Umthwalo weMatyala eMelika uye wakhula ngokubanzi ukususela ekuqaleni kweemillennium ukuphakamisa iingxakini malunga nempilo yexesha elide lempilo. Kodwa ngubani na onalo lonke le matyala? Ithuba lelizwe, emva koko konke, iibhanki ezikhutshwe lizwe. Ngenxa yobukhulu beetyala le-US - $ 17.6 trillion ngoJuni 30, 2014 - akufanele kungamangalisi ukuba abatyali-zimali abaninzi kwi- Horses yase-US ngabanye oorhulumente kunye neebhanki eziphambili.
I-China, enexabiso elilinganiselwa kwi-$ 1.268 yezigidigidi kwi-US Treasury, ngumnini-zimali-nanye phakathi koorhulumente basekuhlaleni, ngokubhekiselele kumanani akwa-Juni 2014 akhululwe nguNondyebo we-US. Oku kubangaphezu kwe-21% ye-matyala ase-US aphethwe phesheya kwaye malunga ne-7.2% yemithwalo yemali ye-United States.
Funda kabanzi: Emva kweChina, ngubani na abatshali-mali abakhulu kunayo ityala le-US?
Kutheni le Nombolo Eyona Nkulu Akuyiyo Ingxaki
Kukho izizathu ezibini ukuba kutheni utyalo olukhulu lwe-China kwiibhondi zaseburhulumenteni zase-US luvuselele ingxabano kwiminyaka yamuva.
Okokuqala, ukuba ilizwe liyeka ukuthenga okanye lithengise ukuthengisa ngisho nxalenye encinci yendawo yayo, amanani e-Nondyebo aya kuwa kwaye isivuno siza kuvuka . Isiphumo samanani aphakamileyo, ngokubhekiselele, kuya kubakho ukukhula kancinci kwezoqoqosho kunye neendleko eziphezulu ezibolekayo kurhulumente wase-US.
Okwesibini, isikhundla seNondyebo esikhulu seTshayina sibonakala njengokushiya e-United States ngokwezoqoqosho ezithintekayo kwizigqibo zorhulumente wamanye amazwe.
Oku kungabonakala ngathi kuyingozi ukuba uqikelele ukuba kutheni i-China ithengisa ityala le-US kangaka. Isizathu sinobuchwephesha ngokwemvelo, kodwa impendulo emfutshane kukuba i-China ithengisa iiNondyebo ukukunceda ukuphazamiseka kwexabiso lemali (yuan). I-yuan encinci yenza ukuba amazwe angaphandle ahlawule ngokuthengisa abathengi bangaphandle, ngaloo ndlela ukugcina uqoqosho olusekelwe ngaphandle lwamazwe angaphandle.
Ngenxa yoko, uqoqosho lwamaTshayina lwaluya kubandezeleka kakhulu, ukuba alukho ngaphezu kwelo, le-United States ukuba i-China yayingakuyeka ngokukhawuleza ukuthenga ityala le-US.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukugcina ingqalelo ukuba ekubeni iChina ibambe isikhundla esinjalo kwisikweletu se-US, isizwe sinomdla onomdla wokugcina impilo yemarike yeSebe lezeMali. Ngokwemvelo, oku kunika inkxaso enkulu eChina ukuba iphephe nayiphi na isenzo esenza ukuba amanani eNondyebo agxilwe.
Xa uthetha ukuba, i-China yasebenzisa isikhundla sayo esikhulu kwiibhondi zaseburhulumenteni zaseJapan ukuchaphazela iingxoxo eziphathelele ukuthengwa kweJapan kwiziqithi eziphikisanayo ngoSeptemba 2012. Ngaphezu koko, urhulumente waseTshayina waziva ephoqelekile ukubeka ingxoxo kwi-debate yokubambisa ityala ngo-Oktobha 2013. Ngaphantsi kwembini iiveki ukuya kude iUnited States ingadlulela umda, ngaloo ndlela iphakamisa ithuba lokungagqibekanga , uNgqongqoshe weCandelo loLwimi lwaseTshayina, u-Zhu Guangyao, waxwayisa abezombusazwe base-US ukuba "iwashi iyakuthi" kwaye yathi, "Siyacela ukuba iUnited States iyinyanisekileyo kuthatha amanyathelo okulungisa kwisithuba esifike ngexesha ngexesha lemiba yezopolitiko ejikeleze ityala lokukhusela kunye nokukhusela ityala le-US elingagqibekanga ukuqinisekisa ukukhutshwa kotyalo-mali lwaseTshayina eUnited States. "Oku kunceda ukubonisa ukuba iChina iyakwazi ukuzama ukuchaphazela ikhosi yeziganeko EUnited States xa ivakalelwa ukuba izithakazelo zayo zisongelwa.
Kuthiwani ukuba iChina iphoqeleke ukuyeka ukuthenga ubutyebi be-US?
Enye inkalo yoqoqosho lwe-China inxamnye nokukwazi ukutshala imali kwiNondyebo njengoko yenzayo kuma-1990 nakwa-2000. Kwaphela iminyaka, i-China yenze ixabiso lemali ye-dollar ngenxa yexabiso layo lezorhwebo kunye ne-United States. Ezi iidola kufuneka zityalwe ngenye indawo, kwaye iMarike yeMarike yase-US - ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu - yayingenye yeendawo ezimbalwa iChina eyayingakwazi ukuyibuyisela kwakhona i-greenbacks yayo engaphezulu ngaphandle kokuphazamisa imarike. Namhlanje, nangona kunjalo, i-surplus yorhwebo ye-China iyancipha - kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba idola elingaphantsi ukutyalomali kwiiNondyebo.
Funda kabanzi malunga nale ngxaki, kunye nefuthe layo lentengiso, kwinqaku elenza ukuba i-China ithenge i-Treasury e-US embalwa.
Ungagxininisi iMigangatho yeeMhlaba
Umgca ophezulu: inqanaba elikhulayo le-Ndoleko yase-US liyingxaki, kwaye kubemi abaninzi, ipesenteji ephakamileyo yeeNondye ngoku ezibangelwa yimpumelelo yezoqoqosho iyanzima nakakhulu.
Nangona kunesizathu esilindele ukulindela ukuba i-China izakubandakanya nayiphi na inyathelo eya kubakho kwimfazwe yezoqoqosho, kunokwenzeka ukuba kunyanzelekile ukuba kuthenge ubuncwane obuncinci ngenxa yokunciphisa i-surplus yorhwebo.
Oko kwathiwa, abatyali-mali ngabanye bahlala bebhetele kangcono ngokukwakha iipotfoliyo zabo ezixhomekeke kwiimeko zabo ngokwazo kunokuba iindaba zeendaba okanye iinkalo zomhlaba jikelele.