Ukutshala imali kwiimveliso zeemveliso zentengiso kunikezela umngcipheko kunye nomvuzo
Inkomfa yesikhombi se-stock yilebhodi ye-crystal yeemarike zezimali-iibhendi kwicandelo lokuthengisa imarike, kunye nokulandelelana kwamanqaku ekwimakethi e-stock market ukufumana umsebenzi.
Imbali yesigxina se-stock, ngokuqhelekileyo, ibuyele emva kwee-1840, xa amafama asekuhlaleni ehlangene eChicago ukuthengisa ingqolowa kumthengisi kubanda, imali enzima-umkhuba owawuthiwa "indawo" yexabiso. Loo mzekelo uguquke ukubandakanya ukuhweba kwixesha elizayo leengqolowa, okwenza umthengisi azi ukuba unjani ukufumana ingqolowa yakhe phantsi kwendlela, kwaye umthengi wayesazi iindleko eziza kuhlawula ingqolowa yakhe.
Emva kwekhulu-nesiqingatha kamva, ukuba "ukuguqulwa kwexesha elizayo" kukhokelela ekudalweni kwesikontrakthi yesikhombiso sesitokethi, eyaqala ukurhweba kwi-Chicago Mercantile Exchange ngo-1997, kwaye isabonelela ngokurhwebayo namhlanje kubathengi kunye nabathengisi Iimbono zexesha elide malunga nokutyalomali-mali-mali.
Ukuchaza i-Stock Index Futures
Ngelizwi, i-stock index index iza kwizivumelwano zomthetho ukuba zithengise okanye zithengise amasheya ngosuku oluzayo, kunye nexabiso elithile. Lo mkhuba wenza ukuba abatyali-mali baqikelele ukusebenza kwexabiso lempahla yezabelo, bebanika ithuba lokubaluleka kunye nokufikelela kwiindawo zokuthengisa ezithengiswayo kwi-24/7 kwiimarike ezilawulwe kakhulu, ngaphandle kokwenene ngokuchanekileyo kwi- market market .
Ngokweyona nto inqabileyo enkulu (ngaphandle kokubonelela ngeentlobo-mpahla zohlobo lweepotfoliyo), unako ukuhlawula imali enkulu ngokubuyisela imali eninzi ngemali encinane. Kodwa yimeko enokuthi isebenze ngokuchasene nekhomishini yesikhokelo sotyalo-mali abaza kubhala kakhulu kwiziphumo zemarike ezizayo, baqhube ngamandla kakhulu kwaye balahlekelwe imali yabo yonke xa iimeko zemarike zihamba nazo.
Ngokubanzi, i-index index futures zixhobo zezimali eziyinkimbinkimbi kwaye kufuneka zikhutshwe ngabatyalo-zimali bezitalato. Ukuba, nangona kunjalo, unomdla malunga nendlela abathengiswa ngayo kwaye unomuva wokuba ufumene i-chops zemali ukusingatha isivumelwano sexesha elizayo, nantsi le nto.
Yintoni Oyaziyo Xa Utyalo-mali kwi-Stock Index Futures
Gcina ezi ngongoma zengqondo xa utyalo-mali kwi-stock index index:
Iintlobo ze- Stock Index Futures : Ngokubanzi, kukho iikhomishini ezine ezisetyenzisiweyo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwixesha elizayo kwizivumelwano zorhwebo ezifumanekayo kubalimi-mali be-US, zonke ezisekelwe kwiimpawu zorhwebo ezinkulu zaseMelika (kuquka iDow Jones Industrial Average, i-NASDAQ 100, uRussell 2000 Index, kunye ne-Standard & Poor's Index 500.)
Imiba yokuThengisa: Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-index index futures ithungiswa ngoxhaswa ngumthengisi wexesha elizayo, owenza usebenze ngokurhweba kwezo zombini zithengi kwaye zithengise iilawuni. Njengempahla yokuthengiswa kweemarike zedashesi yendabuko, zithengela iindawo zokuvumela abatyalo-mali ukuba bazuze kwiimarike ezithengayo xa kuthengiswa ukuba abatyala-mali bazuze kwi-stock market.
Iindleko zoRhwebi: Xa uthengisa iikhompyutheni zesikhokelo sexesha elizayo ezixhumene neenkcukacha ezingentla, uhlawula ngaphantsi kwexabiso elibhaliweyo lenkcazo yangempela yemakethe elandelwa yikontrakthi yexesha elizayo. Ngokomzekelo, ulwabiwo-mali lwama-100 e-share share share of 100 kwi-S & P 500 Index luza kuhlawula i-$ 10,000. Ngokuthenga isivumelwano se- S & P 500 esizayo (okanye izabelo eziyi-100 zesalathisi), nangona kunjalo, umtyalo-mali uza kuba nexabiso elincinci.
Iingxowa zemali: Kukho ulwahlulo olubalulekileyo xa utyalo-mali kwi-stock index index. Ukuthatha inxaxheba, i-future investors ifuneka ukuba igcine imali kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"margin" akhawunti kwi-firmware.
Iingxelo zeMargin zifuneka ukuba zifake ilahleko ezilahlekileyo kwizorhwebo lexesha elizayo, into eyaziwa kwiWall Street njengekholo lomgama. Njalo qinisekisa ukuqonda iimfuno zomda we-investment prior to sign up to the future.
Qaphela iNgcipheko: I-downside yeso sihlomelo sotyalo-mali lusezingeni eliphakamileyo leengozi ekuthengeni nasekuthengiseni izivumelwano. I-National Futures Association yenza umsebenzi ocacileyo wokuchaza ubunzima beengcambu zengxowankulu (efunyenwe kwi-NFAFutures.org). kwixesha elizayo. Ngaloo nkqubo, uya kufuna ukujonga nayiphi na imirhumo ehlanganiswe nezoshishino zangomso, naziphi na izikhalazo ezifakwe kwi-broker, kunye nerekodi yayo ekuveliseni uhlalutyo olulungelelanisiweyo lwempahla ekhoyo.
Cinga nge- ETF : Akuqinisekanga ukuba ufuna ukuhamba yedwa? Khawucinge ngeemali zenkxaso-mali yokuthengiselana kwempahla, enikezela ukufikelela kwi-stock futures, kodwa ngaphandle kwenqanaba elincinci lomngcipheko wezithuthi ze-stock market. Ngokomzekelo, i-SPDR S & P 500 Fund (SPY) kunye ne-iShares Russell 2000 Index ETF (IWM) bobabini banikezela ukufikeleleka kwenkcazo yezabelo ezikhoyo.
Thetha kwiNgcali
U kuthatha? Ukuba uza kutyalo-mali kwikhosi yenkcazo yamasheya, qhagamshelana nomcebisi-mali okanye omnye umqeqeshi wezezimali owaziwayo ngaphambi kokuba ulinge nayiphi na igalelo.
Uza kuxhamla kumthombo woshishino lotyalo-mali, onomgomo onokuthi uchaze ngokufanelekileyo imingcipheko kunye nemivuzo yenkcazo yezabelo eziza kutyalomali-phambi kokuba ufake iphothifoliyo yakho kwimigca, kwaye ingase ibe yingozi.