Ixesha elizayo zixhobo zokusebenza. Kwihlabathi leemveliso, isivumelwano ngasinye esizayo sizama ukuphinda senze ixabiso lentsebenzo yezinto eziphathekayo ezisemgangathweni. Ukutshintshisana kwexesha elizayo ziindawo zokuthengisa iimpahla eziza kubathenga abathengi kunye nabathengisi ndawonye kwindawo ebonakalayo. Ngenxa yokumisela, abathathi-nxaxheba bemarike banako ukuhlawula , ukutshala imali, ukucacisa, nokudibanisa izivumelwano zetyukliya kwiintlobo zeemveliso.
Iimarike zexesha elizayo ziyakususa ingozi yemboleko kubathengi nakubathengisi. Emva kokwenziwa kwezorhwebo lwexesha elizayo, indawo yokutshintshiselwa kwintengo iya kuba ngumthengisi kunye nomthengisi kumthengi. Utshintshiselwano lulawula umngcipheko wokusebenza ngokusetyenziswa kwemida . Ukutshintshisana kufuna ukuba abathathi-ntengiso nganye bathabathe umda we-transaction nganye.
Ibhizinisi lexesha elizayo linalo lonke ulwimi. Abo baceba ukubandakanyeka kule ndawo yokuzonwabisa kunye nokukhawuleza kufuneka baqonde isi sigama. Nalu uluhlu lweminye yemigangatho nemigqaliselo ebalulekileyo xa kuziwa kwiikontrakthi zexesha elizayo.
Umlinganiselo weKontrakthi
Oku kubhekisela kwisixa okanye ubuninzi bexabiso elimelwe kwisivumelwano ngasinye. Ngokomzekelo, iikontraki ze-COMEX- CME zegolide zexesha elizayo ziza kubonisa ii-ounces zegolide ezi-100 ezifanelekileyo. Inkontileka yexesha elizayo le-NYMEX-CME yekontrakthi engamaxabiso ayi-1000 imirhubhe yeoli engcolileyo. Iikontraki zeSikhu zeSizwe ezisemgangathweni zimela iiplani ezili-112 000 zeshukela
Umtshintshi ngamnye ushicilela ubungakanani bekhontrakthi kubo bonke abadweliswe kwiikontrakthi zexesha elizayo kwiwebhusayithi.
Ixabiso leMvumelwano
Ixabiso lekhontrakthi yintengo yangoku yekontrakthi yexesha elizayo ephindwe ngobungakanani bemvumelwano. Ukuba igolide ithengisa kwi-1200 yeeyure nganye, ke ixabiso lentengo yekontrakthi ye-COMEX-CME yegolide yexesha elizayo i-$ 120,000 (i-$ 1200 x 100).
Uhlobo lweTikiti
Uhlobo lokukotela lixabiso elincinci lokutshintsha kwekontraki yengomso. Iikontrakthi ezahlukileyo zexesha elizayo zineengqikithi ezahlukeneyo zeekethi. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-COMEX-CME igolide ubukhulu bekhayi buyi-10 eentente nganye. Ngamafutha angcolileyo e-NYMEX-CME, ubukhulu bekhayi buyi-1 yepaliti nganye.
Cikisa ixabiso
Ixabiso lesikethi libukhulu bekhakiti olwandiswe ngongqinelwano lwesivumelwano sekontrakthi ethile. Kwimizekelo yegolide, ixabiso lekhakiti liza kuba yi-$ 10 okanye ubukhulu bekhakiti, i-10 cents ephindwe ngobungakanani bekhontrakthi ezili-100 ii-ounces.
Umda wokuhamba
Kweminye imveliso yexesha elizayo, utshintsho lubeka umgcini wesiphaluka kwixesha elincinci kakhulu ngenjongo yokulawula umngcipheko wentengo kunye nokuhamba kwemida. Kwiimarike ezizayo zeenkomo kwiikontrakthi zexesha elizayo ze-CME zinomda wemihla ngemihla ye-3 cents nganye ngeyure. Ekubeni inkontileka yekhontrakthi yenkomo yexesha elizayo i-40,000 pounds xa ixabiso lesivumelwano lihamba nge $ 1,200 ngosuku lokuhweba.
Inyanga yesivumelwano
Izorhwebo zexesha elizayo kwiinyanga ezahlukeneyo. Utshintshiselwano lubonelela iinyanga nganye kwisivumelwano kunye negalelo evela kumashishini angaphantsi. Ileta ibonisa inyanga nganye:
F- Ja nuwari
Gruwari
Hatshi
J-April
K- Meyi
M- Juni
N- Julayi
Ngo-Agasti
U-Septemba
Oktobha
X- Novemba
NgoDisemba
Isaziso sokuqala sokuqala
Ekubeni izivumelwano ezininzi zexesha elizayo zineendlela zokuhambisa umzimba, lo ngumhla wokuqala apho umnini-mkontrakthi wexesha elizayo unokufunwa ukuba athathe izinto eziphathekayo.
Iiyure zoTywala
Namhlanje, bambalwa kakhulu kwixesha elizayo lokurhweba emigodini, kunye nabathengisi kunye nabahwebi abaqhuba imiyalelo. Iiyure zokurhweba kwi-Pit ngamaxesha apho utshintshiselwano luvulekileyo lwezoshishino olusebenzayo.
Iiyure zoRhwebo zeeMbane
Namhlanje urhweba oluninzi lwenzeka kwi-platform exchange electronic platform. Iiyure zokurhweba kwiikhompyutheni ngamaxesha apho iikontraki zifumaneka kubathengi kunye nabathengisi ukuba batshintshe kwilo qonga.
Isiseko
Isiseko ngumlinganiselo phakathi kwexabiso lemali lemveliso yenyama kunye nexabiso elizayo elizayo. Isiseko ngokuqhelekileyo ligama elisetyenziswe ngabo bezoshishino zezolimo.
Convergence
Ukuguquguquka yinkqubo yexabiso elizayo eliza kufikelela kwinqanaba elifanayo njengamaxabiso emali kwixabiso lempahla njengoko isivumelwano sexesha elizayo sihamba ngesaziso sokuqala kwixesha lokunikezelwa. Impumelelo yemarike yexesha elizayo ixhomekeke ekuhlanganiseni okufanelekileyo kwamaxabiso kunye neemveliso zemali abazimela njengekontrakthi yexesha elizayo.
Ukutshintshana kwexesha elizayo kunika utyalo-mali kunye nesicwangciso sokurhweba esinomdla kwaye sinobuchule. I-Futures ihluke kwiimveliso ezininzi zeemali kunye ne-asethi ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu eliphakamileyo lezithuthi ezinikezelwa ezi zithuthi. Ngaphambi kokuba udibanise inzwane kwihlabathi lexesha elizayo, qiniseka ukuba wenze umsebenzi wesikolo sakho kwaye uqonde zonke iingozi kunye nesigama kule ndawo yokurhweba kunye nokutyalomali.