Kutheni i-index index ingaba yintengiso kuphela oyifunayo
Ezinye iindleko zeemarike ezisetyenzisiweyo ziquka uRussell 2000, uluhlu lweemarike ezi-2,000 ezinkampani ezincinci; i-Wilshire 5000, equka onke amasheya okulingana ase-US afikeleleke ngamaxabiso; Umyinge we-Dow Jones weMveliso, owona myinge olinganiselwa kumaxabiso angama-30 asetshenziselwa ukuthengiswa ngokusesikweni (ii-industrial components), i-NYSE Composite, isalathisi esibandakanya zonke iinkampani kwiNew York Stock Exchange, kunye neNASDAQ Composite, equka amawaka eenkampani kwi-stock exchange ye-NASDAQ.
Ngoko kutheni ufuna uncedo lweengxowa-mali ngenye indlela, ingxowa elawulwa ngokunyanisekileyo ? Iimali zeengxelo azixhomeki kubaphathi ukuba bakhethe iisitokethi. Bavame ukulandela ukuhamba kweemarike ezinkulu. Iimali ezilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo zifuna iimphathi ezikhethileyo zokukhetha izithuthi emva kwazo ukubetha imarike. Ininzi yabo ayinayo. Enyanisweni, uphando lubonise ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, iimali zenkcazo zihlala zingaphelelanga imali. Nesi sizathu sokuba ingxowa-mali ingakulungele.
Iimali zeeNkcazo zinemivuzo engaphantsi
Ngenxa yokuba akukho baqashi bee-stock ukuhlawula, iimali zenkcazo zivame ukubiza ixabiso elingaphantsi kweemali ezilawulwa ngempumelelo. Iimali zengxowa-mali eziphathekayo eziqhelekileyo malunga ne-1.25 ukuya kwi-1.5%. Unokufumana i-index index evela kwiVanguard, Fidelity okanye iT. Rowe Price kwintlawulo yonyaka engaphantsi kwama-0.50%. Enye inketho kubalimi-mali abafuna iifizi eziphantsi kukukhetha i- fund exchange exchange fund (ETF). I-ETF zifana neenkcazo zeemali ezihlangeneyo kodwa zithengisa njenge-stock.
Zombini iingxowa-mali kunye kunye nee-ETs zikunika iinqunto zokutshala imali ukuba ufuna into encinci ngaphezu kwengxowa elawulwa ngokunyanisekileyo kunye neendleko eziphezulu.
Akunakuvakala ngathi kuninzi, kodwa emva kwexesha ezi ntlawulo zongeza. Kwaye banokuyidla ngokubuya kwakho. Ukuba unethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukufumanisa i-fund ebetha ukusebenza kweemarike ezinkulu nge-1%, kodwa uhlawula i-1% ngaphezulu kweso sikhwama kunokuba ungayifumana kwi-index index yemarike, uyaphakamisa ukuba ungabetheli i-index.
Naluphi na uhlobo lweengxowa-mali ozikhethayo, kufuneka uhlale ubheka iimali ezingekho mthwalo . Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho mali yokuthengisa ebiza ngexabiso okanye iikhomishini zokuhlawula.
Iimali zeeNgxowa zininzi zerhafu-ezifanelekileyo
Esinye isiphumo sokuzama ukuthenga nokuthengisa ezininzi izitokisi kumzamo wokubetha i-marhwebo: uhlawula izinto ezininzi zokurhweba. Oku kwenza imali elawulwa ngokukodwa ngaphantsi kweentlawulo zentlawulo kunokuba zithengise imali, ezithe zenze ukuthengwa okuncinci kwaye kunoko zinyathele kwibhaksi yemali-mali esetyenziswe ngaphambili. Kwakhona, ezi ntlawulo zingabonakala zingabalulekanga ziqwalasela ubungakanani bezinye iimali, kodwa zongeza. Kwaye banokuchaphazela umgca wakho.
Iimali zeeNgxowa-mali ziyakunceda udibanise
Ngenxa yokuba iimali zenkcazo zivame ukulandela amanqaku eemarike ezibanzi, unokukwazi ukufumana lula kwi-potifoliyo yesitokhwe. Ngokomzekelo uRussell 3000 Inkcazo ilandela ama-3000 yeenkampani ezinkulu kwi-US IWilshire 5000 yaziwa ngokuba yi-index yexabiso lemarike, kuba ilandelela kakhulu inkampani nganye kwimarike yemasheya.
Iimali ezilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo ziza kubeka iinjongo okanye iikhrayitheriya ezisetyenziswayo ukukhetha utyalo-mali. Ngokomzekelo, i-fund ingenjongo yokukhupha i-S & P 500 ngokutyalomali kwiinkampani ezingabalulekanga. Oko kuthetha ukuba abaphathi kufuneka bafumane ezo zibalo zibonwa zingabalulekanga, kwaye phakathi kwazo kufuneka zikhethe iimpahla ezicinga ukuba ziya kwenza kakuhle.
Ngaphandle kobunzima ekukhetheni abaphumeleleyo ngesicwangciso esinje, umphathi angashukumisela ukutyalomali kwiqela elincinci leempahla endaweni yeqela elikhulu elinciphisa umngcipheko. Ukuzama ukufumana ukutyalwa kwemarike ebanzi ngokusebenzisa imali elawulwa ngokunyanisekileyo kunokuthetha ukuba neengxowa-mali ezininzi-oko kuthetha iimali ezingaphezulu.
Iimali zeengxowa-mali ezenza njengeMakethe
Ukhumbule inxalenye malunga nendlela imali elawulwa ngayo ngokusemthethweni izakuzama ukubetha i-S & P 500? Iimali ezininzi ezilawulwa ngokuzimisela ziza kubonakalisa ukusebenza kwazo kwisahlu. Kuba ukuba awukwazi ukubetha i-market ekhudlwana, ufuna ukwenza kunye nokwenzayo. Kwizame zabo zokubetha i-S & P 500, abaphathi bafanele bazame ezininzi iintengiso, ukuthenga nokuthengisa kulo nyaka. Ngokuqinisekileyo, abanye abaphathi bafanele babe nesitokhethi ngexesha elithile. Unokuba ubabone beza kutyalwa kwamaphephancwadi.
Kodwa akunqabile ukuzinzileyo kwixesha elide. Yingakho imali "eshushu" ayisoloko iyatshisa iminyaka emininzi kumqolo. Enyanisweni, ukuba ingxowa-mali yayinomnyaka ophelileyo kunyaka ophelileyo, imbali ibonise ukuba mhlawumbi ungcono ukuhlala kude kulo nyaka.
Iimali zenkcazo ngeloyilo ziya kuqhuba rhoqo kunye nezohlomelo zazo. Xa imarike inomnyaka omkhulu, ngokunjalo ngaba batyalo-mali beengxowa-mali.
Kukho ezinye iigqeba zeemarike apho ukuqokelela i-stock kungenza umehluko. Xa ukhetha iikhampani ezincinci okanye iinkampani zokurhweba ezithengayo, umzekelo, imvelaphi yomphathi okanye ulwazi lweenkampani azifakelayo zinganceda. Kodwa ukuba ufuna isicwangciso-mali esilula, esincinci-mali-mali, inkcazo yenkcazo ingaba yintengiso kuphela oyifunayo.