Funda nge-Intestate Law kunye neNqanaba leNtwana kwi-PA
Pennsylvania Law
Umzekelo, ngaphantsi komthetho wasePennsylvania , ngenjongo yelifa, ukusuka kunye nangomntu owamkelweyo, umntu owamkelweyo uthathwa njengomntwana wendalo owamkela abazali bakhe; kwaye umntwana owamkelweyo akacingelwa ukuba ungumntwana wabazali bakhe bemvelo.
IPennsylvania ihlinzeka ngokukhawuleza kulo mgaqo. Umntwana owamkelweyo unokufumana ilifa lakhe kwisihlobo sakhe (kodwa kungekhona abazali bendalo) xa uluntu lwendalo lusoloko luhlala nolwalamano lwentsapho nomntu owamkelweyo. Iigqabaziso zomthetho xa zisetyenzisiwe zithi "[umzekelo] uyaqaphela ukuba ubudlelwane beentsapho kaninzi buqhubeka nootatomkhulu kunye nabanye apho ukutholwa komntwana kungenzeka emva kokufa okanye umtshato womzali."
Ngokomzekelo, uJohn noKatiyati batshata baza baba nendodana, uBuddy. UJohn uyafa. UKreets wakhwela kwakhona. Umyeni wakhe omtsha, uGeorge, uyamkela uBuddy. Abazali bakaJohn, ootata-nkulu boBuddy bemvelo, babandakanyeka kakhulu ebomini bakhe, bahlala kwiindwendwe kwaye bahlala behlala kunye noBuddy. Ngaphantsi kweSitatimende sasePennsylvania, ukuba abazali bakaYohn bafa bodwa, uBuddy, nangona wamkelwa, uya kubadla ilifa kubo.
Baya kuba nguyise ozala obenomtshato nomntwana owamkelweyo.
Ukuba umntwana unikelwa ukuba amkelwe ngokupheliswa kwamalungelo omzali, umntwana akanalo ilifa kumzali ongokwemvelo, nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba umthetho ochazwe ngentla ukufaka isicelo sokubonelela ilifa kubazali nomkhulu.
Isinyathelo Sezingane
Ukuba awamkelwa, abahlali ilifa lomlingane wabo womzali.
Oku kunokudala ezinye iziphumo ezibi. Masithi uAm Amy unomntwana, uJosh. UAmy utshata uDavid ongeyena uyise kaYose. Bahlala ndawonye njengentsapho iminyaka, kodwa uDavid akaze amkele uJos. Oko kuthetha ukuba uJos akayindlalifa kaDave. Ukuba uDavid uyafa ngaphandle kokuthanda, uYosh akanalo ilungelo lefa likaDave njengendlalifa. Abantu abaninzi bayamangalisa xa kwenzeka. Umzekelo omhle wokuba kutheni kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba necebo lokuhlala.
Ukupasa amaLungelo wabantwana kubalulekile
Ngaloo mihla yeentsapho ezidibeneyo, apho abantwana banokuba ngabakho, bam kunye neyethu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abazali benze intando echaza amalungelo abo abantwana. Inokutshatyalalisa ngokupheleleyo intsapho ukuba kuphela abanye abantwana abasemakhaya bazuze ilifa kwaye abanye banqunyulwa ngenxa yelifa lemithetho.
Kuthekani ukuba ukuthanda okanye ukuthembela kubangela ukuhanjiswa kubantwana bomntu, ngaba oko kubandakanya abantwana abamukelweyo? Ngokwenza isicwangciso sokuthanda ukwenza umgaqo okanye ukuthanda umntu ochazwe ngobudlelwane kwaye kungekhona ngamagama (umzekelo, "abantwana bam" okanye "ukukhishwa kukaJohn"), nayiphi na umntu owamkelweyo uya kuthathwa njengomntwana womzali wakhe. Ekuhlaleni ukuthanda komfundi ongeyena umzali owamkelayo, umntu owamkelweyo uya kuthathwa njengomntwana wokuba ngumzali okanye abazali bakhe, kuphela ukuba ukutholwa komntwana kwenzeka ngexesha lomntu omncinciweyo okanye ukuba ubuhlobo bomntwana obengaphantsi kobudala bukhona ngexesha encinci yomntwana.
Injongo Yomda Umda
Umthetho uhluka ukusuka kummandla ukuya kwilizwe, kodwa ngokubanzi, ungamkela kwaye uyamkelwa naliphi na iminyaka. Nasi umzekelo wokuba kukho umyinge weminyaka, uNksz Dowager ushiye intando yokubonelela ukunikezelwa kubantwana bakhe nabazukulwana bakhe. Unyana kaNksz Dowager oneminyaka engama-65 ubudala, uLibertine, akatshatanga kwaye akanabantwana. Nangona kunjalo, unomhlobo osondelene naye, uMfolozy, oneminyaka engama-45 ubudala. ULibertine uyamkela i-Floozy.
Ukuba uLibertine uyafa, u-Floozy ngumzukulu kaNksz Dowager ngokwamkelwa. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni umthetho osemthethweni wokutolika unika ukuba ngokuchazela ukuthanda kukaNksz Dowager, ukutholwa komntwana kufuneka kwenziwe ngexesha lomntu omncinci (phantsi kweminyaka engama-18), ukuba asebenze, u-Floozy akayi kuzuza nayiphi na inxalenye kaMasipala we-Dowagers. (Kwaye mhlawumbi indlela uMnuz Dowager wayeya kuyifuna.)
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantwana bakho abamkelweyo okanye abantwana abanyathelisiweyo banakekelwa emva kokufa kwakho, kulungiselelwe ukuqeshwa nommeli wezindlu othembekileyo ukwenza intando epheleleyo eqinisekisa ukuba umthetho awunakunqweneli izifiso zakho.