Eminye imizekelo yamazwe asandul 'ukukhushulwa afaka iChina , iIndia kunye neBrazil , nangona iinkcazo zee- NIC ezibizwa ngokuba yi- NIC ziyahluka phakathi koqoqosho.
Enye into ephezulu yezoqoqosho ingavumelana nayo kukuba i-NIC iyakuthi ibe yindawo efanelekileyo yokutsalwa kwezoqoqosho ekunikeni izinga lokukhula kwezoqoqosho, olwenza ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu kubatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe.
Iimpawu zeeNtshontsho eziTshishino
Amazwe aphuhlisayo amaninzi afakwa njengabantu abanomgangatho ophantsi wokuphila, isiseko soshishino esingaphantsi komhlaba, kunye ne-Index yoPhuhliso lwaBasebenzi (HDI) oluphantsi kwamanye amazwe anamazwe angaphezulu kwezoqoqosho. Amazwe amashishini asandul 'ukukhupha abelana ngezinye zezi mpawu kodwa athambekele ekubhekeleni kwinqanaba lokuba lizwe elizimeleyo kunye elinamandla.
Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonwa kumazwe asandul 'ukukhushulwa zibandakanya inkululeko yonyulo yezoqoqosho, ukwandiswa kwenkululeko, ukuguqulwa kwezolimo ukuya ekuveliseni, ubukho beenkampani ezinkulu zesizwe, utyalo-mali oluqinileyo lwangaphandle , kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza kumaziko asezidolophini ngenxa yokufuduka kwimihlaba yasemaphandleni ukuya amaziko amakhulu amakhulu amakhulu.
Iimarike ezininzi ezikhulayo ziwela phantsi kweqela le-NIC, ngokuchasene neemarike zembambano ezithatha ukuba zininzi. Ngokomzekelo, amanqaku amaninzi eemida ziseburhulumenteni onokungaqiniseki obandakanya izinga eliphezulu lezopolitiko kunye / okanye kuxhomekeka kwinto enye okanye imboni.
Uluhlu lweeNtshontsho eziThengisiweyo
Abathengi kunye nabatyalo-mali baxhaphaza ngokusetyenziswa kwegama elitsha elisemaphandleni, kodwa akukho ncazelo evunyelweneyo. Ngenxa yoko, kukho amazwe amaninzi ahlukeneyo anqatshelwe i-NIC kodwa akusiwo wonke umntu ovuma ukuba yeyiphi amazwe. Ngaphezu koko, udidi luya kutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ixesha, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zezoqoqosho zelizwe.
Amanye amaNIC akhankanyiweyo aquka iBrazil, iChina, i-Indiya, iMalaysia, iMexico, iPhilippines, eMzantsi Afrika, eThailand naseTurkey. Amazwe ahambile ngaphesheya kwamazwe asanda kuphuhliswa ngamazwe kunye namazwe athuthukile kuma-1970 nakwa-1980 afaka amazwe afana neHong Kong , eSingapore, naseMzantsi Korea , njengoko uqoqosho lwazo lukhula.
Amanye amazwe anokuphinda ahluthwe kwiiNIC ukuya kwiimarike zembambano ukuba uqoqosho lwawo luye lwahlaziywa ngenxa yokunyuka kweemeko zezoqoqosho okanye ezopolitiko. Ngokomzekelo, amanye amazwe enze amanyathelo ekufakeni urhulumente wentando yesininzi kodwa ahambe kunye negunya lokuthatha i-autocrat. Ukungabikho kwamandla kumaziko abo kunokubangela ukukhunjulwa kwemo yabo yezoqoqosho.
Ukutshala imali kumazwe amashishini antsha
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe bafuna ukuvezwa kwezi zihlomelo ezikhula ngokukhawuleza kwamazwe zinokukhetha ezininzi.
Indlela elula kakhulu yokutyalomali kula mazwe ngokusebenzisa i- exchange-marketed funds ("ETFs") ezinika ukubonelela ngokubanzi kwezoqoqosho zokhuseleko olulodwa olunokuthengiswa kalula kwiintengiso ze-US ngaphandle kweengozi ezinxulumene nokuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe.
Ezinye ze-NIC ETF zokuqwalasela ziquka:
- I-iShares MSCI BRIC Index Fund (i-BKF) -Brazil, i-China, ne-Indiya ngamazwe amathathu asandul 'ukukhushulwa, okwenza i-BRIC ETF ibe njengolu khetho olufanelekileyo.
- IShares FTSE / Xinhua IChina 25 Inkcazo (i-FXI) - I-China yindawo ephakamileyo ekhutshwe kwipropati, okwenza le ETF enkulu kunye neyabantu abafuna ukufunyanwa.
- IShares MSCI South Africa Index (i-EZA) - UMzantsi Afrika yenye yezona zininzi ezingabambiswanga kunye ne-NIC, okwenza le ETF ibe yinto enhle kubachalo-mali abafuna ukuhluka.
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe banokufuna ukuqwalasela enye yee-ETF ezininzi zelizwe, njengalezi zikhankanywe ngentla kwiChina kunye neMzantsi Afrika, okanye iiReceives zaseMelika ("ADRs") ukujolisa iinkampani ezithile kula mazwe.
I-ADR ziyimfihlo yokuthengiswa kwe-US emele ubuncwane benkqantosi kumazwe angaphandle angathengiswa ngamazwe ngamazwe.
Iingqwalasela ezibalulekileyo zokuKhumbula
Ili gama ilizwe elisandul 'ukukhushulwa libanzi kakhulu kwaye lichazwe kakubi, oku kuthetha ukuba abatyali-mali bamanye amazwe kufuneka baqaphele xa besisebenzisa. Amazwe amaninzi awela phantsi kweli qela lijongene neengxaki ezininzi ezinxulumene nophuhliso lwazo lwezoqoqosho, ezifana neengxaki zezoqoqosho zaseChina okanye iingxaki zezopolitiko zaseBrazil ngo-2015 no-2016.
Nangona kunjalo, amazwe asandul 'ukukhushulwa akufanele agcinwe. I-China kulindeleke ukuba ibe lizwe elikhulu kwihlabathi kwiminyaka engama-50 ezayo, ngeli xesha i-Indiya ingasemva kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza la mazwe ibaluleke kakhulu ukukhula kwehlabathi . Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe kufuneka baqaphele ngokukhawuleza ukuvezwa kwezi ndawo kwiiphothifoliyo zabo ngelixa beqwalasela ingozi.
Ngaphantsi
Amazwe amatsha afumanekayo-okanye ii-NIC - ziimarike ezibalulekileyo kubatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe. Nangona bengabakhuselekile njengamazwe athuthukile, awona mngcipheko kakhulu kunamazwe asakhulayo kwaye anike amazinga okukhula okunyanzelisayo. Abatyalomali kufuneka bahlalutye ngokucophelela la mathuba kwaye babakhile kwiipotifoliyo ezahlukeneyo.