Xa kuthengwa Ubunikazi kwiiShishini ezilungileyo, ukuHlulwa kweSitokhwe seSitokisi nguMhlobo wakho
Iipesenti eziqhelekileyo ezingama-33 okanye ukuhla kwembali-kwaye ngokuyimpumelelo, leyo ishishini njengesiqhelo ngezikhathi ezithile-kwaye ngokukhawuleza bayekile, bafungela yonke into esuka kwisitokisi ngasinye ukuya kutshintshela imali . Ndikuxelele oku ngaphambili, kwaye ndiya kukuxelela kwakhona, ukuba kwakhona: Ukuba uhlala ixesha elide lokuphila, uza kubona i-portfolio yakho yonke yokulingana ukusuka kwi-peak-to-rough ngama-50 ekhulwini okanye ngaphezulu ubuncinane kanye, mhlawumbi kathathu okanye ngaphezulu. Icandelo ngalinye liza kuguquka ngokugqithiseleyo kunokuba iphothifoliyo ngokubanzi, ukuqala. Luhlobo lwentengiso yeklasi. Akunakuphetshwa kwaye nabani na onokutshela ngenye indlela, ngaba ngabacebisi wezezimali okanye umthengisi wezezimali kunye, okanye ulawule okanye akanako. Akukho nto yokulinganisa okanye imfundo xa kuziwa kwiidatha zemfundo. Akufanele utyalole kwiimpahla ukufumana ubutyebi xa kukukhathaza, samkele ukuba awufanelanga ukubuyiselwa kwabo abangakwazi ukuvelisa kwaye bahle nabo.
Oko kwathiwa, ndifuna ukuthetha ngamanani okuwa; indlela wena, njengomtyalo-mali, kufuneka ucinge ngayo ukuba uyayazi into oyenzayo kwaye uthenge izinto ezintle. Ukuze senze oko, kufuneka sibuye siphinde sithethe malunga nezitokisi ngokubanzi ngomzuzwana.
Iindlela ezintathu zokwenza inzuzo yokufumana ishishini kunye nokutshala imali kwiiShishini
Ngokubanzi, kukho iindlela ezintathu zokwenza inzuzo ekubeni neyeshishini (ukuthenga isitokhwe nje kukuthenga iindawo ezincinci zeshishini apho ufumana ezi ziqinisekiso ezintle okanye, ukuba ukhetha, irekhodi ye-DRS - kuxhomekeke kumaphi amaninzi isitishi inkampani ihlulwe, isabelo ngasinye siya kufumana isabelo esithile senzuzo kunye nobunikazi).
- Iingeniso zemali kunye nokwabelana ngentengo . Ezi zimelela inxalenye yenzeniso ephantsi yokuba ulawulo lugqibe ukubuyela kubanikazi.
- Ukukhula kwimisebenzi yezoshishino, ngokuqhelekileyo kuququzelelwe ngokubuyisela imali yokufumana imali kwiingxowa- mali okanye ukufaka i-debt or capital equity.
- Ukuhlaziywa okubangelwa utshintsho kwiWall Street ekulungele ukuhlawula yonke i-$ 1 kwiimali.
Ukuba ungumnikazi wezo shishini, unokuncedisa indlela eyongezelelweyo, ngokuzibeka kwi-payroll kwaye uthatha umvuzo kunye neenzuzo kodwa enye ingxoxo ngosuku oluhlukile.
Umzekelo Ukuzekelise Ezi ngongoma
Ingathi ibonakala iyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ayikho. Khawucinge, ngethuba elifutshane, ukuba ngu-CEO kunye nomnini-shareholder olawulayo ebhanki yoluntu ebizwa ngeFantom Financial Group (PFG). Uvelisa inzuzo yeeRandi ezigidi eziyi-5 ngonyaka, kwaye ishishini lihlulwe libe yi-1.25 yezigidi zemali yesitokisi esithengileyo, ukufumana nganye yezo zabelo ukuya kwii-4 zeenzuzo (iirhafu ezigidi eziyi-5 ezihlulwe yi-1.25 yezigidi zeesabelo = i-$ 4 i- share share per share ).
Xa uvula ikopi yamatafula esitokisi kwiphephandaba lakho lendawo, uyaphawula ukuba intengo yamasheya yakutshanje ye-PFG yi-$ 60 ngesabelo ngasinye. Ingumyinge we- value-to-earnings of 15.
Oko kukuthi, yonke i-$ 1 kwinzuzo, abatyali-mali babonakala bekulungele ukuhlawula i-$ 15 (i-$ 60 / i-$ 4 = i-15 p / e isilinganiso). Ingqungquthela, eyaziwa njenge-yield yield, i-6.67 pesenti (thatha i-1 ize uyihlule ngo-p / e isilinganiso se-15 = 6.67). Ngokwenyani, oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba unokucinga nge-PFG njenge "bond bond" ukuboleka ibinzana evela kuWarren Buffett , uza kufumana ipesenti ye-6.67 kwimali yakho ngaphambi kokuhlawula irhafu kuyo nayiphi na igalelo oya kufumana i-shishini. akazange akhule.
Ngaba kukhangeleka? Kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomdla we-United States ubophelelo-mali, obizwa ngokuba yingeniso yokungena engozini ngenxa yokuba iCongress inokuhlala ihlawulisa abantu okanye iprinte imali ukuze isuse ezo mbopheleleko (nganye ineengxaki zayo, kodwa ingcamango apha isandi) . Ukuba uNondyebo we-30 weminyaka uvelisa iipesenti ezingama-6, kutheni uMhlaba ungamkela kuphela imali engama-0.67 yepesenti engenayo kwisitokhi esinomngcipheko oluninzi ngokubhekiselele kwisibophelelo esincinci?
Yilapho ithola umdla.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba imali yokufumana imali yayisisigxina, bekuya kuba budenge ukuhlawula inzuzo ye-15x kwimeko yemingeni yangoku. Kodwa ukuphathwa mhlawumbi kuya kuvuswa imihla ngemihla kwaye kuboniswe kwiofisi ukujonga indlela yokukhulisa inzuzo. Khumbula ukuba i-R5 million yezigidi kwinzuzo engenayo eyenziwa yinkampani yakho ngonyaka? Ezinye zazo zingasetyenziselwa ukwandisa imisebenzi ngokwakhiwa kwamasebe amatsha, ukuthenga ibhanki yezempikiswano, ukuqesha abaxhasi abaninzi ukuphucula inkonzo yabathengi, okanye ukuqhuba ukukhangisa kumabonwakude. Kwimeko apho, masithi uthe wagqiba ukuhlula inzuzo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Izigidi ezigidi ezingama-2 ziphinde zatshintshwa kwishishini lokunyusa: Kule meko, masithi ibhanki inama-20 ekhulwini abuyisela kwi-equity- kakhulu kakhulu kodwa asihambe nayo nantoni na. Iimali ezigidi ezi-2 eziye zavuswa kwakhona, ngoko ke, ziphakamisa inzuzo nge $ 400,000 ukwenzela ukuba kunyaka ozayo, bangene kwi $ 5.4 yezigidi. Yiyo yokukhula kweepesenti eziyi-8 kwenkampani yonke.
Iigidi eziyi-1.5 yezigidi ezihlawulwe njengenzuzo yemali, efikelela kwi-1.50 yeesabelo ngasinye. Ngoko ke, ukuba unayo izabelo eziyi-100, umzekelo, uza kufumana i-$ 150 ngeposi.
Iigidi eziyi-1.5 yezigidi ezisetyenziselwa ukuthengwa kwesitokisi. Khumbula ukuba kukho izabelo eziyizigidi eziyi-1.25 zeempahla ezikhoyo. Ulawulo luya kwenkampani ekhethekileyo yokuthengisa umrhweba, kwaye bathengisa ama-25,000 amasheya esitokweni sabo kwi-60 yeesahlulo ngasinye ngesabelo semali eyi-1.5 yezigidi kunye nokuyichitha. Kuye. Asokho. Isiphumo kukuba ngoku kukho izigidi eziyi-1.225 zeesayitile ezikhoyo ezikhoyo. Ngamanye amagama, isabelo ngasinye esele ngoku simele malunga no-2 ekhulwini ubunini kwishishini kunokuba ngaphambili. Ngoko, kunyaka ozayo, xa inzuzo i-$ 5.4 yezigidi-ukwanda kwama-8 ekhulwini ngonyaka kunyaka - baya kuhlulwa phakathi kwezabelo eziyi-1.225 yezigidi ezenza ngamnye umntu anelungelo lokufumana i-$ 4.41 kwinzuzo, ukwanda kwinqanaba elithile le-10.25 ekhulwini. Ngamanye amazwi, inzuzo yangempela kubanikazi kwisabelo ngasinye sakhula ngokukhawuleza kunenzuzo yenkampani ngokubanzi kuba ikwahlula phakathi kwabatyalo-mali abambalwa.
Ukuba usebenzise i-$ 1.50 yakho yesabelo ngasinye kwizabelo zemali ukuthenga i-stock engaphezulu, usenokuthi ukwandisa ukuba isabelo sakho sabelo sabelo siphezulu malunga neepesenti ezingama-2 ukuba ukwenzile ngeprogram yokubuyisela ixabiso lokuhlawula ixabiso eliphantsi okanye umthengisi ongenakuhlawula ngenkonzo. Oko, ukudibanisa ne-10.25 ekhulwini kwenyusa kwi-share share ngasinye, bekuya kubangela ukukhula kwe-12.25 ekhulwini ngonyaka kulolo hlobo lotyalo-mali. Xa ujongwa ngaphaya kwe-6 ekhulwini le-Nondyebo ukuvelisa ukuba yinto enhle kakhulu ukuze ukwazi ukuxuma kwithuba elinjalo.
Ngoku, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba abatyali-zimali bekwesaba okanye bakhule benethemba? Emva koko into yesithathu iya kudlala - ukuhlaziywa okubangelwa utshintsho kwi-Wall Street ekulungele ukuhlawula yonke i-$ 1 kwimali. Ukuba ngaba abatyali-mali baqhutywe kwizabelo ze-PFG kuba becinga ukuba ukukhula bekuya kukhangeleka, i-p / e ingafikelela kuma-20, oku kudala i-$ 80 yexabiso lentengo yesabelo (i-EPS 4 x x $ 20 = $ 80 ngesabelo ngasinye). Iigidi eziyi-1.5 yezigidi ezisetyenziselwa ukuhlawulwa kwemali kwaye i-1.5 million yezigidi ezisetyenziselwa ukuthengwa kwamashishini ayengayithengi imali eninzi, ngoko umnini-mali uza kuphelisa ngobunini obuncinci kuba izabelo zabo zizothengisa ngokulinganisela. Benza yona kwinzuzo enkulu abayibonayo-emva koko, bathenga i-stock ye-$ 60 kwaye ngoku i-$ 80 ngesabelo nge-20 yenzuzo.
Kuthekani ukuba kwenzeka ntoni? Kuthekani ukuba abatshali-mali batya, bathengise imali yabo engama-401k, baxoshe imali ngaphandle kweemarike, kwaye ixabiso lebhanki yakho liwa, uthi, imali eyi-8x? Emva koko, ujongana nentengo ye-stock $ 40. Ngoku, into enomdla apha kukuba nangona utyalo-mali ehleli elahlekileyo enkulu-ukusuka kwi-60 engama sabelo kwisithuba se-40 seesabelo ngasinye, ebhoxisa i-33 + ekhulwini kwixabiso lempahla yabo, ekuhambeni kwexesha, baya kuba ngcono ngezizathu ezibini:
- Izabelo ezibuyisiwe ziza kuthengwa kwesitokisi, ukwandisa ipesenti yenkampani otyalo-mali. Kwakhona, imali yokuthengwa kwamashishini iya kuthenga i-stock engaphezulu, okubangela ukuba izabelo ezimbalwa zivelele. Ngamanye amagama, ukuqhubela phambili kwexabiso lesitokhwe, ubunini bomnini-mali otyalo-mali angayifumana ngokuhlawulela imali kunye nokuthengwa kwezabelo.
- Bangasebenzisa imali eyongezelelweyo kwi-shishini, emsebenzini, umvuzo, umvuzo, okanye ezinye iirhasi zokuthenga imali. Ukuba ngaba bakhathazeke ngokwenene ngexesha elide, ilahleko ezihamba ngendleleni ekufutshane-nxaxheba azikhathazeki - ziza kuqhubeka zithengela oko zithandayo, ngaphandle kokuba zineenqanaba ezihlukeneyo zokuncedisa ukuba ukuba inkampani ifune ngenxa yesikhalazo okanye esinye isiganeko, abayi kutshabalaliswa.
Kukho iingozi ezimbalwa ezingabangela iingxaki:
- Kungenzeka ukuba ukuba inkampani ingabonakali kakhulu, umthengi angenza ibhidi yenkampani kwaye azame ukuyithatha, ngamanye amaxesha ngexabiso elingaphantsi kwexabiso lakho lokuqala lokuthenga. Ngamanye amagama, wawungumntu ochanekileyo, kodwa waphunyezwa ngaphandle komfanekiso ngumtyalomali omkhulu.
- Ukuba isalathisi sakho siqu asikhuselekile, unokufuna ukuza ngemali kwaye unyanzeliswe ukuba uthengise ngelahleko ezinkulu ngenxa yokuba unayo imali kwenye indawo. Kungenxa yoko akufanele utyalomali kwiimarike nayiphi na imali efunekayo kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo.
- Abantu bahlakulela izakhono zabo, italente kunye nesimo sengqondo. Awukwazi ukukhetha inkampani enkulu kuba awunayo izakhono zobalo-mali okanye ulwazi loshishino ukuze ukwazi ukuba yiziphi iifemu ezithandekayo ngokumalunga nokuhamba kwazo kwexesha elizayo. Unokucinga ukuba unako ukubukela ilahleko xa uthenga amasheya, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu abantu abanomoya. Kwimeko yam, ayizange ibangele intliziyo yam ukuphakamisa ukuba sivuka ekuseni kusasa nangaphambi kwekhofi, iphothifoliyo yeofisi ihle kakhulu kwimizuzu embalwa. Akusikhathazi nje ngokuba oko senzayo kukukwakhela iqoqo lexesha elide lokuvelisa imali yobunini kwiifemu esifuna ukusibamba ixesha elide. Sisoloko sithenga ngaphezulu. Sisoloko sivuselela izihlawulelo zethu. Kwaye ezininzi iinkampani zethu azithethi kuphela ukukhula kwangomso kodwa ziphinde zithengise izabelo zazo.
Ngoku, oku kungaphezulu kokugqithisa. Kukho ezininzi, ezininzi, iinkcukacha ezininzi ezingabandakanywa apha eziza kubangela isigqibo malunga nokuba isitokethi esithile okanye ukhuseleko olulungele ukutyalomali. Yenzelwe ukuba ingenzi nto ngaphezu kokubonelela isicatshulwa esibanzi senkcazo yendlela abatyali-mali abanokucinga ngayo ngeemarike kunye nokukhetha amasheya athile ngaphakathi kuyo.
Umgca ophantsi - kumntu oqhuba i- fund , i- hedge fund , okanye iphothifoliyo enexabiso elincinci lemali, amaninzi amakhulu emakethi angabhubhisa kokubili ukulungelelanisa kwabo kunye nokuphepha kwabo emsebenzini. Kubamashishini abashishini kunye nabama-shishini abecinga ukuthenga amasheya njengokuzuza ubunini kwiinkampani, bangaba nethuba elihle lokukhulisa inzuzo yakho.
Njengoko uBuffett uthe, akayazi ukuba imarike iya kuphakama, okanye phantsi, okanye ngasecaleni kwinyanga okanye kwiminyaka embalwa ukususela ngoku. Kodwa uyazi ukuba kuya kuba nezinto ezinengqiqo ukwenza okwangoku. Akusiyo yonke into esiyingozi kwaye idangele - idoli elidibeneyo yinto ehle kakhulu kwiifemu ezininzi zelizwe ezifana neCoca-Cola, iGeneral Electric, Procter & Gamble, i-General Electric, i-Procter neGamble, i-Tiffany neNkampani, njl. Inokubuyisela imali kwiimarike zaphesheya ukuya kwi-greenbacks eshibhile . Khumbula nje - kukho umthengi kunye nomthengisi kuyo yonke imali. Omnye wale mibutho ayiphutha. Ixesha liza kuxela ukuba ngubani othe wafumana into engcono.
Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe
Eli nqaku liyinxalenye yethu Indlela yokufumana isisombululo esisisityebi sabatyalomali abatsha.