Yintoni Yokujonga Nento Oyakuyiphepha
Iipilele kwiAples: Thelekisa iiNgxowa kwiiNgqamaniso ezifanelekileyo
Icandelo lokuqala lolwazi ukuhlalutya kunye nokusebenza kwemali yengxowa yerhafu yeenjongo zeengxowa -mali xa kuthelekiswa nesilinganiselo esifanelekileyo.
Umzekelo, ukuba ubheka kwi- 401 (k) isitatimenti kwaye uqaphele ukuba enye yemali yakho inokuhla kwexabiso elikhulu kodwa abanye baye benza kakuhle ngexesha elifanelekileyo, oku akukho nto ibonisa ukuba i-fund eyancitshiswayo kufuneka isuswe yakho portfolio. Jonga iintlobo zeengxowa-mali kunye neendidi zokuqala ukuqonda ukuba ezinye iimali ezikwinqanaba ziye zenza umsebenzi ofanayo.
Ungasebenzisa kwakhona isalathisi somboniso. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ingxowa-mali yesikhwama se-stock cap, ibhonchmark efanelekileyo yi- S & P 500 . Ukuba i-S & P 500 yehlile i-10% ngelixa uhlalutya kodwa i-fund yakho yanciphise i-8%, unganakho isizathu sokukhathazeka malunga nokusebenza kwengxowa-mali yakho.
Yazi Xa ukusebenza kakuhle ku nokuba nzima
Ukuba utyalo-mali kwingxowa-mali, ngokukodwa imali yengxowa-mali, mhlawumbi uceba ukuyibamba ubuncinane iminyaka emithathu okanye ngaphezulu. Ukwenza oku kucinga, akukho nto imfuneko yokujonga kwixesha elingaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu.
Nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba i-short-term return, yonyaka ongu-1, ayikho nto. Enyanisweni ukubuyiselwa kweminyaka eyi-1 yesikhwama sokubambisana okuphakamileyo kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimali ezikwinqanaba layo kungabonakalisa isilumkiso.
Ewe, ukusebenza okunamandla kungabonakalisa isibonakaliso esibi . Kukho izizathu ezimbalwa zezi: Isizathu esisodwa kukuba unyaka ongeyodwa wokubuyiswa okungaqhelekanga awuyiyo.
Ukutshala imali ngumqhubi, kungekhona uhlanga; kufanele kube nzima, kungabi mnandi. Umsebenzi onamandla awuhlali. Esinye isizathu sokuhlala unamahloni ukusuka ekusebenzeni kwexesha elifutshane kukuba oku kubangele izinto ezininzi kwi-fund. Imali encinci yemali kulula ukulawula kuneemali ezinkulu. Cinga ngesinqanawa esincinci esingahamba ngokulula amanzi athengisayo. Abanye abatyali-mali bathetha imali ethe xaxa, eyenza isikhephe esikhulu ukuba sihambe. Ingxowa-mali eyayinomnyaka omkhulu ayikho enye ingxowa-mali eyayisakuba nayo kwaye akufanele ilindeleke ukuba yenze enye ezayo. Enyanisweni, ukunyuka okukhulu kweempahla kunokungonakalisa kakhulu amathuba okuxhaswa kwexesha elizayo. Yingakho abaphathi bezimali ezifanelekileyo bavale imali kwiimali-mali ezizayo; abakwazi ukuhamba ngeemarike njengokuba kulula ngemali eninzi yokulawula.
Qonda uphinde ucinge ngeeNgqungquthela zoshishino nezezoqoqosho
Xoxa nabacebisi abatsha-mali abatsha-mali kwaye uya kufumana iimpendulo ezili-10 ezahlukeneyo malunga naziphi na ixesha elibaluleke kakhulu ukuhlalutya ukucacisa ukuba yeyiphi i-fund eyona nto ibhetele kwindlela yokusebenza. Uninzi luya ku lumkisa ukuba ukusebenza kwexesha elifutshane (1 unyaka okanye ngaphantsi) akuyi kukuxelela ngokubanzi malunga nendlela i-fund iya kuyenza ngayo ikamva. Enyanisweni, ngaba abaphathi abaxhamli bezona zimfuno kulindeleke ukuba banokungenani unyaka omnye ombi kwizinto ezintathu.
Iimali ezilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo zifuna ukuba abaphathi bakwazi ukuthatha ingozi ekubaleni amanqaku abo. Ngoko ke, unyaka omnye wokusebenza kakubi kungabonisa ukuba i-stock manager okanye izikhethi ezikhethiweyo azizange zibe nexesha lokufikelela kwiziphumo ezilindelekileyo.
Gxininisa kwiminyaka emi-5 kunye ne-10 yee-Period ze-Mutual Fund Performance
Kanye njengokuba abanye abaphathi bezezimali bafanele babe nomnyaka ombi ngezikhathi ezithile, abaphathi bezimali bazimisele ukwenza okungcono kwimimandla ethile yezoqoqosho, kwaye ngoko ke ixesha elongeziweyo liye lafikelela kwiminyaka emithathu, lingcono kunezinye. Umzekelo, mhlawumbi umphathi wezikhwama unengqiqo-mali yokugcina imali ekhokelela ekusebenzeni ngokuthe ngantoni kwiimeko ezingekho phantsi kwezoqoqosho kodwa ukwenziwa komgangatho ophantsi kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo zezoqoqosho. Ukusebenza kwengxowa-mali ingabonakala ibomelele okanye ibuthathaka ngoku kodwa oko kwenzeka ntoni kwiminyaka emi-2 okanye emithathu ezayo?
Ukuqwalasela ukuba iindlela zokulawulwa kweengxowa-mali ziza kwaye zingenasisiseko kwaye ukuba iimeko zentengiso zihlala zitshintsha, kulungile ukugweba izakhono zomphathi wezezimali, kwaye ngoko ke intsebenziswano ethile yentlawulo yee-fund, ngokujonga ixesha elidlulayo. indawo zo qoqosho. Ngokomzekelo, ubuninzi bemigangatho yezoqoqosho (umjikelo opheleleyo oqulethwe ngamaxesha athathekayo kunye nokukhula) yiminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweyesi-7 ngexesha elide. Ngokomzekelo, ngaphezu kwexesha elininzi leminyaka emi-5, ubuncinane ubuncinane kwiminyaka eyi-1 okanye emi-2 apho ubutyebi bebuthathaka okanye ekuthengeni kwemali kwaye iimarike zamasheya ziphendule kakubi. Kwaye ngeli xesha eli-5 leminyaka kukho ubuncinane ubuncinane kwiminyaka emi-2 okanye emithathu apho uqoqosho kunye neemarike zilungile. Ukuba uhlalutya ingxowa-mali kunye neminyaka emi-5 yokubuya ephezulu ngaphezu kweemali ezininzi kwicandelo lawo, unayo imali ekufuneka uhlolisise.
Sebenzisa iMigangatho yokuPhathwa kweNgxowa-mali
Ixesha lexesha eliqhelekileyo lokusebenza kweengxowa-mali ezikhoyo kubafaki-mali kubandakanya iminyaka-1 ubudala, iminyaka-3 ubudala, iminyaka emi-5 kunye ne-10 yembuyekezo. Ukuba ubuza kunika iisindo ezinzima (ukugxininisa ngakumbi) kwixesha elifanelekileyo lokusebenza kunye nezisisindo esezantsi (ukugxininiswa okuncinci) kwixesha elingaphantsi kwexesha lokusebenza, isikhokelo sakho sokuthobeka se-joint mutual fund sikhombisa ukulinganisa iminyaka emi-5 ephakamileyo, elandelwa ngumnyaka-10 , emva kweminyaka engama-3 kunye neminyaka eyi-1 yokugqibela. Umzekelo, unokwenza inkqubo yakho yokuvavanya isekelwe kwipesenti zezilingo. Masithi unika ubunzima obungama-40% kwixesha eli-5 leminyaka, ubunzima obungama-30% ukuya kwi-10 leminyaka, ubunzima obungama-20% ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu ubudala kunye no-10% ubunzima ukuya kwi-1 iminyaka. Unako ukwandisa ipesenteji zeesisindo ngokubuya ngokulandelelana kwezihlandlo ezinikeziweyo kunye nomyinge wee totals. Unokuqhathanisa imali kunye nomnye. Indlela elula yokwenza oku kukusebenzisa enye yezona ndawo zisesayithi eziphandleyo zophando kunye nokwenza uphando lwakho olusekelwe kwiminyaka emi-5 yokubuyiselwa, ngoko ukhangele ezinye iirhafu xa ufumene ezinye izinto ezinokubakho. Le ndlela yokwenza umlinganiselo kunye / okanye yokukhangela iqinisekisa ukuba uza kukhetha imali efanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwintsebenzo enika iingqinisiso ezinzulu malunga nokusebenza kwangomso.
Musa ukulibala malunga noMphathi weNkundla
Umphathi wolawulo kufuneka ahlalutye ngokufanayo kunye nokusebenza kwemali. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba ukubuyiswa kweminyaka emi-5 eqinile, umzekelo, akuthethi nto ukuba umphathi wezikhwama ubekho kwisixhobo seminyaka eli-1 kuphela. Ngokufanayo, ukuba ukubuyela kweeminyaka ezi-10 zonyaka ziphantsi kweyantlukwano kunye nezinye iirhafu kwinqanaba kodwa ukusebenza kweminyaka emi-3 kubonakala kukuhle, unokuqwalasela le ngxowa-mali ukuba umphathi wexesha eliyiminyaka engama-3. Oku kungenxa yokuba umphathi-mali we-fund ufumana i-credit ngokumalunga neminyaka emi-3 kodwa akafumani ityala elipheleleyo lokubuyiselwa kweminyaka eli-10.
Ukuziphendulela : Ulwazi olukule ndawo lunikezelwa ngeenjongo zengxoxo kuphela, kwaye akufanele lichazwe ngokungeniswa njengeengcebiso zotyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kweemeko ngaba le nkcazelo ibonisa isincomo sokuthenga okanye ukuthengisa iziqinisekiso.