Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwe-Japan, iTunami kunye neNkliya yeNhlekelele

Impembelelo yezoqoqosho eJapan kunye neNdawo ephumayo yehlabathi

Ngo-Matshi 11, 2011, inyikima enkulu ye-9.0 kunye ne-tsunami ephakamileyo ngamanqina angama-100 yanyusa iJapan ngasentshonalanga-mpuma. Ubuncinane abantu abangama-28 000 bafa okanye balahleka. Abangaphezu kwama-465,000 babefuduswa. Abantu abaninzi kuloo ndawo babekhulile. Imizamo yokuhlangula yayinzima ngenxa yemozulu ebanda kwaye yaphazamisa iindlela zokuhamba.

Ukwenza izinto zibe zibi nakakhulu, amaza awonakalisa isityalo samandla enyukliya saseFukushima, ekwakheni ukuvuza kwe-radioactive.

Ekuqaleni, iinjineli zazingenakuyeka ukuvuza. Nangona emva kokuba beyenzile, kuthatha inyanga ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukukhutshwa. Izaphulo ziboniswe ngobisi kunye nemifuno. Kwabonakala ngokufutshane kwiindawo zokusela amanzi eTokyo. Izinto zokwenzela i-radioactive zaqhubeka zivuza kwi-Ocean Ocean, ziphakamisa amanqanaba ukuya kumawaka angama-4 000 umda wezomthetho.

IJapan yachaza ukuphula umthetho kaFukushima kwiNqanaba lesiThoba kwiSizwe soMbane weSizwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba "kwakukhulu ukukhululwa kwemisebe, kunye nemiphumo yezempilo nemvelo," ngokutsho kwe-International Atomic Energy Agency.

Oko kukubeka kwinqanaba elifanayo njengentlekele yenyukliya yaseChernobyl . Kodwa ukuwa kwe nyukliya kwakuneyona yeshumi kuphela nje engalunganga njengaseRashiya. Kulapho, umlilo ovuthayo wawutshabalalisa iinqununu ezinomsoco kwi-jet stream ngeentsuku. Yayingcolisa ilizwe elikufutshane kwaye yada yaya eYurophu .

Impembelelo kwi-Economy yaseJapan

I-"Triple Disaster" yabhubhisa umnotho waseJapan ngeendlela ezine.

Okokuqala, yabhubhisa izakhiwo ezili-138,000 kunye neendleko zeeRandi eziyi-360 ezigidi zezoqoqosho. Oku kungaphezu kwe-250 250 yezigidi zexabiso eliqikelelwa kwiNkupho uKatrina . Ingqungquthela ibanjwe ngasentshonalanga yeJapan. Lo mmandla wawujongene neepesenti ezingama-6-8 zelizwe lemveliso. Oku kwenza ukuba kubi ngaphezu kwenyikima enkulu ye-Great Hanshin kufuphi neKobe, eyayixabisa ubomi obungaphezulu kwama-6,000 kunye ne-100 billion yezigidigidi.

Kulapho, ukwakha kabusha kwathatha iminyaka eyisixhenxe.

Okwesibini, ikhubaze i-nyukliya kwishishini lenyukliya. Ezilishumi elinanye eziseJapan ezingama-reactors ezingama-50 zavalwa ngokukhawuleza emva kwentlekele. Oko kwanciphisa ukuveliswa kombane welizwe ngama-40 ekhulwini. Isikhala esikhulu esidlangalaleni kwisizukulwana senyukliya sabangela ukuba ezinye ezingama-22 zivaliwe ngoMeyi 2011. Izilwanyana zaqhubeka zivaliwe ukuvavanya nokuhlolwa. Ngo-Meyi 2012, kwakungekho nanye osebenzayo.

Ngenxa yoko, iJapane kwakufuneka ifake ioli ukuze ithathe isikhundla somthamo. Oku kubangele ukuba irekhodi lokurhweba kwezorhwebo . Izityalo ezimbini zaqaliswa ngo-Ephreli 2013. Zabaleka kwaSeptemba 2013, xa zivaliwe ukugcinwa.

UNdunankulu uShinzo Abe uxhasa ngokukhululeka izityalo. Amandla angeniswa kwamanzi avela kwingingqi yeGulf ayininzi kakhulu kulolu hlanga. Kwakhona zenze ingozi enkulu ye-geopolitical. UAbe waqinisekisa abahlali beentlanzi ukuba imigangatho yokhuseleko lwenyukliya yeJapan yayinzima kakhulu kwihlabathi.

Nangona liphela lizwe elijongene nokuhlaselwa kwezixhobo zenukliya, iJapane yanquma ukuthembela kumandla enyukliya emva koo - 1973 i-oil embargo . Ngexesha leentlekele, amandla enyukliya anikezelwe ngokukhuselekileyo kwisithathu sombane welizwe.

Okwesithathu, i-Bhanki yaseJapane inikezela ukuthengiswa kwemarike ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kweemarike zemali .

Kodwa igalelo lexesha elide lalinobungozi kumnotho welizwe okhulayo. Ukwakhiwa kabusha kwakhulisa umnotho. Kodwa yayingekho ngaphezu kwenyuka yesikolo ityala . Ngaphambi kokuba le ntlekele, sele isele iphindwe kabini iJapan yezoqoqosho.

Okwesine, uqoqosho lwaseJapan lwalusanda kuqalisa ukubuyela kwiminyaka engama-20 yokuchasana nokunciphisa . Kwakubonakala ngathi kulungiswa ngo-2010, xa umkhiqizo owenziwe ekhaya wenyuka ngamaphesenti amathathu. Inyikima yongezwa kuphela kwimingeni yezoqoqosho. Ukongeza kwidala elikhulu likarhulumente, iJapane ijongene namaxabiso okunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nebhola labasebenzi abaguga.

Abaninzi bazibuza ukuba iJapan yayiza kuthengisa i- US Treasurys ukuhlawula ukuhlaziya kwakhona. Yenza le inyanga eziliqela emva kokuzamazama komhlaba kukaHanshin, ngokutsho kukaNancy Vanden Houten, umhlalutyi kwi-Stone & McCarthy Research. Oku bekuya kunciphisa ixabiso le dollar , kwandisa iindleko zokungeniswa kwi-United States.

Kodwa iJapan ayifuni ukuthengisa i-Treasurys. Kwakwazi ukuxhasa ngemali inkqubo yokwakha kwakhona ukusindisa abantu.

Indlela Yanciphisa Ukukhula Kwezizwe

Ingqungquthela kunye ne-tsunami yabonakalisa kwaye bavalela iiports eziphambili. Ezinye ii-moya zivalwa ngokufutshane. Oku kwaphazamisa ukuthengiswa kwehlabathi jikelele kwezinto zokusebenza kunye nezinto zokusebenza. IJapan yenza iipesenti ezingama-20 zeemveliso ze-semiconductor zehlabathi. Oku kuquka inkqubela ye-NAND, inxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-elektroniki ye-iPad ye-iPad. IJapan iphinda ihlinzeke ngamaphiko, ukuhamba kweempahla kunye nezinye iindawo ezinkulu zeBoing's 787 Dreamliner.

I-Automakers Toyota , uNissan, Honda, Mitsubishi kunye no-Suzuki okwenziweyo okwesikhashana. UNissan wacinga ukuhambisa umgca wokuvelisa eMelika. Isiqhamo sezityalo ezingama-22 kuloo ndawo, kubandakanywa no-Sony, zavalwa. (Imithombo: "Ukwaphulwa kwiReactor," Associated Press, ngoMatshi 25, 2011. "Impembelelo ebonakalayo yezoqoqosho esuka kwiJaji yaseJapan," i-ABC News, ngoMatshi 12, 2011. "Iingcali zihlula kwi-Economic Impact," iStock Analyst, ngoMatshi 13, 2011. .)