Makhe ukhethe i-fund ephethe unyaka ogqithiseleyo kumhla wakho wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi njengengxenye yegama layo - umzekelo, ukuba ulindele ukuhlala phantsi ngo-2030, unokukhetha iNgxowa-mali ye-Fidelity Freedom 2030-kwaye i-asethi yakho iya kutyalomali kwi-fund inkampani icinga ukuba umxube ofanelekileyo weempahla kunye nezibophelelo zalo mhla wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi.
Kuza kutshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo ukudibanisa ngokuhamba kwexesha, ekubeni utyalomali ngakumbi njengoko usondele kumhlalaphantsi.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-401 yenkampani yakho (k) isicwangciso esiya kuba nesicwangciso sakho sotyalo-mali, oko kuthetha ukuba xa ungenzi naluphi utshintsho, iimali zakho ziya kutyalomali kule ngxowa-mali. Kodwa iimali ezijoliswe ekujoliswe kuyo-mali azikho ngaphandle kwazo.
Utyalo mali Qaphela
Ukuba awuqaphelanga, inzuzo enkulu yeengxowa-mali ezikujoliswe kuyo ingabangela ingozi, kunye negama elithi "set-and-and-forget-it" elikukhuphayo kwiqondo lobuxoki nokuxhalabisa. Kungenxa yokuba ingxowa-mali inomnyaka wakho wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi egameni layo, akukho siqinisekiso sokuthi ngokuqinisekileyo sifanelekile ixesha lakho lotyalo-mali kunye nesimo sengqondo-ezi zibini ezibalulekileyo ekuqaliseni ulwabiwo lweefa ezifanelekileyo.
Ngethuba loLuntu oluPhambili lwama-2008, abanye abatyala-mali ngo-2010 iimali ezijoliswe ekujoliswe kuyo zilahlekelwa yimali eninzi xa i-marketke yehla malunga nama-40 ekhulwini.
Mhlawumbi bekulindele ukuba imali yabo ityaliwe ngokunyamekela, ekubeni ingxowa ye-2010 yayijoliswe kubantu abazimisele ukuhlala phantsi kwiminyaka emibini nje.
Oku kwaqakraza ukukhangela okuphambili kwiimali zosuku lokujolisa. Thatha iinkampani ezininzi ezibonelela ngemali yosuku lokuthatha umhlala-phantsi olujoliswe kumhla wokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ofanayo kwingqondo kwaye uza kufumana iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwabiwa kweefa-ngamanye amaxesha ezahlukileyo.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuhlaziywa komhla wokujoliswa kweemali 2040 iimali ezinikwe yimindeni yeengxowa-mali ezili-10 ezijoliswe kuzo ekujoliswe kuyo ngamashishini phantsi kolawulo zifumene izabelo zokulingana ezivela kuma-71 ekhulwini kwindlela eya kuma-95 ekhulwini.
Eyona Ngxowa-mali Enhle
Ingaba usuvele utyalomali kwi-fund-date-fund okanye ucinga nje enye, thabatha imizuzu embalwa ukufumanisa isabelo sakho se-asethi esisebenzisileyo usebenzisa ithuluzi le-intanethi, njenge-Vanguard's Investor Questionnaire.
Emva koko, ukuba ulinganiselwe kwintsapho enye yeengxowa - njengokuba kunjalo nokuba utyalo-mali kwindawo yomsebenzi 401 (k) icebo-fumana i-fund-date fund ejongene kakhulu nolwabiwo. Kungenzeka ukuba awunjalo kunye nomnyaka wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi owenzelwe igama lakho!
Ngokomzekelo, masithi uneminyaka engama-35 ubudala kwaye ucwangcise ukuthatha umhlalaphantsi kwiminyaka engama-70-oko kukuthi, malunga nomnyaka we-2052. Unokucinga ukuba ufanele utyalomali kwingxowa-mali engama-2050 ukususela ngaloo mhla uhambelana kakhulu nomhla wokuhlala umhlalaphantsi we-2052. Ukuba unokufikelela kwiimali ezijoliswe kwi-Vanguard-date-time, isabelo sayo se-2050 yesabelo semali sinesabelo se-90% / 10 se-stock / bond.
Kodwa loo nto inokuba yintlonelo eyabelwe isabelo sakho. I-questionnaire ye-investor efana neVanguard ingakhombisa ukuba i-80% / i-20 ekhulwini leempahla / iibhondi zokwabiwa kwempahla ngokusekelwe kwimpendulo yakho kwimibandela malunga nokunyamezela komngcipheko.
Ukufumana loo ma-80 epesenti / ipesenti e-20, ufanele ukhethe i-Vanguard 2035 fund. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba isicwangciso sakho sokusebenzela indawo sisebenzisa i-American Funds, imali yayo engama-2040 ihamba ngokukhawuleza ngokulinganayo nokwabiwa kwee-asethi.
Isikhwama se-target-target will get you in the right-allocation allocation allocation boxpark, kodwa umxube we-asethi ochanekileyo uya kuhluka ukusuka kwinkampani ukuya kwinkampani, ngoko kukukwenza uphando kwaye ukhethe i-fund ehambelana nezidingo zakho.
Ukulinganisa amaxabiso aphantsi
Ukuba ukhululekile ukukhetha phakathi kweentsapho ezininzi zeengxowa-mhlawumbi i- 401 (k) isicwangciso sakho sikunika ukufikelela kwiwindow ye-brokerage, okanye utyalomali ngokusebenzisa i- IRA- hamba enye inyathelo. Fumana iimali ezijoliswe kumnqophiso ukusuka kwiintsapho ezininzi zeengxowa-mali ezifanisa ulwabiwo lweefa ezifanelekileyo, uze ukhangele enye ngexabiso eliphantsi kweendleko.
Phakathi kweemali ezili-10 ezijoliswe ekujoliswe kuyo ngomhla we-2040, ukulinganiswa kweendleko zivela kwiqondo elingaphantsi kwe16.
Kuzo zonke i-$ 1,000 ezityalomali, eziguqulela kwiindleko zonyaka ze-$ 1.60 ukuya kwi-9.40. Akumangalisi kukuba, ukuthelekiswa kwendlela loo mali eyi-10 eyenziwa ngayo ngo-2016 ibonise enye ngenani lexabiso eliphezulu elenza kakubi kakhulu (i-5.2 yeepesenti yokubuyisela) kunomlinganiselo wexabiso eliphantsi (i-8.7 pesenti yokubuya).
Khetha ngokuKhathalela
Iimali zeemali ezijolise ekujoliswe kuzo ziza kuba nenjongo ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni izigqibo zokwabiwa kwempahla . Nangona kunjalo, ungavumeli ukulula kwabo kukubangela ukuba ungathembekanga. Ukukhetha isikhwama nje ngokuba unomhla wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi obekelwe phantsi njengenxalenye yegama lakhe akwanele. Thatha ixesha lokufumanisa isabelo sakho sempahla kwaye ukhethe i-fund eyenzelwe ngokufanelekileyo.