I-Solar, Wind, kunye neBhettery Storage ikulungele ukukhula
Kule nqaku, siza kujonga iimeko ezintathu zokuvuselela amandla, kuquka nokugcinwa kwebhetri, kwaye kutheni abatyali-mali basemhlabeni wonke bafuna ukunyamekela ingqalelo kwiminyaka ezayo.
Izuba liyaba libi
Ngamandla okukhanya kwelanga kwafunyanwa ngo-1839 xa uAlexandre Becquerel ebona isiphumo se-photovoltaic kwisisombululo esilandelayo ekukhanyeni. Iingcamango zesitrato selanga zanikwa ilungelo lobunikazi ngo-1894 kwaye zadalwa malunga neminyaka engama-50 emva kokufunyanwa ngu-Aleksandr Stoletov. Iyonke ehlabathini lonke ifake i-photovoltaic amandla ifikelele kuma-megawatts ayi-1 000 ngo-2000 kwaye ikhule ngokubonakalayo ukususela kuma-megawatts angama-300 000 ngo-2016.
Imveliso yelanga ilawulwe yi-United States ngaphambi ko-2000, kodwa iJapan , iJamani , kwaye ngoko i- China yithathile iinqonto ukususela ngelo xesha. I-China kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke nokunyusa ngokukhawuleza isakhono sayo sobusuku njengoko ixabiso lemarike yehlabathi liphinda liphindwe kabini okanye kathathu phakathi ko-2016 no-2020 ukuya kuma-gigawatts angaphezulu kwama-500.
Ingaphezulu kwesiqingatha salokhu kukhula kulindeleke ukuba isetyenziswe eChina naseNdiya apho amandla elanga anokuba nefuthe elikhulu.
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe banokufuna ukujonga ukunyuka okuthe kratya kwimveliso yezilanga kwiiposfoliyo zabo ezinike ukukhula okukhulu. Ngokomzekelo, i-Van Eck Vectors i-Solar Energy ETF (KWT), ihlinzeka ngama-26 ekhulwini kwi-China, i-22% ye-exposure e-United States, kunye nokunyanzeliswa okunye kwamanye amazwe afana neSpain , iFransi , iJamani ne- Canada .
I-Guggenheim Solar ETF (TAN) ngowomnye umzekelo omhle weengxowa-mali kwihlabathi.
I-Wind Power's Regional Draw
Uninzi lwabantu luyazi ukuba amandla angaphinda ahlaziywe angabizi ngaphaya kweendawo eziqhelekileyo zamandla ukuba iindleko zendalo zithathwa. Kodwa ngokumangalisa kukuba, amandla omoya aphakathi kweendlela ezincinci zamandla, eziza kuncinci ngaphezu kwamandla elanga. Uphando olwenziwe ngo-2012 oluqhutywe kwi-European Union lubonise ukuba ixabiso eliphezulu lamandla elanga libangelwa iinkqubo zokuvelisa ikhabhoni eChina kunye nokuchithwa kwezixhobo zetsimbi.
UDenmark ube nguvulindlela wolawulo lwamandla oshishino ukususela kwiminyaka yee-1970 kwaye ijolise ukuvelisa malunga nesiqingatha sazo zonke izidingo zombane ovela emoyeni ngo-2020. Enyanisweni, ilizwe livelisa phezulu kwama-140 ekhulwini lamanani ayo onke amandla kwiintsuku ezinamandla, ukuthengisa amandla kumazwe angomakhelwane. Ezi ziphumo ezintle ziyakhuthaza amanye amazwe kummandla ukuba athathe amandla omoya njengenye indlela enokusetyenziswa ngayo ilanga kwiindawo ezingenelanga.
Inkampani ethandwa kakhulu kugxininisa amandla omoya yiVestas Wind Systems (VWDRY) - efanelekileyo eDenmark. Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe banakho ukufumana utyalo kumacandelo e-ETFs, okufana ne-iShares Global Energy Energy ETF (ICLN), ephethe i-5.3 yepesenti kwi-Vestas.
Ubume obuchanekileyo bamandla omoya lunokunceda ezi nkampani zivelise imithombo eqhelekileyo yenkxaso eninzi yeengeniso eziphindaphindiweyo kwiimida ezisondeleyo.
Amathuba eBhettery Power Opportunities
Abantu abaninzi bacinga ngamandla omhlaba okanye omoya xa beqwalasela imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo , kodwa ibhetri ibonakala iyona nto ibalulekileyo echaphazela impumelelo yoshishino. Emva koko, amandla avuselelekayo anokukwazi ukuvelisa amandla amaninzi kumaxesha athile, kodwa ukufunwa kwabathengi akusoloko kulandela iphethini efanayo. Iibhetri zindlela efanelekileyo yokugcina umbane ongaphezu kombane ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elizayo kwaye uqinisekise nokuba kusetyenziswe izixhobo zokusebenza.
Iibhetri ze-lithium ion sele ziyiyo ifomathi eyaziwayo kakhulu yokugcina amandla enikezelwe ngendleko-ukuphumelela nokusebenza kwamandla. Nangona ixabiso lebhethri liye lahla, iSebe leMandla laseMelika lijonga ukuba amaxabiso aya kugcina amandla angaphantsi kweedola ezili-100 kwi-kWh ukukhuphisana namafutha asefosil.
I-upshot kukuba amaxabiso okugcina amanzi agxininisa ngokukhawuleza kula mazinga kwaye angakhuthaza ukwanda okukhulu kwindleko.
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe banokhetho oluninzi xa bekhangela kwiinkampani zebhethri, kubandakanywa abenzi beebhetri kunye nabathengisi bezinto ezifana ne-lithium. Umzekelo, i-Global X Lithium kunye ne-Battery Tech ETF (i-LIT) inikezela ukuchazwa kwimijikelezo epheleleyo ye-lithium, ukusuka kwimigodi nokucoca isinyithi ngokuvelisa ibhetri. Le ngxowa iqhuba iinkampani ezivela kwihlabathi jikelele, kubandakanywa namafemu aseChile naseMerika.
Ngaphantsi
Amandla avuselelekayo ahlangene nokukhula okuphawulekayo kwiminyaka embalwa edluleyo kwaye ukukhula kuya kuqhubeka nokugqitywa kwesiVumelwano saseParis. Abatyalomali bangafuna ukuxhamla le miba kwaye baqwalasele iinkampani okanye ii-ETF eziza kubonelela kwi-space energy enezixhobo. Ukwenza oko kunokunceda ukwandisa ukubuyiswa kwexesha elide ngexesha lokukhuthaza iinjongo zamandla avuselelekayo.