Ukuba unikwe i-akhawunti yakho yomrhwebi kodwa awuqinisekanga okokuthenga kuqala, qwalasela oku kutyalo-mali njengezethulo ezilungileyo kwihlabathi lesitokisi.
Blue Chip Stocks
Xa utyalo-mali, igama elithi "Blue Chip" libonisa izitokisi zeenkampani ezinamandla, ama-standbys emarike ezangexesha elide ezingenakwenzeka ukuba zikho naziphi iindaba eziphambili zeendaba ezizayo. Kwaye nangona kunjalo, bahlala bekhulile, iinkampani ezinamandla ezinokuthi zitshintshise isivunguvungu. I-Blue Chips inkulu kubafakeli-mali abatsha njengoko bathambekele ekuhambeni kunye nemarike ngendlela eqikelelweyo kwaye banomngcipheko ophantsi kunamanye amasheya.
Umzekelo omhle we-Blue Chip stock yiWalmart. Ivenkile inembali ebuyela emva kowe-1962, inomlinganiselo omkhulu weevenkile weeRandi ezingama-236.4 zeebhiliyoni, kwaye iyazinzileyo ngokuthelekiswa nakwiimarike ngokubanzi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-Walmart yenza ngaphezu kweeyandi ezingama-480 zamawaka kwiingeniso, ifumana inamba enye kwindawo kwiluhlu lwe-Fortune 500. Khangela ezinye iimali ze-Blue Chip kwi-Fortune 500 nakwezinye uluhlu lweenkampani ezinkulu eMelika.
Iimpawu zeeBlue Chip Stocks: iWalmart (WMT), iCoca Cola (KO), i-JPMorgan Chase (JPM), i-Exxon Mobil (i-XOM), i-Boeing (BA), i-Caterpillar (i-CAT), kunye ne-General Electric (GE)
Ixabiso lentengo
Uxabiso lokutyalomali yimbono yokuba unokuhlalutya imali yeenkampani kwaye uqikelele intengo yexabiso lempahla, kwaye ukuba ukhangeleka kanzima kwiinkampani uza kufumana inkampani engabonakaliyo ekhangeleka njengotyalo-mali olukhangayo. Yadumiwa nguNjingalwazi uBenjamin Graham, u-economist ozalwe eBrithani kunye notitshala ochitha ixesha kwi-Columbia nase-UCLA, uxabiso lokutyalo-mali luyi-mantra yabanini-mali abanempumelelo ababandakanya uWarren Buffett, Irving Kahn kunye noBill Ackman.
IBhayibhile yexabiso lokutyalomali yincwadi ka-Graham ye-1949 I-Intelligent Investor .
Ukufumana izitokhwe ezingabonakaliyo akusoloko kulula. Enye yamatriki amancedo kakhulu ukujonga ngayo ixabiso lencwadi yenkampani ngesabelo ngasinye, esibonisa ixabiso leenkampani ngokuthelekiswa nexabiso lentengo ekhoyo. Ixabiso leWebhsayithiWakpapasha i-Graham-Dodd stock screener esebenzisa ubunzulu beengcamango zokufumana utyalo-mali kulolu hlobo. Qinisekisa ukuba ukhangela iinkampani ezincinci, nangona kunjalo, njengoko zingozi kakhulu kwaye zithandeka ngaphezu kweempahla ezindala, ezizinzile. Khangela kwakhona iinkampani eziye zahamba ngexabiso elitsha lwakutshanje, njengoko iindaba ezikhoyo zingaphatha iindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokulinganisela .
Ukusebenzisa intengo ekubhaliweyo kunye nezinye iziqulatho, nantsi imimiselo embalwa yeempahla zokugcina ukuze uqalise.
Iimpawu zentengo yexabiso: i- Transocean (RIG), iNelnet (NNI), iNaven (NAVI), i-American Airlines (AAL), i-American Sciences (GILD), i-Wells Fargo (i-WFC), i-Expedia (EXPE)
Izabelo ezihlukileyo
Abanye abatyali-mali bafaka imali yabo kwiimarike benethemba lokunyusa amaxabiso amanani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa abanye abatyali-mali banakekele ngakumbi malunga nokufumana imali yokuphuma kwemali. Ukuba ufuna ukuba izitokethi zakho zihlawule, izahlulo ligama lomdlalo .
Izitokhwe ezahlula ngokuqhelekileyo zihlawula isabelo semali esincinci ngesabelo ngasinye kubarhwebi nganye kwikota.
Ngesinye isihlandlo, iinkampani zihlawula isahlulo esisodwa sexesha, njengoko kwenzeke kunye neMicrosoft ngo-2004 xa ihlawulwe i-3 yeesabelo ngasinye, okanye i-$ 32 billion, kubafaki-zimali kwisitokisini sayo.
Xa ukhangele iifowuni zezahlulo , khangela umlinganiselo wezabelo ezithe ngqo okanye ukukhula ngexesha. Ukunqunyulwa kwehlulo kubonakala kukubi kakhulu kwiimarike, ngoko nayiphi na isitokethi esinqumle igalelo zawo kwixesha elidlulileyo kufuneka liphakame iiflegi ebomvu kuwe njengomtyalo-zimali ngamnye. Ukuba i-dividend isivuno iphezulu kakhulu, ingaba uphawu lokuba abatyali-mali balindele ukuba intengo yesabelo iwele ezinyangeni ezizayo. Naliphi na isitoreji ehlawula ngaphezulu kwe-10% kufuneka ibhekwe ngongomazi.
Iimpawu zeeMali eziHlanganisiweyo: iVerizon (VZ), i-General Motors (GM), i-Phillips 66 (i-PSX), iCoca Cola (KO), i-United Parcel Service (i-UPS), i-Propect & Gamble (PG), i-Phillip Morris International (PM), kunye IMonsanto (MON)
IiShishini zokuKhula
Iinkampani ezinkulu zinzima ukukhula njengepesenti, njengoko zizama ukukhula isiseko esikhulu. I-Walmart, umzekelo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ibone iifayile eziphindwe kabini kwixabiso lokuthengisa ngaphezulu kwe-$ 480 yezigidigidi zeengeniso. Iinkampani ezincinci kunye neenkampani ezitsha zikarhafisa, kodwa zinika amathuba anomdla wokukhula kwikamva elizayo.
Izitokhwe zokukhula zingaphuma kwiphina i-shishini, kodwa zakamuva iinkampani zobuchwepheshe ziseTilicon Valley kunye nezinye zinethemba lokukhula okukhulu. Ezi zitshixo zingabakho nkampani nawaphi na ubungakanani. Izikhokelo zokukhula ezinkulu zihlala zizinzile kwaye zingenabungozi kakhulu, kodwa zibonelela ngenzuzo engaphantsi kunamancinci, amashishini amatsha kwimarike.
Iimpawu zeentengo zokukhula: i- Netflix (i-NFLX), i-Amazon (i-AMZN), i-Facebook (i-FB), i-Priceline (i-PCLN), i-Skyworks Solutions (SWKS), i-Micron Technologies (MU) kunye ne-Alaska Air Group (ALK)
Qaphela utyalo-mali
Nangona ezinye zeenkampani ezibhalwe apha ngasentla ziya kwenza kakuhle kwaye zinikezela ukubuyela kweemarike ezinkulu kwiinyanga ezizayo kunye neminyaka, izibizo ezinye izitokisi eziluhlu ziza kuhla. Omnye unokuzifumana esicaleni esikhulu, ingxaki yokuphendula, okanye ibali leendaba elithumela isitishi singenanto. Ukuze ugweme ilahleko ezinkulu, qinisekisa ukuba utyalomali kwiipotifoliyo ezahlukeneyo zamasheya kumashishini amaninzi nakwiindawo.
Ubuninzi beempahla ezikhankanywe kweli nqaku ziinkampani ezinamandla ezinemali enkulu, kodwa musa nje ukuthatha ilizwi lethu! Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge nayiphi na isitoreji, ubuyekeze ukusebenza kwayo kwezimali zakutshanje, iingcamango zokuhlalutya, ukukhuphisana, kunye neemeko ezizayo kwimizekelo yezoshishino yenkampani. Ukuba ucinga ukuba yinkampani eqinile kunye nolawulo oluhle kunye nethemba elikhulu, kukuthenga. Kodwa ukuba unayo inkxalabo okanye ukukhupha, yeqa ukunqakraza iqhosha lokuthenga kwaye ulinde utyalo-mali olukhuselekileyo ukuza kunye.