Inkcazo: Ulwimi kwi-mortgage okanye izenzo ezithembekileyo ezivumela umnini-mboleko ukuba abize imali mboleko ngokukhawuleza kwaye ehlawulwe xa umnikazi uthengisa ipropathi okanye uthumele ityala kwipropati. Phantse yonke imboleko namhlanje iqulethe isahlulo sokuhlukanisa, oko kuthetha ukuba isihloko asikwazi ukudlulisela kwaye umthengi akakwazi ukuthenga phantsi komboleko okhoyo ngaphandle kokubangela isigwebo esithengiswayo.
Isizathu esithengiswa kwisigatshana sithengiso sinye into efana nesahlulo sokuhlukanisa.
Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokwahlukana okufunyenweyo kwizithuba ezininzi zentembeko lulandelayo, ukusuka kwi-US Securities and Exchange Commission:
"Kwimeko apho iPropati okanye nayiphi na inxalenye yalo okanye nayiphi na inzala kuyo ithengiswa, ihanjiswe okanye ihlukaniswe nguTrustor, nokuba ngaba ngokuzithandela okanye ngokungenakuzibandakanya, ngaphandle kokuba kungavunyelwe ngumthetho, yonke inyanzelekileyo ekhuselwe yilo
isixhobo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiminyaka yokukhula echazwe kuyo, ukhetho lomnini kunye kwaye ngaphandle kwemfuno okanye isaziso, kuya kuhlawulwa ngokukhawuleza. "
Kungenakwenzeka ukufumana nanini na imali ekhoyo ekhoyo namhlanje engayifumananga nalo mhlathi. Nangona kungenakucaciswa ngokucacileyo, icandelo lokuhlukanisa liyakwenqabela ukudluliselwa kwepropati yangempela ngaphandle kokuhlawula imali ekhoyo.
Indlela yokubuya xa ukuxhasa ngemali kubonakaliswa kakhulu ekupheleni kwee-1970 nakwii-1980 e-United States, ngokukodwa eCalifornia apho ndivunyelwe khona, abameli bezindlu zangasese bathetha ngetyala le-1974, uTucker v. Lassen Savings and Loan.
Le nkundla yayiyinkundla yamatyala ephawulekayo ebandakanya isivumelwano sokuthengisa umhlaba. Ngokuqinisekileyo uthe umboleki-mali wayengenalo ilungelo lokubiza umnini-mboleko ohlawulwayo kwaye uyahlawulwa ngenxa yokuba ayikwazanga ukubonisa ukuba ukhuseleko lwayo lonakaliswe xa kuthengiswa ukuthengiswa kwisivumelwano somhlaba .
Abaninzi bee-estate agents ngexesha lexesha bahlanganisa ukuthengwa kwemali yokuthengisa apho umthengi athola khona ityala elilinganayo ngekhontrakthi yomhlaba kwaye ahlawulise umboleko wemali, ngaphezu kokuhlawula umthengisi ngokulingana komthengisi.
Kwakuyimilinganiselo ephezulu yenzalo eyenza abathengi baxhomekeke ekuxhaseni imali yokudala.
Ukukhawuleza kwimeko ye-1978 ye-Wellenkamp v. IBhanki yaseMelika. Isigqibo sesigqeba sesibini senkundla yaseCalifornia saqinisa ukuba yiyiphi iCandelo 711 yeCrafonia Civil Code esele ichazwe, ukuba umboleki akakwazi ukunyanzelisa isigxina sokutshatyalaliswa ngokubiza i-mboleko efunekayo kwaye ihlawulelwe ukuba ukhuseleko lwalowo mboleko lube lubi okanye lusengozini yokukhubazeka. Emva koko, amakhaya amaninzi ayithengisa phantsi komtsalane oshiyekileyo kunye nokunene, njengokuba bekungekho nangomso, ecaleni-ukunyuka kwamaxabiso e-18% ayenjalo.
Kwakunzima ukuvala ukuthengwa emva koko kwiintsuku ezi-7. Abathengi babebeka phantsi i-7% ukuya kwe-10% yentengo yokuthengisa, ngokwaneleyo ukuhlawula iikomishini kunye neendleko zokuvala, ukuthatha isihloko phantsi kweemali-mboleko kunye nokwenza i-backback finance kumthengisi ngendlela yesibini okanye yesithathu. Ngandlela-thile, bekufana ne-Wild West. Amagcisa aqonda ukuxhaswa kwemali adala izinto ezininzi, kwaye i- Get Rich Quick seminar ishishini yazalwa.
Ngokukhawuleza, iimbumba zemali zokudala zazingabonakali. Le yintsimi entsha kwintengiso yabaninzi bezindlu kunye nabaxhasi babo. Kwakhona kwimozulu evuthayo yokusetyenziswa kakubi kunye nobuqhetseba.
Emva ko-1982 iGarn-St. Umthetho waseJamani, ubuninzi beenkqubo zokuxhasa ngemali ngokukhawuleza zayeka. Nokuba kuthengiswa kwendlela yokuqeshisa , okudalwe kunye nokwakhiwa njengendlela yokuqhawula umyalelo wokutshatyalaliswa, kwagqithiswa.
Kwiminyaka elandelayo, inzala yenzalo yaqala ukuhla, eyenza ukufumana imali entsha yokuthenga imali yinto ekhangayo kubathengi basekhaya bokuqala. Oku kufaka iimboleko eziqhelekileyo kunye nee-FHA izikweletu ekubuyiseleni. Kwakukho iimali-mboleko ezimbalwa ze-FHA eziza kuthatyathwa ngaphandle kokucingwa ngokusemthethweni, kodwa njengoko iminyaka yayiqhubeka, kwakukho ezimbalwa kunye ncinane kwale mboleko. Namhlanje, akukho.
Ewe, inxalenye yale nto yabangela ukubolekwa kweengxowa-mali ezingama - 80/20 ezenze igalelo eliyingxenye kwiCrash Market Crash ngo-2007. Abathengi abanokukhupha isibilini, bengenakho ukubuyisela imali, bavunyelwe ukuba bathathe imali ye-100%.
Sonke siyazi into eyenzekayo xa kuthengiswa imarike ngo-2008. Izidingo zokuthenga ngemali namhlanje zinzima kakhulu, kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukufumana imali yangoku.
Ngelo xesha lokubhala, u-Elizabeth Weintraub, CalBRE # 00697006, nguMthengisi-Associate eLyon Real Estate eSigramento, eCalifornia.