Izizathu Ezintathu Ngaba amaMerika aMatyala amaninzi
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeetyala zabathengi: amakhadi ekwereta (ajikelezayo) kunye neengxowa-mali zokuhlawula (non-revolving). Ityala lekhadi lokuthenga ngekhredithi libizwa ngokuba liguquguqukayo kuba lithetha ukuba lihlawulwe ngenyanga nganye. Zenza inzala eguquguqukayo enomdla e- Libor .
Inkokhelo engeyiyo ehlawulelwayo ayihlawulwa inyanga nganye. Kunoko, le mboleko ihlala ibanjelwe ubomi bexabiso eliphantsi. Ababoleki banokukhetha phakathi kwemali-mboleko kunye neerhafu ezingenasigxina okanye amazinga atshintshayo. Uninzi lwetyala elingenalo-mboleko libolekisa ngemali okanye mboleko yesikolo.
Nangona imali yokubolekwa kwezindlu kwakhona yimboleko enkulu, ayilona uhlobo lwabo batyala. Esikhundleni saloo nto, batyala imali ngokwabo kwiindawo zokuhlala zendawo.
Izibalo
NgoFebruwari 2018, ityala labathengi base-US laphakama ngamaphesenti ama-3 ukuya kwi-3.867 trillion. Oku kudlula irekhodi yenyanga yokugqibela ye-3.857 trillion.
Kule nto, i-$ 2.837 yezigidigidi zee-trillion yayingenakuthi ihlawule, kwaye iphakama ngamaphesenti angama-4.4. Uninzi lwentlalo luvela kwimfundo kunye nemali mboleko. Idatha yakutshanje ivela ngoDisemba 2017. Kubonisa ukuba ityala lesikolo lilinganiselwa kwi $ 1.491 trillion kunye nokubolekisa ngemali eyi-1.111 trillion.
Inkokhelo yekhadi lesikwereti yaba ngu-1.031 trillion ngo-Febhuwari, kwanda i-0.2 ekhulwini. Yadlula irekhodi ye-1.02 trillion e-Apreli 2008.
Kodwa ityala lekhadi lekhredithi lilingama-26.7 ekhulwini kwerhafu. Kwangama-38 ekhulwini ngo-2008.
Iingxelo ze- Federal Reserve kwingxowa-mboleki nganye ngenyanga. Nazi izibalo zembali ngenyanga ukusuka ngo-1943.
Kutheni amaMerika aMatyala amaninzi kangaka
Kutheni ityala leMelika liphezulu kangaka? Kukho izizathu ezintathu.
Okokuqala, ityala lekhadi lekhredithi laphakama ngenxa yoMthetho woKhuselo weNgxowa-mali ka-2005 .
UMthetho wenze kube nzima ukuba abantu bafake iifayile zokutshatyalaliswa. Ngenxa yoko, bajika kumakhadi-mboleko ngetinga elithembekileyo lokuhlawula iindleko zabo. Amatyala ekhadi lokuthenga ngetyala lafikelela kwixesha elide le-1.028 trillion ngo-Julayi 2008. Loo wawungumyinge wama-8,640 kwindlu nganye. Uninzi lwale matyala lubekwe ukuhlawula iindleko zonyango ezingalindelekanga. Ngenxa yoko, iindleko zokunakekelwa kwempilo yiNombolo.1 yokubangela ukuhlawulwa kwebhanki .
Ukunciphisa umthamo wekhadi lesikweletu ngamakhadi. Kwawa ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezili-10 kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zango-2009. Ngexesha lokunciphisa imali , iibhanki zanciphisa umboleki. Emva koko uMthetho we- Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform wanda imigaqo malunga namakhadi-mboleko. Kwakhona kwadala i- Arhente yeMali yokuThengwa kweMali yokuThengisa iMigaqo- mboleko. Ukongezelela, iibhanki ziqiniswe imigangatho yemboleko. Ngo-Apreli 2011, ityala lekhadi lesikweletu liye lawela kwi-$ 839.6 yezigidigidi. Nangona ezi zinto ziyancipha, umzi waseMelika oqhelekileyo wayesekweleta i-$ 7,055 nganye.
Okwesibini, iimali-mboleko zemali ziye zanda kakhulu ngenxa yexabiso lentlawulo ephantsi. Abantu basebenzisa inzuzo yomgaqo-mali we-Federal Reserve. Iirhafu ezithengiweyo ezithengiswayo ngo-2008 ukulwa nomnotho. Ezi mboleko zivela kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu. Ukuba umntu obolekayo ehluleka ukwenza iintlawulo, ibhanki iyakuthi iphinde ibuyise i-asethi ephantsi.
Okwesithathu, iimali-mboleko zesikolo zanda ngexesha lokunciphisa umgangatho njengoko abasebenzi befuna ukuphucula izakhono zabo. Ngo-2010, uMthetho woNonophelo ongenakunqwenela uvumele ukuba urhulumente wesigqeba uthathe inkqubo yesikwereti somfundi . Kwathatha indawo kaSallie Mae , umlawuli wangaphambili. Ngokuphelisa umntu-phakathi, urhulumente unqabile iindleko kwaye wandise ukufumaneka kolwazi ngoncedo. Incede ekuphuculeni ityala elingenalo elivela kumaphesenti angama-62 kuwo onke amatyala amatyala ngonyaka ka-2008 ukuya kuma-73 ekhulwini ngo-2017.
Imali-mboleko yesikolo iyiminyaka eyi-10 kodwa ezinye zide zibe ngama-25. Ngokungafani nemboleko yemoto, akukho ntlawulo yebhanki yokuyisebenzisa. Ngenxa yoko, urhulumente wesigqeba uqinisekisa ukubolekwa kwesikolo. Okuvumela iibhanki ukuba zinike ixabiso elincinci lomdla ukukhuthaza imfundo ephakamileyo. Urhulumente uyakhuthaza kuba ilizwe lizuza kwizakhono zabasebenzi.
Iyanciphisa ukungalingani kwesizwe kunye nokudala uqoqosho olusempilweni .
Umxhasi weBathengi uzuze njani uQoqosho
Ityala lathengi linomthelela ekukhuleni koqoqosho . Nangona uqoqosho lukhula, unokuhlawula eli tyala ngokukhawuleza kwixesha elizayo. Kungenxa yokuba imfundo yakho ikuvumela ukuba ube nomsebenzi ohlawulekayo kangcono, kwaye yakho ikufumana kuloo msebenzi. Oko kudala umjikelo ophezulu, ukwandisa umnotho ngakumbi.
Ikuvumela ukuba unikeze ikhaya lakho, uhlawule imfundo, kwaye ufumane imoto ngaphandle kokuba uyisindise. Ngale ndlela, ixhasa i dream yaseMerika .
Iingxaki zeTyala
Kodwa ityala linokuba lunzima. Ukuba uqoqosho luya emdeni, kwaye ulahlekelwe ngumsebenzi wakho, unokuthi ungagqibekanga. Oku kungonakalisa amanqaku akho kunye nekhono lokuthatha imali mboleko kwixesha elizayo. Nangona uqoqosho luhlala, luqinile, ungathabatha inkokhelo enkulu. Akukhona nje ngenxa yezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yimpumelelo yokuziphatha. Kwakhona isiphumo seengxelo zeebhilidi ezingalindelekanga.
Indlela efanelekileyo yokuphephelela ukungalungi kwetyala lekhadi lesikweletu ukulihlawula inyanga nganye. Ukongezelela, gcina iintsuku ezintandathu zokuchitha imali. Oku kuya kukunyanzela ukuba uhlawulelo lwemali luyabetha, ulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wakho okanye ujongane nxamnye noxinzelelo lwezonyango.