I-Bitcoin ayikho mthethweni e-Iceland kodwa ingaba isisombululo abayidingayo?
Uyabona iMlambo yeNyakatho apho. Unako ukubhukuda kwindawo yamanzi. Ngokombono wam, nabo benza i-vodka yokutya okumnandi (ithotshulwa i-volcano!) Apho.
I-Iceland kwakhona lizwe elaphazamiseka ngengozi yezezimali ngo-2008. Ngokutsho kwenkcazelo ecacileyo kwi-Wikipedia malunga neengxaki, "i -Icelandic króna yehlile ngaphezu kwama-35% kwi-euro ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuSeptemba 2008. kuqhuba ngo-14%, kwaye ama-interest rates e-Iceland aphakanyiselwe ku-15.5% ukujongana nokunyuka kwamaxabiso . "U
Imizamo ebalulekileyo ngurhulumente ugweme ukuxothwa, kodwa impembelelo yelizwe yayisasazeke kwaye ichaphazelekayo malunga nabemi bonke. Ngethuba leveki ephezulu kunazo zonke, i-market market yabo yawa nge-96% yehla (nge-Euro terms) ngexabiso. Iimpahla zePenshini zishiye malunga nama-25%. Imithatho yemali yayininzi kwaye amashishini amaninzi asekuhlaleni ahamba, kuquka neeSterling Airlines. Amabhanki ahlelwe ngokubanzi, kuquka ibhanki enye eyayibuyiselwa emva kokukhutshwa kwamaxwebhu angaphakathi kwi-WikiLeaks echaza inkcazo enkulu yemboleko yenkampani.
Xa le nkathazo ibetha, ekufuneni iimpendulo, abantu base-Iceland bathatha ezitratweni ngokubhikisha. Iingqungquthela zabo zakhokelela ekutyaleni kweenkokheli eziphezulu zelizwe kunye nokuguqulwa okubeka ilizwe kwiindlela zokuzilungisa. Kwakhona kwakhokelela ekugqibeleni abantu ababephethe isandla kwintlekele.
Ukukhawuleza ukuya ku-2015, xa ihlabathi laqala ukuphawula ukuba i-Iceland yayilungile umkhumbi wayo kwaye ilizwe libuye libuye; IWashington Post yashicilela inqaku elinesihloko esithi, "Imbali Yommangaliso yase-Iceland", i-Guardian ibike ngendlela "i-Iceland iphuma ngayo umlotha weengxaki zebhanki", kwaye iJamani uDer Spiegel yabhala indlela ukuphuma kwe-Iceland kwimeko ephosa ngayo kwakufundwa ngamanye amazwe abajamelana neentlekele ezifanayo.
Phakathi kwezizathu zokuphumelela kwe-Iceland zazibandakanya ukukwazi ukuvumela iibhanki zayo ziqhube, ziphumeze imilinganiselo yokuqhelaniswa kweemeko kunye nokuba i-Iceland yayinayo imali yayo, eyayixabisa. Izwe liphinde laqalisa ukulawula amaninzi amatsha kwiinkqubo zebhanki kunye neemali zokujongana neengxaki.
Le miqathango ifaka iirhafu eziphezulu kubemi (kunye nabahambi), ukungaqhubeki kwamashishini angaphandle ukuba asuse iimpahla ezigcinwe kwilizwe ukusuka kwintlekele, kunye nokulawula kwiibhonasi zebhanki. Omnye wolawulo oludlalwa ngqalelo kwimibhalo malunga ne-Iceland "isimangaliso" yisigqibo sikaRhulumente sokwenza utshintsho lweBitcoin engekho mthethweni kweli lizwe.
Nangona i-Iceland iyindlu kwezinye zezona ndawo zinkulu kakhulu kwiimpawu zezimayini zeBitcoin ehlabathini, urhulumente wase-Iceland wenza isigqibo esilandelayo kwiBitcoin (esikhululwe ngo-2013 kodwa kubonakala ngathi yinkqubela yokusala komthetho ukulungisa ingxaki ye-2008), " Kuvumelekile ukubandakanya ukurhweba ngaphandle kwamashishini kunye ne-electronic Bitcoin, ngokutsho kwe-Icelandic Foreign Exchange Act. Impendulo ebhaliweyo evela kwi-Central Bank yase-Iceland ukuya kuMorgunblaðið ithi i-Foreign Exchange Act ichaza izithintelo jikelele ngokuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe kunye nokuhamba kwemali phakathi kwamazwe. "U
Le mithetho ibonakala ivumela abantu base-Iceland ukuba babe ne-bitcoin kwaye bavumele ukumbiwa kwemigodi ye-bitcoin e-Iceland. Oko kuyenzelwe ukuba kwenziwe, nangona kunjalo, kukuyeka ukuhamba kweenkunzi zemali (ngendlela ye-bitcoin) ngaphandle kwelizwe.
Oku kuthetha ukuba i-bitcoin ayikho imali ngokwemithetho yase-Icelandic.
Masenze phambili kwixesha langoku (kwakunye neengxaki zemali ezintsha ze-Iceland).
Ekuqaleni kuka-Epreli ka-2016, izigidi zeempepha zachithwa kwi-firmware yomthetho wasePanaman echaza ngokucacileyo indlela abazityebi nabanamandla ababefihle ngayo impahla yabo kwiirhafu kunye nokuhlalutya kuluntu. La maxwebhu, ngoku athiwa ngamaPapanama ePanama, abonakalisa amagama eenkokheli zehlabathi kuquka iRashiya yasePutin ne-UK David Cameron kule akhawunti. Akukho naliphi na iinkokheli ebehla, kodwa inkokheli yokuqala yokuhla ngenxa yegama layo eboniswa kule miqulu yayinguNdunankulu ka-Iceland.
Xa amaPapanama ePanama abonakalisiwe, amanye amazwe amaninzi athatha iindaba njengomnye umzekelo weenkokeli zawo ezenza oko afuna, kodwa abantu base-Iceland babenalo.
Bathabatha ezitratweni ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba babonakaliswe kwaye bacela ukuba uMongameli wabo alahle. Imibiko ibonise ukuba emva komhla wokukhutshwa kweePapu, abahlali abangama-22,000 base-Iceland bathathe ezitratweni ngokubhikisha. Ngoku i-American, eli nani lingabonakala lincinci kunomhlangano we-Bernie Sanders osanda kutsha kwi-NYC, kodwa inyaniso kukuba kukho abantu abangama-330,000 kuphela kwilizwe elincinane lase-Iceland, kwaye loo mali iyinani elibalulekileyo labemi belizwe
Njengoko ndathi, i-Iceland lizwe elihle. Kodwa mhlawumbi, imbambano yayo enhle kakhulu ngabantu bayo. Ukubona kweso sixa esikhulu sabantu abahlanganisana ngokuthula (kungabikho ziganeko zepropper), ukukhwabanisa kunye nokukhohlisa kwiikhokeli zayo, ngumnye umzekelo wendlela abantu base-Iceland abakhuthele ngayo, kwaye ngokuthula, ukulungisa inguqu labo ilizwe.
Iipolitiki zase-Iceland zinomdla kakhulu kumntu ongaphandle. Iqela lezopolitiko eliphambili kweli lizwe lilungu lePirate Party, eliyinxalenye yentlangano yamazwe ngamazwe agxile kwiinkalo ezixhasayo ezifana ne-inthanethi kunye nenkululeko yolwazi. Ngo-2013, amalungu eqela aqulunqe umthetho u-Edward Snowden anikezwa ngabemi baseIceland.
Njengoko eli lizwe liqhubeka likulwela nengxaki yalo yakutsha kunye neNkulumbuso entsha, kuya kuba mnandi ukubona utshintsho olwenzekayo khona. Xa ukhangela ukungaphumeleli kwangoko kwimeko yemeko yezemali kunye nomdla okhulayo kwiminyango efana neParate Party, kubonakala ngathi ilizwe lilungele ukuvavanya ukuphunyezwa kwesakhiwo semali yedijithali,
Oku kungenzeka ukuba akulahlekanga kulabo base-Iceland. Ngo-2014, i-Auroracoin yasungulwa ngaphakathi kwe-Iceland njengenye indlela eya kwi-Bitcoin kunye ne-Icelandic krona. I-Auroracoin idalwe njengenye i-crypto-currency ukujongana nemimiselo yekarhulumente yokukhupha indiza ngaphandle kwelizwe kunye nokuthintela ukutshintshiselana kwamanye amazwe kwi-bitcoin ezweni.
Impumelelo yale nxalenye eya kwi-Bitcoin ngaphakathi kwe-Iceland iyanqotshwa, nangona emva kwe-50% ye-cryptocurrency kwabemi base-Iceland. Eninzi yale nto ihambelane ne-ack yokucaca malunga nokusemthethweni kwesi shinjethi kwilizwe, elingatshintshaniswa ngamatcoins.
Ngoku ngokukhutshwa kweePanama Papers, imibhikisho yamuva kunye neefowuni zokutshintshwa kwabaseIceland emhlabeni wonke, umbuzo kum, kuba kutheni ungenzi nje iBitcoin yomthetho?
Kucacile ukuba i-Auroracoin idalwe njengenxalenye yeBitcoin, eyayicatshulwa ngokungekho mthethweni kweli lizwe. Abaninzi kweli lizwe baqonda igalelo kunye nethuba le-intanethi, kuquka nabaninzi abafumana inzuzo kwimigudu ye-Bitcoin yeemigodi eyenziwa khona. Ilizwe aliyona inxalenye ye-EU kwaye ayibonanga imali engaphandle. Urhulumente wase-Iceland kunye nabantu bawo sele bebonise ukuba bazimisele ukwenza utshintsho olukhulu ukuphucula uqoqosho lwabo.
Ngoko, i-Bitcoin ingazuza njani i-Iceland?
Abaninzi bayamgxeka iBitcoin njengesithuthi sokutshatyalaliswa kwemali kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho. Ukunyaniseka kukuba ukuphunyezwa kweBitcoin kunokuncedisa ukulwa nolwaphulo-mali. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-Bitcoin ingabonakaliyo, ayiyiyo into engaziwayo, kwaye ukuba yonke intsebenziswano ekugqibeleni ifikelelekileyo kwaye ifikeleleke kunoma ubani. Ukungabikho kokubonakalisa okubonakalayo abantu abathembekileyo ngeengxelo zePanamani kungekhona ukuba kwenzeke ngeB Bitcoin.
Ukuphunyezwa kweBitcoin ngelizwe kungaba yindleko efanelekileyo yokugcina imali ngaphandle kweendlela ezikhoyo. Yenziwe ngokwezibalo, akukho mfuneko yamaphepha okanye iimali zemali. Oku kuya kubeka ilizwe njengenkokeli ekuphunyezweni kwetheknoloji yeBlockchain, eneenzuzo ezininzi kwimisebenzi karhulumente, kubandakanywa nokugcinwa kwerekhodi.
Enye yezona zinto ezibalulekileyo zokukhulula i-Bitcoin e-Iceland kunokukwazi ukudala ilizwe "njengobhedu obushushu" ngokukhula kwezoqoqosho ngeBitcoin kunye neBlockchain. Oku kuya kunceda ekukhuthazeni ukukhula okuphezulu kwezobugcisa kweli lizwe kwaye kufakwe ubuchule kwilizwe lonke.
Ndiyaqonda ukuba akukho lizwe elithatha inyathelo lokwamkelwa kweBitcoin njengemali yesizwe kwaye nangona kunokuba luncedo oluninzi kwi-Iceland, eli nqaku aliyiyo ingcamango epheleleyo malunga nokuba imali yedijithali inokukunceda njani okanye ithintele umnotho welizwe.
Ndiyakholelwa ukuba kunikezwe isimo sengqondo kwilizwe ukuhlola imeko ye-quo kunye nokufaka utshintsho olulungileyo lwemali kweli lizwe, kunokuba luncedo ukuba i-Iceland ingacingi ukuba ibone ukudala iqela lomsebenzi wangaphakathi ukuhlola imbambano yeBitcoin kwaye ibe yinto esemthethweni ilizwe.
Oku kufuneka kuqhutywe ngabo balelo lizwe, kwaye ukuba unomdla ekufuneni uncedo olungaphandle kwenkcazelo, ungalindela ukuba amazwe angaphandle angenele ukuze a tyelele ilizwe lakho elihle kwaye ahlangabezane nabemi bakho abahamba phambili.