Kutheni i-China Market Stocks ifana neCasino
Laba baphathi babamba i $ 4.75 trillion kwiimpahla.
Ngo-2015 kunye no-2016, ixabiso elikhulu eliguqukayo lenza imakethe yaseChina ibonakale njengekhasino. Esinye isizathu sokungabi nantoni kukuba i-market ithengiswa ngokuthe ngqo. Iipesenti ezi-7 kuphela zabaseTshayina abanamasheya. Ekubeni ukuthatha inxaxheba kuphantsi kakhulu, abatyali abatyali abambalwa abanamaphesenti angama-80 ezabelo ezirhwebayo. Baqhuba ixabiso lentengo kwiimakethe zakwa-China.
Iinkokheli zaseChina zikhuthaza utyalo-mali njengenxalenye yokuguqulwa koqoqosho . Imarike yempahla ephilileyo iya kubakhokelela iinkampani ezincinane ezincinci kwaye zikhulise ukukhula koqoqosho kweChina . Kuza kunika enye ityala kwibhanki. Njengomzamo wokunciphisa ukunganyaniseki, iKhomishana yokuLawula iZiqinisekiso zoTywala yaseChina yakha i-circuit breakerers ngoJanuwari 2016. IKhomishoni yashiya i-breakers emva kweentsuku ezine kuphela kuba zenze izinto zibe zibi nakakhulu.
Ngokungafani nemakethe ye-stock yase-United States, imakethi ye-stock market ayibonakali kwimpilo yezoqoqosho zaseChina .
Ixabiso elipheleleyo leempahla ezithengiswayo ekuthengiseni kwayo kuphela kwisithathu sesiphumo sazo soqoqosho, njengoko kulandelwa nguMkhiqizo weMveliso yaseKhaya. Okuthelekiswa nama-100 ekhulwini kumazwe amaninzi athuthukile.
E-China, ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezingama-20 zobutyebi bendlu ezisemakethe yemasheya. Kunoko, abaninzi banotyalomali ngokupheleleyo kwi-estate.
Leyo marike ipholisa emva kokutshisa. Amabhanki kuphela anikezela ngezinga elincinci lentengo kwi-akhawunti yokulondoloza, ekubeni ibhanki ephakathi igcina amazinga aphantsi ukwenza imali ephantsi. Akukho mali yoKhuselo lweNtlalo okanye ipensheni yaseChina, ngoko ke abasebenzi bawasindisa ngokukhawuleza ukuhlawula umhlalaphantsi wabo.
I-Stock Exchange Exchange
Kukho ukutshintshana ezimbini kwilizwe. I-Shanghai ne-Shenzhen zatshintshiselwa nguRhulumente waseTshayina ngo-1990 njengendlela yokuphucula umnotho waseChina. Ukutshintshiselana kwemali yesitokhwe yaseHong Kong kuhlanganiswe kwezinye iintetho zamaTshayina. Oko kwenza inxenye yeHKEx ibe yinto ehlukileyo kwi-stock market yaseChina.
I- Shanghai exchange exchange (SSE) yinto enkulu kunazo zonke zaseChina. Iimali zentengo yazo zonke iimarike ziyi $ 4.71 trillion ngo-Matshi 2015. Uninzi lweenkampani ezibhalwe ziinkampani ezinkulu, eziseburhulumenteni ezijongene nokukhula kwezoqoqosho eChina . Uninzi lwabatyalomali yimali yempesheni kunye neebhanki. I-SSE itholakala eShanghai, kwingxowa-mali yeChina.
I- exchange exchange yaseShenzhen (SZ) yintsebenziswano encinci. Imali yayo yemarike yayingama-3 trillion ngo-Ephreli 2015. Itholakala e-Shenzhen, e-Guangdong, enye yeedolophu zaseChina zamandulo. Kuhamba ngeeyure ezimbini ukusuka eHong Kong. Uninzi lwabatyalomali ngabanye.
I-Shenzhen iqhuba amaqabane amancinci, amashishini amashishini athile.
Ukukhula kwabo kuyinkalo ebalulekileyo yokuguqulwa kwezoqoqosho eChina . Kungenxa yokuba ezi shishini ezizimeleyo zizinto ezintsha kwaye zinenzuzo kuneenkampani zikaRhulumente. Iinkampani ezininzi zezobugcisa zidweliswe apho, ukwenza le nshintsho efana neNASDAQ.
Thelekisa iShailand ukuya eShenzhen ngeCandelo
| Icandelo | Shanghai | Shenzhen |
|---|---|---|
| UkuThengisa | 28% | 60% |
| ZeMali | 32% | 7.2% |
| Imigodi | Ngaphantsi kwama-3% | 15% |
| Zothutho | 5.1% | Ngaphantsi kwama-3% |
| Izindlu ezithengiswayo | Ngaphantsi kwama-3% | 4.9% |
| Izixhobo | 4.5% | Ngaphantsi kwama-3% |
| I-Retail kunye neRaily | Ngaphantsi kwama-3% | 3.3% |
I- Hong Kong Exchanges kunye neClearing Limited okanye i-HKEx , iyimakethe yemasheya kunye neemarike ezithengayo. Ku-Hong Kong, umbuso-dolophu owasuswa kwi-United Kingdom waya eChina ngo-1997. I-Mainland yaseChina ithetha umlawuli waseHong Kong, kodwa inayo imali yayo, inkqubo yesigqeba, kunye nelo mthetho ukususela ngo-2047.
I-Hang Seng isalathisi esilandelayo ukutshintshaniswa kwesitokhwe saseHong Kong.
Ngomhla kaNovemba 2014, urhulumente waseTshayina uxhaphaza utshintsho lweShanghai kunye no-Hong Kong utshintshiselwano ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ye- Shanghai-Hong Kong Connect . Abemi baseTshayina bavunyelwe ukuba bathengise i-$ 1.7 yezigidigidi ngosuku. Inkqubo ye-Connect ivumela abatyali-mali basemzini ukuba bathenge amasheya eenkampani zaseTshayina. Ngaphambi kwenkqubo, kuphela abemi baseTshayina kunye nabaphathi abambalwa beengxowa-mali bangaphandle banokuthengisa urhwebo lwamaShayina. Kwakhuthaza nabasindisi baseTshayina ukuba bathenge ama-stocks kwaye bafumane imali ephezulu.
Inxalenye yecebo likaMongameli Xi Jinping lohlaziyo loqoqosho lokunceda amaqumrhu aphantsi kweemali zikarhulumente. Ixabiso lezabelo eziphezulu zibavumela ukuba bakhulise imali kwimarike yemasheya.
Iinkampani ezininzi sele zidweliswe kwiShenzhen naseHong Kong. Ixabiso lentengo lidla ngokuba ngamaxabiso angama-25 e-Hong Kong ngaphandle kweShenzhen. Olu mtsalane lwabatyalo-mali belizwe lonke.
China Index Index
I-Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index ilandelelanisa i-Shanghai exchange. I-SHCOMP yenza oku ngokulandelela intlawulo yansuku zonke ye-A-share kunye ne-B-shares ezilinganiselwe inani elipheleleyo lezabelo ezikhutshwe. Oko kuthetha ukuba utshintsho lwexabiso lweenkampani ezinkulu luchaphazela isicatshulwa ngaphezu kwala mafemu amancinci. Oko kuthetha ukuba yinkcazo enomlinganiselo-mali, njenge-Standard & Poor's 500.
I-Shenzhen Index ithatha amanani entengo kuwo onke ama-A kunye no-B kwi-exchange exchange yaseSenzhen. I-SZCOMP yi-index-weighted index.
I-Hang Seng Index ibonisa ukutshintshiselana kwempahla yesitokhwe saseHong Kong. I-HSI ibika ixabiso leenkampani ezinkulu kunye nabaninzi abadityanisiweyo kwi-Hong Kong. Akukho nkampani inokumela ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezili-10 zexabiso lexabiso. Njengengxelo yeShanghai, iyananisa ixabiso lentengo ngesamba sezabelo. Kwakhona iyanzima ubunzima bezinto ezihamba ngokukhululeka. Kukho ezine i-indices: I-Trade kunye neShishino, iMali, iiNkonzo kunye neZakhiwo.
Imbali
Intengiso yokuqala yaseShina yavulwa kuma-1860s eShawai. Ivalwe iminyaka engama-41 ngexesha lokuguquka kwamaKhomanisi. Ngo-1990, i-Shanghai Stock Exchange yavulwa kwakhona. Abatyalomali abazimeleyo bathenga izabelo zamashishini karhulumente.