Abagwebi abaqhubekayo kufuneka bathathe isigqibo malunga neengxaki zeendawo ezichaphazelekayo.
Ijaji yeengxaki ngumgwebi wenkundla yomntu kunye negosa lesigqeba seburhulumenteni elijongene nokujongana nayo yonke imiba yenkqubo yenkundla ye- probate . Oku kungabandakanyi kuphela iziqhamo zabantu abafayo kodwa imiba yekhono kunye nokwamkelwa kwamanye amagosa ngokunjalo. Imiba yezindlu ziqhelekileyo kwiimeko ezinkundleni ezivakalayo, nangona kunjalo.
Akunabo bonke amazwe kunye neekomiti ezi nkundla, kwaye kwezinye iindawo zibizwa ngokuba ziinkundla zenkundla.
Ngaloo gama, bahlanganisa imiba efanayo yezomthetho kwaye abagwebi abelwe ukujongana nale miba babelana ngokubanzi ngeendima kunye noxanduva olufanayo.
Inxaxheba yoMgwebi kwiNkundla yeeNdlu
Indima yejaji yeengcamango ekulawulweni kwefa ingahluka ngokusekelwe ekubeni umntu oshonile washiya ukuthanda kunye nokugqibela, ekubhekiselwe kuye njengokuthi wayefayo, okanye ukuba wafa ngesantya, oku kuthetha ukuba akayekanga intando.
Imisebenzi yejaji echanekileyo iyahlukahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ngaba ngummeli welifa, izindlalifa-mthetho, kunye nabaxhamli bafuna ukufumana kunye kunye nokuba ngaba uya kukhankanywa . Umlindlalifa ngumntu onxulumene ngokukhawulezileyo kwaneleyo ukuba uya kuzuza ilifa kuye ngokusemthethweni ukuba umntu osweleyo ufile.
Iziqithi ezingavumelekanga xa kukho intando
Ukuba umntu oshiyekileyo ushiye umnqweno wokugqibela kunye nommiselo kwaye wonke umntu ochaphazelekayo uhamba kunye kwaye akukho nto ingavumelaniyo, i-estate kuthiwa ingavunyelwanga.
Indima yejaji ye-probate ekulawulweni kwefa ke ngoko ayimfuneko. Ngona nxalenye, uya kuhlolisisa kwaye asayine iilawulisi njengoko zichazwe kuye ngummeli onokuqeshwa ukuba ancedise umqhubi welifa, okanye ngumqhubi ngokwakhe.
Ezi mfuneko ziyimfuneko ukuba kuvumele ukuba ifa lifake umbandela omnye kwinkqubo yovavanyo ukuze iqhubele phambili.
Ziquka iilawulwa zokuvula ifa kunye nokuqokwa ngokusemthethweni umqhubi ukuba asebenze egameni lefa kunye nokugunyazisa ukuthengiswa kweempahla zeempahla, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukwenjenjalo, ukwenzela ukuba ababoleki bemali bahlawulwe. Umyalelo ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka ukuba uvale ifa kunye nokuba inkqubo yovavanyo ingagqitywa. A
Iziqithi ezithintekayo
Ukuba u-decedent ushiye intando kwaye akukho ukungavumelani okanye ukunyanyiswa phakathi kommeli, abaxhamli, kunye / okanye izindlalifa, umgwebi wenkundla ye-probate uza kubandakanyeka ngakumbi kwiinkqubo.
Kule meko, ijaji inokufuneka ihlangabezane nemingeni eyenziwe ngabazukulu-mkhwenkwe malunga nokuqinisekiswa kwentando. Ngokomzekelo, unyana omdala oya kuba nelungelo lokuzuza ilifa ukuba uyise ufe ngaphandle kokuthanda, unokufunda ukuba kukho intando kwaye akachazwanga kuso.
Unako ukufakela umncintiswano oza kuthanda kwaye umgwebi uya kufuneka ukuba acinge ukuba ukushiya kwakungenjongo kwaye i-decedent yenzelwe ukutshatyalalisa unyana wakhe okanye ukuba kukho enye ingxaki ngefom yefom ngoko ayihlangabezani nencwadi yomthetho. Unyana unokuba nomnqweno omdala okanye omtsha ombandakanya naye. Kuza kuwela kumgwebi ukufumanisa oko kuya kuhlonishwa.
Ijaji inokubizwa kwakhona ukuba ixazulule ezinye iingxabano phakathi kommeli kunye nabaxhamli. Ezi zinokuthi zihluke kwiingxaki ezibonwe ngendlela umqhubi olawula ngayo umhlaba-izikhalazo ezithatha ixesha elide-ukungavumelani phakathi kwabaxhamli malunga nendlela iimpahla ezithile zeendawo ezifanele zilawulwe ngayo. Abaxhamli bahlala bekrokra xa i-asethi kufuneka ihlawulwe ukuba ihlawule iindleko zokusebenza kunye neerhafu zemvume.
Imisebenzi yoMgwebi weProbate kwi-Estestate Estates
Umyalelo wokuqala wejaji we-probate xa i-estate is intestate kukuba ukhethe ummeli ozimele. Ummeli womntu ukhonza umsebenzi ofanayo nomphathi we-testate estate, kodwa ukutyunjwa kushiywe kumgwebi ngenxa yokuba i-decedent ayifuni ukwenza izifiso zakhe ngokuzibiza ngomntu ngokuthanda.
Abagwebi abaqhubekayo bangagcinwa ngemimiselo yomthetho kunye nemithetho kwamanye amazwe xa kuthethwa ukuba ngubani onokumisela njengommeli wakhe. Ngokuqhelekileyo umlingane ophilayo unelungelo lokuqala kumsebenzi, kwaye abantwana abadala baya kulandela umgca ukuba akafunanga uxanduva okanye akakwazi ukuzithatha ngenxa yezizathu ezithile.
Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba izindlalifa-kamasipala zivuma ukuba ngubani omele abe ngummeli wakhe, umgwebi weengxaki angammisela lowo mntu. Ngaphandle kweli nqanaba, indima yejaji ye-probate ekulawuleni i-estate iya kuba yinto encinci, icinga ukuba izindlalifa-mkhwenkwe zihamba. Umgwebi weengxaki uya kusayinela iilawulwa nje ngokuba ifa liqhubekela phambili njengokuba wayeya kuba ne-testate estate.
Amanyathelo okuLawula iNkqubo kunye neMisebenzi kaMgwebi
Umgwebi weengxaki uyongamela kwaye uyamkela onke amanyathelo okulawulwa kweengxaki emva kokuba ummeli okanye ummeli wakhe okhoyo. Amanyathelo athile afaka ukuqokelela i-asethi ye-decedent, engabandakanyeka umphathi okanye ummeli ozimeleyo ethatha indawo ekhoyo yepropati okanye ukuchonga nokufumana i-asethi njenge-akhawunti ye-investment, i-akhawunti yebhanki, kunye ne-inshorensi.
Ababolekisi mabaxelelwe ukuba i-decedent ayisekho kwaye kufuneka banikwe ithuba lokwenza iibango zomthetho malunga nemali ehlawulweyo kubo. Ummangaleli okanye ummeli wakhe ngokwakhe uhlawuliswa ngokumisela ukuba ngaba amabango asebenzayo kwaye, ukuba kunjalo, ukubolekisa kwiimali zezindlu. Ngamanye amaxesha kufuna ipropati yepropati, kwaye ijaji inokuthi ifune ukunyathela ukuba ngabaxhamli kunye neendlalifa-mthetho-mthetho.
Ukuba ummeli okanye ummeli womntu ophika ibango lomntu-mboleko ngenxa yokuba akakholelwa ukuba iyasebenza, umcimbi uya kufudukela kwindlu yenkundla kwimeko efanayo. Umgwebi weengxaki kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba ngaba kunjalo ngokwenene okanye ukuba umbolekisi makhathathwe.
Ekupheleni kwenkqubo yovavanyo, emva kokuba zonke iibango zihlawulwa, ummeli okanye ummeli wakhe ujongene nokusabalalisa ipropati eseleyo kubaxhamli ngokwemigqaliselo yentando yomthetho. Ukuba wafa ngaphandle kokuthanda, ipropati yakhe yayiya kubazukulu-mthetho kamasipala ngokomthetho welizwe. Ezi zombini iziganeko zifuna ukuvunyelwa kwejaji yeengxaki kunye neyokugqibela, isayinwe ukuvala ifa.
Abagwebi beNkcazo bahlawulwa njani lo msebenzi?
Njengoko zininzi nezinye iintlobo zeejaji, imivuzo yabagwebi beenkundla ze-probate ingahluka ngokubanzi kwindawo. IiNkundla kwiindawo ezinkulu zemitha zihlala zihlawula ngaphezu kwezo zasemaphandleni, kwiMidiya yaseMidwest. Imivuzo isetyenziswe ngamabhanti, kungekhona kwinqanaba likarhulumente.
Ngokomzekelo, abagwebi beenkundla ze-probate eMassachusetts counties imivuzo engama-$ 130,000 ngonyaka, kanti abo bakhonza eMontgomery County, Alabama bahlawulelwa ubuncinci ngaphezu kwama-52,000 ngonyaka ngonyaka ka-2015-nangona isishayamthetho sesigqeba senza ukuba bavuke.
Umvuzo womlambo kubo bonke abagwebi nabaomantyi kwilizwe lonke liyingcipheko engama-160 000 kwi-January 2018. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba "umlambo" akafani "nomyinge." Median kuthetha ukuba isiqingatha sazo sizuze ngaphezu kwesi sinye nesiqingatha esingaphantsi.
Ubume obufunekayo, iMfundo, kunye neZithuba zeJobhi
Bonke abagwebi kufuneka babe ngabagqibeleleyo kwizikolo zomthetho ezivunyelweneyo, kwaye amaninzi amazwe athi afune ixesha lokuba asebenze njengabameli. Abagwebi baqeshwe ligosa likarhulumente okanye kwiphondo.
Kukho inkundla eyodwa ye-probate kwi-county yase-US kumabakala agcina le nkundla kukho konke. Ezinye iindawo ezisemaphandleni ezinabantu abazithobekileyo ziza kuguqula iimeko zabo zovavanyo kwi-capital capital okanye kwi-county ephakamileyo.