Jonga iiNgxowa zeVanguard eziPhezulu zokuThengisa iintlawulo eziphantsi, kunye neengxowa-mali zokuKhusela
Kutheni uhlawula irhafu ngaphezu kweemfuneko? Ukufumana iipotifoliyo zeemali eziphathekayo kwi-akhawunti ehlawulweyo, kuninzi injongo yokutshala imali, imbali yomsebenzi kunye neendleko zokuhlalutya.
Ukuba uyayazi indlela yokuchonga imali ehlawuliswa yerhafu, leyo iVanguard inikezela, unokufumana uninzi lwentsebenzo kwi-portfolio yakho ngokunciphisa iindleko zezikhwama, kunye neendleko zerhafu.
Ngethamsanqa i-Vanguard Investments inikezela ngeyona mali efanelekileyo yokufumana irhafu ekhoyo kwimarike. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba sijonge imali ephezulu yeVanguard yeeakhawunti ezihlawulisiweyo, makhe sijonge indlela yokuchonga iintlobo ezimbi kakhulu zeeakhawunti ezihlawulisiweyo kunye noko kukhangelelwa kwiintlobo ezintle zeemali zeeakhawunti ezihlawulwayo.
Iintlobo ezigqithisileyo zeNgxowa-mali zeAkhawunti eziThengiswayo
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwihlabathi lokutshala imali, isicwangciso esihle kakhulu sokuphumelela ekugqibeleni kukugwema ukulahleka ngexesha elifutshane. Yaye indlela esheshayo yokulahlekelwa kwiingxelo ezihlawulwayo kukuba utyalomali kwiimali ezidibeneyo ezivelisa ininzi kwiirhafu. Khumbula ukuba utyalo-mali obanjwe kwi-akhawunti ye-brokerage rhoqo ihlawuliswa kwiimali zentengo kunye nemali engenayo (inzuzo) . Ngoko xa uthengisa i-fund kunye nentengo ( NAV ) ephakamileyo ngaphezu kwexabiso oyithengileyo, uya kuba nenzuzo eyinkunzi apho uza kuhlawulwa irhafu.
Kwakhona, nayiphi na inzuzo yengeniso (izabelo) ezifunyenwe kutyalo-mali kwi-akhawunti ye-brokerage ihlawuliswa njengenzuzo eqhelekileyo, ngokungathi xa ifumana umvuzo kumqeshi.
Utyalo-mali oluyimpumelelo kwiimali ezihlawulwayo zifuna ukuqonda ukunikezelwa kwemali eyinzuzo , eyenziwa xa umphathi-mali olawulayo uthengisa izabelo zeemali ngaphakathi kwesikhwama sokubambisana kunye nokugqithisa ezo mphulo (kwaye ke zentlawulo) kubanini-mali.
Ukuqwalasela uhlobo lweemali ezivelisa kakhulu kwiintlawulo ezinkulu kunye nemali yengeniso, iimali ezimbi kunazo zonke zokubamba i-akhawunti ehlawulwayo ziquka iimali ezilawulwa ngokusebenzayo kunye nomlinganiselo ophezulu wokuthengiswa kwemali , iimali ezihlawula ixabiso lentengo ephezulu, kunye neentlobo ezininzi imali yebhondi .
Kuba abo batyali-mali abafuna ukufumana imali engenayo kwiimali ezidibeneyo kwiingxelo ezihlawuliswayo, kukho izicwangciso ezinokwenziwa kweerhafu , ezifana nokulahleka kweerhafu kunye nendlela yokusetyenziswa kwebhakethi, enokusetyenziswa.
Iintlobo zeeNgxowa zeeNgxowa-mali ezihlawulwayo
Ngoku ukuba uyazi ukuba yiziphi iintlobo zeemali zokuphepha kwiakhawunti ezihlawulwayo, unokuba neengcamango ezilungileyo malunga nokuba yimali engcono yokubamba. Imizekelo ibandakanya imali yenkcazo kunye neengxowa-mali ezingahlawulanga okanye ziphi na izabelo, ezifana neengxowa-mali zokukhula ezincinci.
Ukuba ukhangele imali yokuvelisa imali, njengemali yebhondi, unokuqwalasela ukuthenga iimali zebhanki zikamasipala , ezingenakho iirhafu kwizinga lezemfundo kunye nakwizinga lombuso.
Xa uphando ngemali engcono kakhulu yokuthenga i-akhawunti ehlawulisiweyo, unokujonga kwakhona into ebizwa ngokuba yi-cost-cost ratio, ebonisa ukuba ubukhulu bentlawulo yezimali buyancitshiswa njani irhafu. Ngoko jonga umlinganiselo wexabiso lentlawulo ephantsi kakhulu xa uthengisa iimali ezihambelana neengxelo zentlawulo!
Iimali zeVanguard eziPhambili zeAkhawunti eziThengiweyo
Ngaphandle kwee-ado ezongezelelweyo, kwaye akukho myalelo othile, makhe sijonge kwii-Vanguard ezifanelekileyo kwiimali zerhafu:
- I-Vanguard Iyonke I-Stock Market Index (i-VTSMX): Ukuba ukhangele ukubamba kweyona nto ebaluleke kakhulu kunye ne-tax-efficient, awukwazi ukufumana okungcono kuneVTSMX. Nangona le ngxowa-mali ayinayo eyona nto ingenako ukuhlawula irhafu kwi-Vanguard fund lineup, abatyali-mali bangalindela i-VTSMX ukugqithisa i-Vanguard 500 Index (VFINX) yokubuyisela ukubuyiswa kwentlawulo engcono. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-VTSMX iquka i-stock-caps (i-VFINX ayinayo) kwaye oku kuya kukhuthaza ukubuyiswa kwexesha elide kunye nokunciphisa irhafu yesikhashana kwiirhafu. Umlinganiselo weendleko ze-VTSMX ngowama-0.16 kweepesenti kwaye ubuncinci bokutshala imali ngu-3,000.
- I-Vanguard yeNgxowa-mali yokuHlola iNkxaso- mali (i-VTCLX): IVanguard inikezela abatyalo-mali abathathi-mali abathathi-mali kunye kunye neyona nto leyo ebonelela ngokubanzi kwi-stocks yi-VTCLX. Le ngxowa-mali inika imali kwisitokisi se-US kunye ne-capital-cap, esebenzisa isicatshulwa-mali esicwangcisiweyo esingazigcinanga nje kuphela iindleko zerhafu kodwa zinciphisa iindleko zayo. Umlinganiselo weendleko ze-VTMFX ngowama-0.11 ekhulwini kwaye ubuncinci bokutshala imali ngu-$ 10,000.
- I-Vanguard I-Equity Managed Fund (VTMFX): Abatyalo-mali abafuna isisombululo esisodwa kwi-akhawunti yabo yerhafu bayayicinga ukuba baqwalasele i-VTMFX ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo. Iphothifoliyo yesikhwama iqulethe malunga nama-50 ekhulwini kunye ne-capital-cap cap stocks, kunye namanye ama-50 ekhulwini abatyala imali kwiibhondi zikamasipala ezikhutshelwe irhafu. Umlinganiselo weendleko ze-VTMFX ngowama-0.11 ekhulwini kwaye ubuncinci bokutshala imali ngu-$ 10,000.
- I-Vanguard ephakathi- Inkxaso- mali yokuTyala yeNkxaso- mali (I-VWITX): Imali evelisa imali engenayo yemali yebhanki inokuvelisa irhafu engafunekiyo kwi-akhawunti ehlawulwayo kodwa iimali ezinxulumene ne-VWITX zingabakho ukuhamba ngokubakho kubarhwebi ngeeakhawunti ezihlawulisiweyo. I-VWITX inika imali kwiibhanki eziphakamileyo zamaspala, ezihlawulwa irhafu kwinqanaba lika-federal. Oku kuhlanganiswa komgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwerhafu kunika abanini-zimali ngokudibanisa ngokuzinzileyo kokuzinza nokudibanisa. Umlinganiselo weendleko ze-VWITX yi-0.20 yeepesenti kwaye ubuncinci bokutshala imali ngu-3,000.
- I-Vanguard Tax Exempt Bond Index (VTEBX): Abatyalo-mali abatshabalalisa i-index yebhanki yezona zigqwesileyo ezibonelela ngokubanzi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwerhafu baya kuthanda into abayibonayo kwi-VTEBX. Ukufezekisa injongo yayo yokungafani kunye nokunciphisa irhafu, i-fund ifaka imali kwiibhanki zikamasipala-mali-mabakala onke amanqanaba (okufutshane, okuphakathi, kunye nexesha elide). Oku kwenza i-VTEBX ikhefu elikhethileyo lokuzikhethela imali kwixesha elide lotyalo-mali kunye neakhawunti ehlawulisiweyo. Umlinganiselo weendleko ze-VTEBX yi-0.20 yeepesenti kwaye ubuncinci bokutshala imali ngu-3,000.
Ambalwa amagama amaninzi kwi-Vanguard Fund kunye ne-Tax-Efficiency
Ngokubanzi, imali yenkcazo yinkcitho ephezulu yerhafu kunezimali ezilawulwa ngentshiseko kuba i-index index ilawulwa ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuthetha ukuba imali yenkcazo ilandelelanisa i-index index, eguqulela kwingeniso ephantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neengxowa-mali ezilawulwa ngokuzithandela. Ingeniso xa kuthengwa (amasheya kunye / okanye iibhondi) kuthengwa kwaye kuthengiswa ngaphakathi kwiphothifoliyo. Intlawulo ephantsi ehambelana neengxelo zengxowa-mali ithetha ukuba kukho imali encinci eyakhiweyo xa kuthelekiswa neengxowa-mali ezilawulwa ngentshiseko, ezithatha ukufumana imali ephezulu ngaphezu kweengxelo zemali. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ireyithi yokubuyiswa kwemali yonyaka, unokwakheka kwinqanaba lokubuyisela imali yengxowa-mali .
Abatyalomali banokufuna ukuqwalasela imali ye-Vanguard yokuthengiselana-mali ( ii-ETFs ), eziyimvelo ngokutsalwa kwetyalo-mali. Njengeengxelo zengxowa-mali, ii-ETF zinama-ratios aphantsi kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ziphantsi kweepesenti ezingama-5, kwaye zihlala zinexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu, ziphantsi kwama-0.20 ekhulwini, ngokukodwa ezo ze-ETF zifumaneka kwiVanguard.
Njengaye nawuphi na isigqibo sotyalo-mali, ukukhetha imali efanelekileyo yokubambisana nawe kufuneka uqale ngenjongo yokutyalo-mali kunye nokunyamezela. Xa wazi ukuba yiziphi iimali ezifanelekileyo kwiinjongo zakho, ukukhangela iimali eziphathekayo ezilungileyo kunokwenzeka ukusuka apho. Isishwankathelo, yintoni eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kuwe kunye neenjongo zakho zokutyalomali zibaluleke ngakumbi kunokwenziwa kweerhafu kunye neengxowa-mali.
Ukufumana okungakumbi malunga nokuphathwa kweengxowa-mali kunye kunye nokwakhiwa kwepottoliyo, qi niqiniseke ukuba ujonga kwinqaku lethu kwento oyenzayo ngaphambi kokuba wakhe iphothifoliyo yemali .
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lichazwe ngokungeniswa njengeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.