Xa iNani elithengiweyo livakalelwa kakhulu kwixabiso
Imfuno ye- elastic xa ixabiso okanye ezinye izinto zinempembelelo enkulu kubungakanani abathengi abafuna ukuthenga. Uyakukubona ngokuqhelekileyo xa abathengi bephendula kwiinguqu zenguqu. Ukuba ixabiso lihla ngaphantsi nje, baya kuthenga ezininzi. Ukuba amaxabiso aphakama nje, bayayeka ukuthenga okuninzi kwaye balindele ukuba babuyele kwisiqhelo. Ixabiso linye yeendlela ezihlanu zokufuna .
Ukuba inzuzo okanye inkonzo inemfuneko yokunwebeka, kuthetha ukuba abathengi baya kwenza uthengiso oluninzi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo benza oku xa bengathandabuzeki ukuba banalo okanye abayidingi imihla ngemihla. Baya kuphinda bafanise ivenkile xa kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi ezikhethiweyo.
Umthetho weemfuno ukhokela ulwalamano phakathi kwexabiso kunye nenani elithengiweyo. Lithetha ukuba inani elithengiweyo linxulumene nolwahlukileyo. Xa amaxabiso aphakama, abantu bathenga ngaphantsi. Ukunyaniseka kwemfuno kukuxelela ukuba inani elithengiweyo liyehla njani xa ixabiso landa.
Ezinye iindidi
Kukho ezinye ezimbini iintlobo zokufuna ukunyaniseka. Baphinde balinganise ukuba ubungakanani buthengiweyo buyatshintsha xa ixabiso lithatha.
- Imfuno ye-Inelastic yilapho ubuninzi befuna utshintsho ngaphantsi kwexabiso.
- Imfuno ye-unit elastic when the quantity required to change the same percentage of the price.
Formula
Inkomfa yeemfuno ze-elastiki yinguqu yepesenti ekufuneka ihlulwe ngokwepesenti kwixabiso.
Imfuno ye-elastic xa ipesenti iguquka ngobuninzi obufunwa ngaphaya kwepesenti yenguqu.
Oko kwenza umlinganiselo ube ngaphezu kweyodwa. Ngokomzekelo, bathi inani lifunwa ngama-rose e-10 xa ixabiso lawa ngama-5 ekhulwini. Umlinganiselo ngowama-0.10 / 0.05 = 2.00.
Imfuno yokuxhuma ngokugqibeleleyo yilapho ubungakanani befuna i-skyrockets ukuya ngaphaya kwexabiso xa ixabiso lihlahla nayiphi na imali. Oko, kunjalo, ayinakwenzeka kwimpilo yangempela.
Kodwa izinto ezininzi zijongene nale meko kuba zikhuphisana kakhulu. Ixabiso ngokwenene liyodwa into ebalulekileyo.
Ngokomzekelo, iivenkile ezimbini zithengisa ii-ounces zegolide ezifanayo. Omnye uthengisa nge $ 1,800 ngelixa elinye lithengisa nge $ 1,799 ngeyure. Ngomlinganiselo ongenamandla, akukho mntu wayenokuthenga igolide ebiza kakhulu. Kunoko, bonke bathenga igolide kumthengisi othengisa ngexabiso. Kwiimeko zangempela-zobomi be-intanethi epheleleyo, abantu abaninzi baya kukhetha igolide elincinci ngaphezu kwexabiso eliphezulu, kunabantu bonke. Abanye banokuthenga igolide ebiza kakhulu kuba bethanda umnini wevenkile ngcono.
Imfuno ye-Inelastic yilapho ukufunwa kwamanani kuphakanyiswe ngamaphesenti aphantsi kunexabiso lehla. Ngokomzekelo, ubungakanani bunokuphakama iipesenti ezi-2 xa ixabiso lawa ngama-5 ekhulwini. Loo mlinganiselo ngu .02 / .05 = .40, okanye ngaphantsi komnye.
Imfuno ye-unit elastic when the quantity required for changes in the same percentage as the change in price. Kwimeko apho, umlinganiselo ngowomnye. Ngokomzekelo, ubuninzi buneemfuno eziphakanyisiweyo zanda iipesenti ezi-5 ekuphenduleni ukuhla kwexabiso lama-5 ekhulwini. Umlinganiselo ngowama -05 / .05 = 1. Intengo yayishukunyiswa kakubi ngelixa ubuninzi bezinto ezihamba phambili. Kodwa akukho mfuneko yokubandakanya uphawu olungagqibekanga ekubeni wonke umntu uyazi ukuba imfuno ihamba ngokuthe ngqo kwixabiso.
I-Elastic Demand Curve
I- curve yemfuno yindlela elula yokugqiba ukuba imfuno i-elastic. Ubungakanani obufunekayo buya kuguqula ngaphezulu kwexabiso. Ngenxa yoko, i-curve iya kujonga iphantsi kwaye ilula ngaphezu kweyunithi ye-elastic curve, edibeneyo. Ukwandisa ngakumbi imfuno, i-flatter i-curve. Umzobo ongentla ukhankanya umgca ogqithiseleyo wee-curved demings.
I-curve yemfuno isekelwe kwishedyuli yesidingo . Le tafile ichaza ngqo ukuba zingaphi iiyunithi eziza kuthengwa kwixabiso ngalinye.
Ixabiso linye yezinto ezintlanu ezinokumisela imfuno . Kukho isithandathu, inani labathengi, eliqhuba ixabiso lemali . Into ebalulekileyo yokwazi ukuba i-curve yeemfuno ibonisa indlela ubungakanani beenguqu ekuphenduleni ixabiso, i- ceteris paribus (zonke ezinye izinto zilingana). Ukuba enye yezinye iinqununu ziyatshintsha, iya kutshintshela lonke ikhefu leemfuno .
Oko kuthetha ukuba ngaphezulu (okanye ngaphantsi) kuya kufunwa, nangona ixabiso lihlala lifanayo.
U mzekelo
Umzekelo omhle wokufunwa kwe-elastic is housing. Kungenxa yokuba kukho ukukhethwa kwezindlu ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Abantu bahlala kwindawo yokuhlala edolophini, indlu, indlu okanye nokuba nabahlobo okanye intsapho. Ngenxa yokuba kukho iindlela ezininzi, kulula ukuba abantu bangabihla ngaphezu kokuba bafuna.
Iingubo zineemfuneko zokunxiba. Enyanisweni, abantu kufuneka bagqoke iimpahla, kodwa kukho iindawo ezininzi zokukhetha kunye nendlela enokuchitha ngayo. Xa ezinye izitolo zithengisa ukuthengisa, ezinye izitolo kufuneka zinciphise ixabiso lezambatho zokugcina iimfuno. Izitolo ezincinci ezingenako ukunikela izaphulelo ezinkulu ziphuma kwishishini. Ngethuba leRest Recession , ezininzi izitolo zokugqoka zatshintshwa izitrato zesibini ezinika izambatho ezisemgangathweni ezinamaxabiso athathwe kakhulu.