Imisebenzi yokuQala kwiNgqesho yomhlalaphantsi ingenza umehluko
Ukucwangcisa umhlala-phantsi ngumnye wemingeni ebalulekileyo yezemali oyakujamelana nayo ebomini. Ukudala isicwangciso esifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho kuya kukunceda ugcine umkhondo wokufumana ukuzimela kwemali kamva ebomini.
Kodwa ukuba wenza enye yezi mpazamo "ezinkulu ezintathu" xa udala isicwangciso sakho sokuthatha umhlalaphantsi emva kokuba uqale umsebenzi omtsha, unokujamelana nemimqobo emikhulu kwindlela yokufumana inkululeko yemali.
Ukungagcini Okwaneleyo okanye Ukulinda ixesha elide ukuQala
Xa usemagqabini okuqala umhlalaphantsi wakho wemisebenzi mhlawumbi akukho ndawo ikufutshane noluhlu lwakho lwemingeni yobomi kunye nokukhathazeka. Xa usu-20s kunye ne-30s wakho unako ukugxila ekuhlawuleni imali-mboleko yomfundi kunye neebhilidi zekhadi lesikweletu okanye ukuhlawula iindleko zokuphila kwansuku zonke. Ezinye iinjongo zemali kwizinto zakho zokutyeba zingase zithenge ikhaya okanye uzama nje ukwakha loo ngxowa-mali engxamisekileyo ukuva abacwangcisi bezemali bakuxelela oko kuyimfuneko.
Zonke ezi njongo zemali kunye nemingeni zilwa nolwabiwo olunzima olufunyenweyo kwibhajethi yakho. Yingakho kulula ukuba wenze iphutha lokucinga ukuba unokwenza ugcine ulondoloze ixesha elizayo ukuze wenze ixesha elilahlekileyo okanye ubeke ukugcina ngokupheleleyo.
Abanye bathembela kakhulu kumqeshi wabo ukuba bancede bakhethe ukuba bangakanani ukufaka isandla kwisicwangciso somhlala phantsi kwisimo esingagqibekanga ngexesha lokubhalisa ngokuzenzekelayo. Ingxaki ngale ndlela izinga lakho lokuqala lenkxaso alinakwanela.
Isicwangciso esona sigqwesileyo sokuqinisekisa ukuba ulondoloze ngokwaneleyo kukuba usebenze ukubalwa komhlalaphantsi wokuqala xa uqala ukuseta i-akhawunti yakho yomhlalaphantsi kwaye kwakhona kwakhona ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ngonyaka.
Le nkqubo iya kukuvumela ukuba ufumane ubungqiqo obuqinileyo bokuba uza kuyilungisa kangakanani ukuze ugcine impilo yakho efunayo ngexesha lomhlalaphantsi kwaye ungathembeli kubahlobo bakho kunye nabo basebenzisana nabo ukukhokela esi sigqibo esibalulekileyo.
Kudla ngokucetyiswa ukuba uqale ngenjongo yokuqala ukugcina ubuncinane i-10-15% yengeniso yakho ngonyaka ngonyaka wekhosi yakho. Zama okungenani ugalelo olwaneleyo ukufumana umgca opheleleyo kwisicwangciso sakho somhlala-phantsi emsebenzini xa umlinganiso womqeshi unikezelwa ukuba ugcine u-15% okanye ngaphezulu kungenangqiqo ekuqaleni. Ukunyusa rhoqo umrhumo wonyaka ngamnye ngokuzenzekelayo yindlela enye "yokugcina ingakumbi ngomso" ukuba umgangatho wokunyuka kwezinga lomnikelo unikezelwa kwisicwangciso sakho somhlalaphantsi. Ukuba le nto ayifumanekanga, misela isikhumbuzo sekhalenda ukwenzela ukwandisa iminikelo okungenani 1-2% ngonyaka. Ungaphinda ufune ukufaka ukunyuka kwexesha lokuhlawula okanye iibhonasi kwiakhawunti yakho yomhlalaphantsi. Umgca wezantsi uzimisele ukugcina imali kwaye uhlawule phambili kumhlalaphantsi wakho!
Ukungabi neSicwangciso Kususela Ekuqaleni
Ukuba uke waya kwivenkile yokudlela enezinto ezingaphezu kwe-200 zemenyu uyazi ukuba unesidima sokunyaniseka xa unyanzeliswa ukuba unciphise ukhetho lwakho. Ikusasa lakho lezezimali libaluleke ngakumbi kunokuba usidle.
Ezinye izigqibo ebomini zinokubonakala zinzima, ngakumbi xa siyazi ukuba zibaluleke kangakanani.
Ukukhetha ukhetho lwakho lokuqala lotyalo-mali kwisicwangciso sokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kunzima kubabaninzi bethu kuba asinayo yonke into yokuzithemba kwezemali ukwenza isinqumo esicacisiweyo. Inyani le nto kukuba izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zikhona ukuze zisincede senze ezi zigqibo kunye nokuba ngumtyali-mhlaba-mali ufuna isicwangciso esisisiseko. Ukuba awunayo ibhola ebhaliweyo isicwangciso sakho sokulondoloza umhlala-phantsi ongasinakunceda ukuhlawula iinjongo zobomi ezibalulekileyo.
Isicwangciso sotyalo-mali esisisiseko sinceda sincede sigweme izigqibo zesimo esinokusiphosa izicwangciso zethu. Xa amaxesha athathwe kakhulu kwiimarike zentengiso, abatshali-zimali abaninzi bathambekele ekugqibeleni ama-stocks kunye nokutshala imali ngokuzimeleyo. Vumela ukunyuka kweemarike kunye neentsikelelo zakutshanje ukukhwabanisa kude nemarike yamasheya kungaba yimpembelelo enkulu xa ukhona kumanyathelo okuqala emisebenzi yakho.
Kungenxa yokuba kugxininisa kuphela kwimingcipheko yemarike yoshishino kungabonwa kwangaphambili kwaye kukubonise umngcipheko omkhulu kwaye kuyingozi yokukhupha imali yakho.
Ukutyalwa kotyala-mali-mali, qwalasela ukusebenzisa ixabiso eliphantsi, isicwangciso-mali sokugcina imali esigxile ekunikeziseni i-asethi (okanye ukuba ulwahlula njani i-akhawunti yakho kwiikhosi ze-asethi ezifana ne-stocks, iibhondi, i-asethi yangempela kunye nemali). Oku kuza kusebenza kangcono kunokuba nje uzame ukukhetha abadlali abaphezulu ukusuka kwiminyaka edlulileyo. Indlela enye yezandla zokutyalomali kwiipotifoliyo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezibonelela ngesikhokelo sobugcisa ziquka ukukhetha i-assets allocation mutual fund ehambelana nokunyamezela. Ngenye indlela, i-target fund yokubambisana yesikhokelo esilungisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba isetyenziswe ngokuqhubekayo xa usondela kumhlalaphantsi.
Ukungenzi Uninzi lweeNkcazo zeRhafu-eziPhambili
Abaninzi abasindisa umhlalaphantsi benza impazamo yokungayisebenzisi ngokugcwele ngonyango olulungileyo lwentlawulo ye- 401 (k) izicwangciso kunye nee-IRA. Ii-akhawunti zomhlala-phantsi zemveli ezifana ne-401 (k) izicwangciso kunye nee-IRAs ezichithwayo ziqala ukuqala kwekhanda elihle ngenxa yokuba ufumana ikhefu lokukhawuleza kunye nekhono lokunciphisa imali engenayo engenayo. Umlinganiselo we-IRS we -401 (k) yi-$ 18,000 kunye nomda wegalelo we-IRA ngu-5 500 $ ngo-2016.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekileyo yokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo iakhawunti yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kukuba yenza ukuba imali yakho yokufumana imali ikhule kwi-tax-backerred basis. Xa udibanisa le ngeniso yerhafu kunye negunya lokuxhamla inzala, umcango wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi uqala ukubonakala unzima kakhulu. Ungasebenzisa kwakhona ingcamango yendawo ye-asethi ngenzuzo yakho ngokunikela kwiRoth 401 (k) okanye i- Roth IRA ukuze ufumane inzuzo yokukhula kwentlawulo yerhafu. Qaphela nje ukuba i-akhawunti yeRoth ixhaswa ngemali ngeerhafu yentela. Ngenxa yoko, esi sicwangciso sisebenza ngokusemgangathweni xa ungadingi ukuhlawula imali engenayo engenayo yonyaka okhoyo okanye ukuba ulindele ukuba ube kwi-bracket ethe xaxa ngexesha lomhlalaphantsi.
Ngokuncipha kweempesheni kunye nokuxhalaba malunga nokusebenza koKhuseleko loLuntu , kuya ngokucacileyo kucacile umthwalo wemali yomhlalaphantsi kuthi kuthi ngabanye. Ukuba ukhusela ezi mpazamo eziphezulu eziphezulu xa udala isicwangciso sakho somhlala-phantsi, uya kukwazi ukulinganisela ubomi ngoku namhlanje uxolo lwengqondo ukuba uyazilungiselela ukuzimela ngokwemali kwimali yomhlalaphantsi (kungakhathaliseki ukuba le njongo ibonakala ingakanani na okanye kuchaza "umhlalaphantsi" wakho).