibe ngama-50 ekhulwini lakho lokufumana umvuzo emva kwentlawulo.
Unokuchitha i-$ 1,050 ngenyanga kwi "ufuna" yakho kwi-$ 3,500 eyayizisa ikhaya ngenyanga. Unokucinga ukukwenza ngaphandle kwezinto ezimbalwa kwaye ushintshe enye yale mali kwiimfuno zakho "zeemfuno" xa uphupha phawu-kungekhona ngokungapheliyo kodwa ude ufumane iimfuno zakho phantsi kwezinga elilawulayo. Khumbula, usadinga iipesenti ezingama-20 ezishiyekileyo ukuze ugcine kwaye uhlawule amatyala akho ngokwecwangciso 50/30/20.
Ngoku unayo i-$ 700, eyokugqibela iipesenti ezingama-20. Uyazi ukuba wenzani nalo. Ukuhlawula ityaleni, gcina kwimeko engxamisekileyo, kwaye cwangcisa lakho ikamva.