Abantu Abayithengi ngezinye zezinto ezintle nangona amaxabiso ahla
Inkcazo : Imfuno ye- Inelastic kwizoqoqosho xa abantu bethenga malunga nomlinganiselo ofanayo nokuba ixabiso lihla okanye likhuphuke. Oku kwenzeka ngezinto abantu kufuneka babe nazo, njengepetroli. Abaqhubi kufuneka bathenge umlinganiselo ofanayo nangona ixabiso landa. Ngokufanayo, abazithengi ngakumbi nangona ixabiso lihla.
Imfuno ye-Inelastic yenye yeentlobo ezintathu zeemfuno zokuxhuma. Ichaza ukuba uninzi lufuna utshintsho xa ixabiso lithatha.
Amanye amabini:
- Isidingo sokwanda : Xa ubuninzi befuna utshintsho olungaphezulu kwexabiso.
- Umlinganiselo we-unit elastic: Xa ubuninzi befuna utshintsho olufana nexabiso.
Formula
Ubala ixabiso lokunyaniseka ngokuhlula ipesenti ekutshintsheni ngobungakanani obufunwa yipesenti yenguqu. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ubuninzi befuna ukutshintsha ipesenti enye njengeliso, umlinganiselo ube ngowomnye. Ukuba ixabiso liye lancipha iipesenti ezili-10, kwaye ubuninzi befuna ukunyuswa kweepesenti ezili-10, ngoko umlinganiselo ube ngu-0.1 / 0.1 = 1. UMthetho weDemand uthi inani elithengiweyo lihamba ngokungahambiyo kwixabiso. Oku kuthetha ukuba unako ukuwahoywa i-plus and minus signs. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-unit elastic.
Imfuno yokwehliswa yilapho ubukhulu bomyinge kwixabiso lingaphezulu kweyodwa. Oko kuthetha ukuba ixabiso liye lahla kweepesenti ezili-10, kwaye inani lafunwa ngama-rose e-50 ekhulwini, ngoko umlinganiselo ube ngu-0.5 / 0.1 = 5.
Kwesinye isiqhelo, ukuba ixabiso liye lahla iipesenti ezili-10 kwaye ubuninzi bento abuzange buguqulwe, ngoko umlinganiselo ube ngu-0 / 0.1 = 0.
Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yi-inelastic ngokupheleleyo. Imfuno ye-Inelastic iyenzeka xa ubukhulu bomlinganiselo obunyanzelekile kwixabiso lusephakathi kwe-zero (ngokupheleleyo inelastic) kunye kunye (i-unit elastic).
Ngokomzekelo, intengo yenkomo ngo-2014 iphakama iipesenti ezingama-28, kodwa ifuna kuphela ama-14,9 ekhulwini. Le nxu lumene neshedyuli yesidingo .
Inelastic Demand Curve
Ukwazisa nokuba imfuno yento ingenangqondo ngokujonga i- curve yeemfuno . Ekubeni ubuninzi obufunwayo abuguquki kangako njengamanani, kuya kukhangeleka. Enyanisweni, kuya kuba nayiphi na ikharve ephezulu kuneyunithi ye-elastic curve, ediagonal.
Ukunyuka kwe-inelastic imfuno, i-curve. Ukuba i-inelastic ngokugqibeleleyo, kuya kuba ngumgca ocacileyo. Kungenxa yokuba ubuninzi obufunwayo abuyi kubuya, kungakhathaliseki ukuba lixabiso lini. Oku kuboniswe kwitshathi elingentla.
Iintlobo ezintlanu zinqume umfuno ngamnye ngamnye. Zixabiso, intengo yezinye iindlela, ingeniso, ukuthanda nokulindela. Ukufuna isixa-mali , isithandathu sesinqununu inani labathengi. I-curve yemfuno ibonisa ukuba ubuninzi bunjani ukutshintsha kwimpendulo kwixabiso. Ukuba enye yezinye iinqununu ziyatshintsha, iya kutshintshela lonke ikhefu leemfuno . Oko kuthetha ukuba ngaphezulu (okanye ngaphantsi) kuya kufunwa, nangona ixabiso lihlala lifanayo.
U mzekelo
Akukho mzekelo wobomi bokwenene bento enesidingo esipheleleyo se-inelastic. Ukuba ngaba kunjalo, umthengisi unokuhlawula imali engapheliyo, kwaye abantu bekufuneka bathenge.
Into eyayiza kusondela yayiya kuba umntu wayekwazi ukufumana yonke umoya, okanye onke amanzi, emhlabeni.
Akukho ndawo ithatha indawo. Abantu kufuneka babe nomoya kunye namanzi, okanye bafe ngexesha elifutshane. Kwanjalo akuyiyo inelastic ngokupheleleyo. Kungenxa yokuba umthengisi akakwazanga ukuhlawulisa iipesenti ezili-100 zomvuzo kwihlabathi. Abantu babeya kufuna iimali zokutya , okanye balambile kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Kunzima ukucinga imeko eya kudala imfuno efanelekileyo ye-inelastic.
Kodwa ezinye iimveliso ziyasondela. Ngokomzekelo, i-petroli yinto into yokuba abaqhubi badinga inani elithile nganye iveki. Amaxabiso eGesi aya kutshintsha imihla ngemihla. Ukuba kukho ukulahla ekunikezeni , amaxabiso aya kuphakama. Ngokomzekelo, yilokho okwenzeka ngexesha le- OPEC ye-oil embargo ngo-1973.
Abantu baya kuthenga i-gas ngenxa yokuba abanakuguqula ngokukhawuleza ukuziphatha kwabo. Ukunciphisa ixesha labo lokuhamba, kufuneka batshintshe imisebenzi. Besafuna ukufumana ukutya okungenani ngeveki.
Baya kuvenkile esondele, ukuba kunokwenzeka. Kodwa uninzi lwabantu luya kunyamezela ixabiso lentengo yegesi phambi kokuba lenze utshintsho olunzulu. Uyabona ukuba loo nto ibangela ukuba imfuno-ithathe umthamo wemali .