Olu lungiso lwentsebenzo-mali lwaluyisiseko sempumelelo yeprogram yoxanduva lokugcina imali kwaye ichaza ukuba kutheni, nanamhlanje, zihlala zizipho ezidumile kunye notyalo-mali.
Izibambiso ezingathengiyo: Yintoni eyenza iBondings Savings iyodwa
I-United States isoloko ikhupha amatyala, iya kude emva kweMfazwe yeNguqulelo. Noko ke, ezi zibopheko zithengiswa. Oku kuthetha ukuba abo baqala ukubolekisa imali ku rhu lumente ngokuchitshintshela ibhondi ehlawulwe inzala, kamva bathengise loo mboleko komnye umtyalo-mali ngaphandle kokuba urhulumente ebandakanyekayo kwintengiso. Ukuba inani lamanqaku lalingaphezulu, umtyalomali kufuneka athengise isibophelelo kwisaphulelo ukwenzela ukuba ayifumana imali encinci kunezibophelelo ezikhoyo. (Le ngenye yezinto ezisisiseko zokutyalomali kwiibhonkce; xa izinga lentengo likhula, ixabiso lesondlo liyawa kunye ne-visa versa.) Ukukhula kokubambisa ixesha elide (oko kukuthi, xa ibhondi ifuneka ukuba ihlawulwe ngokugcwele kwaye iintlawulo zenzalo ziphelile) , ubukhulu bokuba "ubude" bebhondi.
Umkhulu ubude bexesha, ngokugqithiseleyo ixabiso lentengo liphendulelwe kwiinguqu zenzalo.
Kuba abatyala-mali abancinci, oku kwakungeyona imeko efanelekileyo. Umlimi okanye utitshala angafuna indawo yokubeka iphambili yayo kude kube yilapho efuna ukuhlawula iindleko zemfundo, ukwakha inqolobane, okanye ukubonelela ngesipho kubantwana emtshatweni.
Ukunyuka kwamanani amabhondi kubonisa umngeni onzima. Ngokuqinisekileyo, iklasi ye- capitalist ingakwazi ukufumana umngcipheko, kodwa ezo zendlela eziqhelekileyo azikuthandi ukubukela ukubaluleka kweentlawulo zabo.
Xa uNobhala uHenry Morgenthau, Jr., ephuhlisa inkqubo ye-bonds yase-United States, wayefuna ukubophelelana ngalunye ukuba angabi ngexabiso. Oku kuthetha ukuba abatyalo-mali abazange bakwazi ukuthengisa izibophelelo zokugcina imali kubanye abatyali-mali. Esikhundleni salo, iimbophelelo zokugcina imali zazimele isivumelwano phakathi komthengi wangaphambili kunye noRhulumente waseUnited States. Esi sivumelwano asikwazanga ukudluliselwa. Ukutshintshiselana, izibophelelo zokulondoloza aziyi kuguquka kwixabiso. Abatyalomali baya kuba nako ukufaka imali kwiimali zabo zokugcina imali kunye nokufumana inqununu yabo yokuqala eyimali, kunye nantoni na inzala. Ukudibaniswa nesithembiso esilahlekelwe yimbobo yokugcina imali ingabuyiselwa okanye yatshintshwe, inkqubo yavela ngokukhawuleza.
"Iibhondi zeBantwana" - iBond's First Savings Bonds
I-United States yakhupha izibophelelo zokugcina zokugcina kwiinkalo ezine ezilandelelanayo - Iingqungquthela zokugcina imali, izibophelelo zokulondolozwa kweComplete B, ii-Series C zokulondolozwa, kunye nezibophelelo ze-Series D zokugcina imali-zonke ezidalwe zithengiswa ukususela ngo-1935 ukuya ku-1941. ", njengokuba zibizwa ngokuba zibophelelo zokugcina, zathengiswa kubatyalomali kwiinkonzo ezivela kwi-$ 25 ukuya kwii-1 000, malunga ne-75% yexabiso lokujonga ubuso kunye nexabiso elipheleleyo le-face elifunyenwe xa likhula emva kweminyaka elishumi.
Oku kubangele i-2.9% yentlawulo yonyaka yokubuyisela kubanikazi beebhondi zokugcina. Izibopheko zayeka ukufumana inzala engenayo ngokupheleleyo ngo-Apreli 1951.
Ezi ngqungquthela A ngeD zokubambisa iibhondi zathengiswa ngeofisi zezithuba, kungekhona iibhanki ezifana nezibophelelo zokulondolozwa kwamhlanje, kunye nokuthengiswa ngeposi kunye nezinye iimpapasho zamaphephancwadi. Ezi zibophelelo zokugcina ziphumelele kangangokuba zaphakamisa iibhiliyoni ezingama-4. Ukulungiswa kwemali yokunyuka kwamaxabiso , oku kungaphezulu kwezigidi eziyi-60 zamaRandi namhlanje. Oku kuye kwangqina kanye kunye neengcamango zokunikezela ngexabiso, ukuboleka kweemarike ezikhuselekileyo kubarhwebi abancinci kwaba yindlela efanelekileyo yokuncedisa uluntu, ngelixa lixhaswa inkxaso karhulumente.
Ukuphela kweeNgxowa zeMntwana kunye nokuPhumela koLuhlu lweeSondlo ze-E Savings
Phakathi kweMfazwe yeHlabathi II, ejongene nokunyuka okukhulu kwetyala leSizwe, iSebe lezeMali liye laqonda ukuba lifuna ukudala inkqubo enkulu yokuxhaswa kwemali kwaye yanquma ukukhulisa umlinganiselo weprogram yoxanduva lokugcina imali.
Iingqungquthela A ukuya kwi-D zokugcina izibophelelo zagqitywa kwaye izibophelelo ze-Series E zigcinwe, kunye namavolontiya avela kwiinkwenkwezi zaseHollywood, amaphephandaba, amabhanki, iinkokheli zoluntu kunye namanye amajelo asebenzayo ukuze akhuthaze abemi baseMerika ukuba batyalole kwiimbophelo zokugcina imali ukunceda ukuhlawula imfazwe. Amagosa avela kwiinkampani ezinkulu zaseMelika zisebenza nzima ukuba abasebenzi babhalise kwinkqubo yokubhalwa kweekhredithi zokugcina imali, okuya kubavumela ukuba basindise ipesenteji yabo yokuhlawula kunye nemali ichithe ngokuzenzekelayo kwiiNtshonkco zoLondolozo lweeNgcaciso E.
Ngokutsho kwe-Treasury yase-United States, izibophelelo ezintsha zeChungechunge E zoLondolozo zazibizwa ngokuba yi-"Bond Defence" ngo-1941, "iMfazwe yeMfazwe" ukususela ngo-1942 ukuya ku-1945, kwaye emva koko, i-bond bonds. Kwiminyaka embalwa yokusungulwa kwayo, ukubophelela okutsha kwintsikelelo yaba yinto ebalulekileyo kakhulu kwaye ithandwa ngokutsha kwimbali yehlabathi. Amashumi amabini aseMelika asekhaya asebenzisa imali yawo ukutyalomali kwi-Series E yokugcinwa kweebhondi.
Iingqungquthela zokuqala E zibophelelo zokulondoloza zikhutshwe ngeeminyaka ezi-10 zokukhula kodwa zagqitywa kamva ukuya kwiminyaka engama-30 okanye engama-40 kuxhomekeke kumhla wokuphuma. I-Series E yokugqibela Iibhondi zicwangciselwe ukuyeka ukufumana umdla ngo-2010. Ngowe-1980, izibophelelo ze-E e-Savings zavalwa kwaye zatshintshwa kunye nezibophelelo ze-EE zoLondolozo , eziya kukhishwa namhlanje.
Olunye uqoqo lweeBonds zokuSindisa ezikhishiwe
Kuye kwimbali yesizwe, izibophelelo zongeziweyo ezongezelelweyo zikhutshwe. Iingqungquthela zoLondolozo lwe-F kunye nezibophelelo zeComplete G zikhutshwe phakathi ko-1941 no-1952. Izicwangciso ze-Series J kunye no-Series K zigcinwa phakathi ko-1941 no-1957. Amanqaku okugcina, awaziwa ngokuba yi-Freedom Shares, akhululwa ngo-Meyi 1967 ukuya ku-Oktobha 190. I-Series Series H iimbophelelo zokugcina imali, ezenza i-Series E ibanjwe zibophezele ukugqithisa iibhondi zabo, zakhishwa phakathi kukaJuni 1952 noDisemba 1979. Izibophelelo zokugcina imali ezi-Series H zatshintshwa kwi-Series HH yokulondoloza izibophelelo ngoJanuwari 1980 kwaye zaqhubeka kwada ngo-Agasti 2004, xa bephelile. Iingqungquthela Iibhondi zokulondoloza ziqalisiwe ngo-1998 kwaye ziyaqhubeka zikhutshwa namhlanje.