YoTshintsho lwezoQoqosho lwaseChina

Kutheni Kufuneka Iguqule okanye ilahleke

Ulungiso lwezoqoqosho lwaseChina luyicebo elide lokusuka kwi- economic command ukuya kuqoqosho oluxubekileyo . Oko kuthetha ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa kwangoko kwindlela yokukhula koqoqosho kuzimisele. Akuyena uphawu lokuwa. Kuhambelana nesicwangciso sexesha elide uMongameli waseTshayina u-Xi Jinping wakhululwa ngoNovemba 16, 2013. Esi sicwangciso sahlaziywa ngoDisemba 2015.

I-"Made in China 2025" icebo licebisa ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe. Idatha enkulu kakhulu, iinjoni zeenqwelo-moya kunye neemoto ezicocekileyo.

I-China iye yaba yinkokheli yehlabathi kwitheknoloji yelanga. Ukunciphisa imveliso yensimbi kunye nelahle. Iinkokheli zaseChina zanyathelisa iinkcukacha zenkqubo yesicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu eyabhalwa ngo-Oktobha. Iya kuqhubeka nokuhlaziywa okuchazwe ngo-2013. Iikhokeli zehlabathi ziba nomdla ngakumbi kwiiplani zikaMongameli Xi ngoku.

Ukuba uyayiqonda le meko yokuguqulwa kwezoqoqosho, zonke izilumkiso malunga nokunciphisa okanye ukuwa kweChina kuya kuba nzima. Oko kubandakanya iipesenti ezi-3 eziphantsi kwe- yuan ukuya kwi-dollar rate exchange rate kunye ne-Julayi yehla kwimakethi ye-stock market ngo-2015. Ichaza intshukumo ye-China yokuba i- yuan ibe yi-currency reserve currency . I-China iye yaba yizoqoqosho ngobukhulu behlabathi

Isicwangciso soShintsho lwezoQoqosho eChina

Ukutshintshwa kwe-China kuya kutshintshwa koqoqosho ukusuka kwelinye kwiinkcitho zikaRhulumente, iinkampani ezisemgangathweni, kunye neendleko eziphantsi kweendleko. Ishukumisela ekutshatyalaliseni imali yangasese, ukuveliswa kwamashishini kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamakhaya.

I-China idinga ukunciphisa ukungaphaya kwamandla kwiifekthi. Kumele ivumele i-marhwebo ukuba ilandele i-stockpile yamakhaya atshantshiweyo nabangenamntu. Ifuna ukunciphisa iindleko zoshishino kubahwebi. Ngenxa yoko, iChina ikulungele ukwamukela izinga lokukhula kwe-6,5 ekhulwini.

Iinkampani zaseburhulumenteni zase-China ziintsika zokukhula koqoqosho.

Kodwa abaninzi banqanyulwa, bengasebenzi, kwaye bengenakunceda. Baye kwintsimbi, iiglasi, kunye namanye amashishini akwenzayo. Ukuguqulwa kwamanyathelo okuphucula ukutsala abatshali-zimali abazimeleyo. Kodwa badala ugugu lwezinto eziphathekayo. Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunokubangela ukuhlawulela okuye kwasungula imigudu yokuzimelela.

URhulumente uza kukhulula ulawulo lwamanani emanzini, umbane kunye nezibonelelo zendalo. Iinkampani kula ma shishini zidibanisa kwaye zibe zikhulu. Kodwa kufuneka bazuze.

Ziza kubalwa kwakhona kwiivenkile zentengiso yaseChina ukuze zibenokuphendula. Ngenzuzo, baya kuhlawula iipesenti ezingama-30 zemali ezuzwayo njengenzuzo kuorhulumente. Imali iya kusetyenziswa ukuxhasa iinkqubo zokhuseleko loluntu ngo-2020. Oku kuvumela abantu baseTshayina ukuba basindise ngaphantsi, bachithe ngaphezulu kunye nokunyusa imfuno.

I- "eyenziwe eChina 2025" icebo ngokucacileyo liphucula icandelo loshishino. Ijolise kwizinto ezintsha kunye nobungakanani obuninzi. I-China ibona ithuba lokuba yinkokeli yehlabathi ekuphuhliseni oluhlaza. Ukufezekisa ezi ziphelo, iChina iya kukhulisa isakhono sayo somntu.

I-innovations iya kuhluma kuphela xa i-China iqinisa ukukhuselwa kwamalungelo epropati yengqondo. Urhulumente kufuneka avumele amafemu ukuba azwakalise imilinganiselo yabo yobugcisa.

Bamele bakhululwe ngokukhululekile ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwimimiselo yomgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe.

Urhulumente udala amaziko angama-40 okuvelisa amashishini ngokutsha ngo-2025. Kwakhona ifuna iipesenti ezingama-70 zezinto eziphambili zokuvelisa ngaphakathi ekhaya ngo-2025.

Isicwangciso sibeka phambili amacandelo 10.

1. Itheknoloji entsha yeenkcukacha zobuchwepheshe.
2. Amathuluzi omatshini azenzekelayo kunye ne-robotics.
3. I-Aerospace kunye nezixhobo ze-aeronautical.
4. Izixhobo zoLwandle kunye nokuthunyelwa kwezinto eziphezulu.
5. Izixhobo zothutho zesitimela samanje.
6. Izithuthi ezitsha kunye nezixhobo.
7. Izixhobo zamandla.
8. Izixhobo zolimo.
9. Izinto ezintsha.
10. Biopharma kunye neemveliso zonyango eziphambili.

Ukulungiswa kwebhanki kuyakudala inkqubo yezemali kukhuphiswano. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, urhulumente unciphise amazinga omdla ukwenzela ukuboleka lula. Kodwa i-American Enterprise Institute yathi kuphela iinkampani ezinamakhondo anetyala elingaphezulu. Iingxowa zenkampani ngamaphesenti angama-160 e-GDP, aphindwe kabini kwi-US ye-70 ekhulwini.

I-China izuzwe yinkqubo enkulu yebhanki yezitembu eyafaka endaweni yamabhanki amancinci angasese. Kodwa oko kwakha ubuqhetseba obuninzi.

Ngo-2014, urhulumente uhlawula iibhankithi zebhanki. Kwaye kwavumela iibhanki ukuba zikhulise umlinganiselo wenzalo kubaxhasi bemali. Lezo zimbini zenza ukuba abanye bakwazi ukuchitha kunye neebhanki ezingaphezulu ukuboleka. URhulumente naye wakhuthaza ukudalwa kwamabhanki amancinci athile. Baxhaswa ngemali kwiinkampani ezintsha ezintsha eziqhuba ukhuphiswano.

Innovation iza kunceda ezi nkampani zikhule ngokwaneleyo ukuze ziqalise ukunikezela ngomnikelo wokuqala . Kwixesha elidlulileyo, urhulumente wagqiba ekubeni ziphi iinkampani ezinokubeka uluhlu kwiimarike. Ulungiso luya kuvumela iinkampani ukuba zenze izigqibo zazo.

Lo mngcipheko omkhulu uqaliswe ngokucophelela. Urhulumente uya kuvumela ezinye iinkampani ukuba ziyihlawule ngaphandle kokuzigxotha. Oku kuya kubangela ukulahleka kwebhanki ukuba urhulumente uzakuzama ukulawula.

Ibhanki Yabantu baseChina ithatha amanyathelo okuvumela i- yuan ukuba ithathe indawo ye-dollar yase-US njengengqolowa yelizwe . Njengenyathelo lokuqala ekuthengiseni imali yamazwe ngamazwe, i-yuan ngoku ithengiswa kwiLondon naseSingapore. Oku kuza kuvula i-China kwi- investments yangaphandle yangaphandle .

Ezi tshintsho ziyadingeka kodwa zingozi. Amanye amazwe, afana neNorway, iArgentina, neThailand, akhululekileyo amacandelo abo emali kuphela ukufumana ubunzima bebhanki kwiminyaka embalwa.

Ukwenza oku kulungelelaniso ukuguqulwa kwamkela, uMongameli Xi naye wanikela ngokukhululeka . Ababini bangaba nomntwana wesibini ukuba omnye umlingane ungumntwana kuphela. Oku kuya kubangela ukuba abasebenzi behla. Iikampu zomsebenzi ziya kupheliswa. Lezo zijeziso ngaphandle kwenkundla yokugweba, abahenyukazi nabangenamakhaya.

Abasebenzi basemaphandleni baya kugcina ilungelo labo kwiinkonzo zikawonkewonke xa befudukela kwindawo edolophini emsebenzini. Abalimi banokuthengisa umhlaba wabo endaweni yoorhulumente basekhaya abalawula ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Oku kuya kuba kuchaswa ngabaphathi basekhaya abaxhomekeke kwimali evela kulaba baqokelelwayo ukuhlawula amatyala abo. Urhulumente angavumela ukuba iindawo zendawo zibeke iirhafu eziphezulu. Oku kungakuphazamisa ukulinganisela kwamandla phakathi kwabo. Ukuba ngaba yimpumelelo, le nyathelo iya kukwandisa ukubonelelwa kwabasebenzi kwizorhwebo zasemadolobheni.