Iifayile, iiTrasti kunye neziNdlu
Xa ucinga malunga nokuthanda kunye nokucwangciswa kwempahla , unokucinga ngetekisi yecalamatic ye-classic: Igqwetha liqokelela iindlalifa ezixhasayo (kunye nabaphangi) kwiofisi yakhe ukuva ukufundwa kwentando, ukufunda ngokuphawulekayo ukuba ngubani ocebileyo owafa ebenomvuzo ( kwaye yiyiphi echasayo yayiza kubhikisana nentando). Le ngqungquthela yomdlalo mhlawumbi yaba nefuthe kubantu abaninzi ukuba bakholelwe ukuba ukuthanda kunye nokucwangciswa kwezindlu kwakuphela kwisityebi abafuna ukuhlambalaza kunye neentsapho zabo.
Enyanisweni, kubantu abaninzi, ukucwangciswa kwezinto eziphathekayo kweempahla kubonakalisa imifanekiso yabameli kunye nabanki-mabhanki abaxubusha ngokuxubusha amathenda ayizigidi-mali, ukuphepha umntu werhafu, kunye neemeko eziza kubeka kwindawo efanelekileyo ukuya kwisihlobo esifanelekileyo.
Kodwa akusiyo yonke into. Uninzi lwabantu, kwanabo abaneendlela ezinokuthobeka, lunokubakhululela abo bathandekayo iintloko ezinzulu kunye nokucwangciswa kwempahla encinane. Masichithe ixesha elincinci sixoxe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo zokuthanda, iinkolelo kunye neendawo.
Impahla
Yivama igama elithi "indawo," kwaye unokucinga ngomntu onamagosa ayisithandathu-imoto, idama elikhulu, iinkundla zeentennis kunye nezitiya. Kodwa ngokwenene, ifa liphela yipropati yakho kunye namalungelo epropati. Xa usweleka, ipropati yakho kunye namalungelo akho kwipropati akafi. Basaphila kwaye kufuneka bahambe kwindawo ethile. Indlela loo propati elawulwa ngayo kwaye isasazwa kuxhomekeke ekubeni uyafa uvavanyo- oko kukuthi, ngokuthanda-okanye intando , ngaphandle kwentando .
Ngubani Unomdla?
Ngokutsho komvakalisi wezomthetho uLexisNexis, eUnited States malunga namaphesenti angama-55 abantu abadala abanakho ukuthanda okanye baceba ukutshintshwa kweempahla xa befa.
Phakathi kwabase-Afrika-baseMelika, eli nani liye lahla kuma-68 ekhulwini, kwaye phakathi kwe-Hispanics, ama-74 ekhulwini anakho. Kweminye uphando, amanani aphezulu.
Kwakungekho into emangalisa ukuba abantu abasebancinci banako ukuthanda kunabantu abadala. Ngokwenziwe uphando oluqhutywe yi-US Legal Wills, malunga nama-65 ekhulwini kulabo angama-65 nangaphezulu anenjongo, ngelixa abangaphantsi kwama-15 ekhulwini abo ba-18-24 babika ukuba banomdla.
Ingaba kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukuba abo abanemali ephezulu bayakwazi ukuba necebo lokuhlala endaweni? Akunjalo. Ucwaningo lwe-Wills Legal Law lubonisa ukuba abantu abanemali ephezulu, ye-$ 100,000 ukuya kwi-149,000 ye-$ kuphela abayi-9,6 ekhulwini yexesha.
Loo nani ukhula ukuya kuma-15 ekhulwini kulabo abanemali engenayo engaphezulu kwama-150,000. La manani awancinci ngabazala babo abangaphantsi abafumana imali engama-R25 000 ukuya kumawaka angama-74,000, abanobuchule bokuba nexesha elizayo malunga neepesenti ezingama-28 zexesha. Uvavanyo olufanayo, nangona kunjalo, lubonisa ukuba abantu abanemali ephezulu banakho amathuba okuba nenjongo, kodwa enye ingekho kumhla.
Ngaba uya kulwa noNo
Ukungenalo intsingiselo akuthethi ukuba abathandekayo bakho baya kuphepha inkundla. I-Probate ibhekisele kwinkqubo inkundla isebenzise ukuseka ukuqinisekiswa kwentando. Xa umntu efa ngaphandle kokuthanda, loo nkundla inyanzeliswa ukulawula ifa. Ubume beempahla okanye uhlobo lwabantu abaya kulidla lidla ngokunyanzelisa ulawulo lwenkundla.
Iimpahla ezingenanto
Amanye amaxabiso angadlulela kwindlalifa nje ngokuba akukho mfuneko yokupasa isigxina kwipropati. Isakhiwo somntu siqu njengefenitshala kunye nezinto zokugcoba ngokuqhelekileyo aziyi kuba namaxwebhu okuseka ubunikazi. Ukuba isakhiwo sakho sinezakhiwo ezingenamxholo, akukho mfuneko yokuya enkundleni ngaphandle kokuba izindlalifa zingavumelani nendlela yokuhambisa ipropati phakathi kwabo.
Iimpahla eziPhuma ngaphandle kweProbate
Ukuba ingaba unayo intando okanye unayo, ezinye iimpahla ziya kudlulela kwiindlalifa ngaphandle kwenkqubo yovavanyo kunye ngaphandle kwemfuno yentando. Ukuba lakho lilizwe lomhlaba wepropati, uza kuthatha ubunini bodwa ubuncinane isabelo sakho sempahla yoluntu. Ezinye izinto zithunyelwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngenxa yokuba ziyikhontrakthi kwimvelo kwaye zifuna ukuba ukhethe umxhamli oza kuthatha ubunikazi xa udlula. Ezi ziza kubandakanywa intengo yomshuwalense wobomi, i-annuities kunye neenzuzo zokufa, kunye neakhawunti ezininzi zomhlalaphantsi. Iibhanki zebhanki zihlala "zihlawulwa ngokufa" ezikuvumela ukuba ubeke igama lomzuli. Kwimeko nganye, ekubeni sele usukhethile apho ufuna ukuba imali ihambe khona, akukho mfuneko yokungenelela kwinkantolo ye-probate.
Ulawulo lwentliziyo
Ezinye ii-asethi, njengezithuthi kunye nezakhiwo, zifuna amaxwebhu ukuba adlulise isihloko. Ukuba umnini uswelekile, ngokuqhelekileyo indlela yokuphela kwesihloko isetyenziswe inkundla kunye nenkundla yenkundla.
Xa uswelekile (ngaphandle kokuthanda) i-estate yakho iya kuhlala isadingeka ukuba ihambe kwinkqubo yolawulo.
Ekubeni akukho nto ifuna ukubonakalisa umnqweno wakho, umthetho welizwe ngokuphathelele ukulandelana kunye nelifa kuya kuthatha. Wonke urhulumente unesicwangciso esiya kutyhola amanyathelo, kodwa nantsi inkqubo eqhelekileyo :
- Omnye uqala ityala kwiinkantolo.
- INkundla inquma ukuba akukho nto iyakuthi iqeshe umlawuli (ngokuqhelekileyo ilungu losapho okanye indlalifa).
- Umlawuli ubutha ifa, uchonga izindlalifa kwaye azisa ababolekisi.
- Umlawuli uhlawulela impahla, ahlawule amatyala kunye nentlawulo kunye neendleko zolawulo (njengemali yommeli kunye neentlawulo ze-akhawunti).
- Umlawuli unikela ngemali eseleyo ngokwemiselo echazwe kwimimiselo yelizwe.
Ubunzima obujongene nolawulo lwama-intestate
Ulawulo lwezolawulo luhlala lude, lungafanelekanga kwaye ludleko oluqhubekayo kuba umlawuli uvame ukufunwa imvume enkundleni yonke into. Umlawuli uya kuchitha ixesha elininzi ecela amakhotho enkundla aze eze kwiindlebe. Ulawulo lwentlungu luza kuthatha iminyaka emibini okanye ngaphezulu.
Ulawulo lwama-intestate lunokuthwala ubuncinane okanye alukho nxamnye neengcinga zomntu ofileyo. Nokuba uthetha intombazana yakho ukuba ufuna ukuba abe namacici eeparele kamama wakho kwaye angathanda ukubona ukuba umhlobo wakho omhle ufumana imoto yakho, umlawuli ungaphantsi koxanduva lokunamathela kwabo. Enyanisweni, umlawuli uya kunyanzelekiswa ngumthetho welizwe ukuba athengise ezo ngxowankulu aze asasaze ezinye iimpahla njengezinye iindlalifa njengoko kuchaziwe ngumthetho.
Uninzi lwexesha, umgudu kunye nemali esetyenzisiweyo kwi-intestate administration ingagwenywa xa ufa ngexesha elizayo.
Uvavanyo - Xa Ufa NgeNtando
Kodwa-ke, ukuthanda, kukhulula kakhulu iirhasi, kugqiba ukuba iinqwenela zakho zenziwa xa kunokwenzeka, kwaye ngokubanzi kwenza ubomi bube mnandi kakhulu kulabo abaxanduva lokuba nempahla emva kokuba ushiye eli hlabathi.
Intando ayiyikuguqula imiqathango yokudluliselwa kwezo ntlobo zepropati echazwe ngasentla eziya kudlula ngaphandle kolawulo okanye uvavanyo, njengenzuzo yomshuwalense. Ngokuqinisekileyo, uya kuqinisekisa ukuba abaxhamli kunye nabasayineli badibeneyo bagcinwa ngokukhawuleza.
Esikhundleni somlawuli oqeshwe yinkundla, uya kukhetha umphathi . Umqhubi usebenza nomsebenzi ofana nomlawuli ngaphandle kokuba ummeli unamandla okuzimela kwaye akafunwa ukuba afumane imvume yenkundla nganye yesenzo. Oku kuya kunciphisa iindleko zeengxaki, ukuvumela ukugqithiswa ngokuthe kratye kwaye ngokukhawuleza kweefayili.
Kwaye, ke, unako ukuyalela ukuba ipropati yakho ihanjiswe naliphi na indlela oyikhethayo.
Indima yeTrust in Planning Estate
Ithemba liyiziko okanye isivumelwano esivumela wena, njengomnikezeli okanye umnikeli, ukuba uthumele umntu kumntu, owaziwa ngokuba ngumphathiswa , ukuze kuzuze umntu wesithathu, obizwa ngokuba ngumxhamli . Iingxowa zisoloko zisetyenziselwa ukucwangciswa kwempahla ukuba zisebenzise ngokuncedo unyango lwerhafu olulungileyo, ukubeka iimeko malunga nokusetyenziswa okanye ukusabalalisa i-asethi, okanye ukuvumela izindlalifa ukuba zithathe ifa ngaphandle kokungena. I-trustee ibambe i-asethi kwisithuba sokugcina, esithetha ukuba umphathiswa unomthwalo ophezulu wokubona ukuba i-asethi igcinwe kumzuzi.
Iintembelo zisebenzela ezintathu iinjongo eziphambili:
- Ziyakuvumela ukuba ulungelelanise iimfuno zakho zokusetyenziswa kweempahla zakho
- Baya kunika imali eninzi yentlawulo
- Bangakuvumela ukuba ugweme ukuhlola iimpahla ezithile
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkolelo, kwaye umthetho wombuso unquma oko kuza kufumaneka kuwe. Iingxowa nazo ziphantsi komthetho othile wesigqeba, ngokukodwa kwindlela abaphathwa ngayo ngenjongo yentlawulo yerhafu. Ukuba ipropati idlula ixabiso elithile elincinci, iirhafu zomhlaba zerhafu ziyahlolwa.
- I- spendthrift trust ingasetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngengeniso kubantwana kude kube yilapho ikhulile ngokwaneleyo ukulawula ilifa labo.
- Iimfuno ezizodwa zithemba ziya kuqinisekisa ukuba indlalifa eneemfuno ezizodwa iya kuba neempahla ezifanelekileyo ukubonelela ezo zidingo
- Isizukulwana sokunqumla ukuthembela siya kudlulisela iifayili kubazukulu
- I- inshorensi yobomi bentsholongwane iqulethe inshorensi yobomi kwimpilo yomniki-mali kwaye iqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuphepha iintlawulo zezindlu.
- I-trust ye-QTIP inikezela ngeniso kumlingane, ize idlule intsalela yezinto eziphathekayo kwezinye iindlalifa
- Unokuba usenokusekela ukubethelwa kwepilesi ukubonelela bakho abathandekayo abangabantu abangabahlobo.
Izikhokelo Zokuphila
Ithemba lokuphila liyindlela yokuba ulondoloze kwaye ugcine ukulawula i-asethi yakho nangona ungenakho ukukhubazeka. Inokunciphisa isidingo sokuba ngumgcini okanye ukugcinwa kwempahla ukuba awukwazi ukwenza izigqibo ngokwakho. Ungazibiza ngokuba ngu-trustee ukwenzela ukuba ugcine ukulawula i-asethi ngexesha lokuphila kwakho, kwaye unikezele umphathiswa osindayo oza kuthatha ukukhubazeka okanye ukufa. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuthembela okuphilayo kunokukunceda ukuba ugweme uvavanyo.
Iintando eziphilayo ziza kunika ubuninzi bokuguquguquka ngexesha lokuphila kwakho kubandakanya amandla okurhoxisa okanye ukutshabalalisa ithemba njengoko iimfuno zakho ziguquka. Unokwenza ukuba ithemba lingaguquki, kwaye ukuthembela okungafunekiyo ngokuqhelekileyo kuya kuguqulelwa xa usweleka. Ithemba elingenakutshintsho alikwazi ukutshintshwa xa impahla ihanjiswe kuyo. Kodwa, ngokuqinisekileyo, amathenda aguqukiweyo avumela ukuba kubekho imiphumo yerhafu yezindlu.
Lungela
Iifayile kunye nethemba zingasetyenziselwa ukufezekisa iinjongo ezininzi kwaye zi malunga nokuguquguquka njengoko iimfuno zakho neemfuno zakho zifuna. Qinisekisa ukuba ezo zidingo kunye nezifiso zenziwa zifuna ukucwangcisa ngokucophelela ekukhetheni izinto ezintle kunye nezibonelelo zokuthanda. Nangona ifa lakho lihle kakhulu, ukuthanda kunokukwenza ubomi bube lula kubo abo ushiyeyo.