Mngcipheko woTshintsho lwangaphandle
Ingozi yokutshintshiselana kwamanye amazwe ingozi yokuba utshintsho lwemibutho yemali luhamba ngaphaya kwemiqathango eyamkelekileyo. Xa kuziwa kwizinto eziphathekayo, idola yindlela yokuhlawula intengo yehlabathi jikelele, ukuba akuninzi, izinto ezibonakalayo.
Kungenxa yokuba idola liyimali yokugcina umhlaba. Iinguqu kwixabiso leedola ngokubhekiselele kwezinye iirhafu zihlala ziguqulela ukuthenga okanye ukuthengisa uxinzelelo kwixabiso lexabiso.
I dollar ebuthakathaka ihlala ixhasa amaxabiso emveliso. Kungenxa yokuba xa idola lihamba liphantsi, amanani entengo kwezinye iirhafu ziyawa. Njengoko amaxabiso awela izinto ezimbini, ixabiso liyancipha ukwandisa kwaye kunikezela ukuhlahlela njengoko i-inventories iwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, xa idola liqinisa , amanani entengo kwezinye iirhafu ahambisa umlimi okhuthazayo othengisayo kwindawo apho ifuna khona ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu lendawo. I dollar eqinile ithambekele ekubeni yinto engalunganga kwixabiso lexabiso.
Xa kuziwa kubavelisi, iziphumo eziphezulu zeedola kwiindleko eziphantsi zokuvelisa iimpahla eziveliswa ngamazwe angama-dollar. Iindleko zemveliso ephakamileyo zibangela ukuba umphumo uphumelele kwaye ngezinye izikhathi umise.
Xa iindleko zokuvelisa ziphakama ngaphezu kwexabiso lemarike kwaye zihlala apho ixesha elide, abavelisi ababiza iindleko zivame ukuyeka ukuvelisa. Njengoko ubona, kukho ukulungelelaniswa okuphambeneyo phakathi kwedola kunye namaxabiso entengo.
Umzekelo wendlela umngcipheko woshishino lwangaphandle onokuchaphazela ngayo intengo yempahla yintlangano yamuva kwidola ngokumalunga nemali yaseBrazil, eyinyani.
I-Brazili yimihlaba yomhlaba omnye nomvelisi kunye nomthumeli wenkunkuma. Xa idola liphakama ngeli xesha phakathi kukaMeyi 2014 nakwiMatshi 2015 intlawulo yeswekile ihlile ukusuka kuma-18 cm ukuya ngaphantsi kwama-13 eentimitha nganye. Inkcazo yeli dola yaxabiswa ngama-27% ngaphezu kwexesha kwaye intengo yeswekile iyancipha yimalunga efanayo. Ngelo xesha, imali yaseBrazil yawela ngo-30%. Ngako oko, ushukela empeleni awuzange unyuke emzantsi kwimibandela yangempela yaseBrazil kwaye ukuthengiswa kumvelisi omnye wenani eliqhubekayo kukunyanzelisa ixabiso lentela ephantsi. Lo ngumzekelo omnye wendlela intengo yangaphakathi yexabiso lemveliso ekukhuthazeni ukuthengisa ngexesha lokutshintshwa kwezinga lokutshintshiselana kwamanye amazwe. Iindleko zokuvelisa ushukela empeleni zawa kubaseBrazil njengendleko zabasebenzi zithintela ngokwemali yemimandla yendawo ngokubhekiselele kwixabiso lamazwe ngamazwe ashukela ehlabathini.
Amanqanaba okutshintshiselana kwamanye amazwe ayimfuneko ebalulekileyo kwimveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemveliso. Xa ukuveliswa kweemveliso kubakho kwindawo enye kunye nokusetyenziswa kwenye, amaxesha ahlukeneyo ngemali ahlala echaphazela intengo. Abakhiqizi abaninzi kunye nabathengi bempahla, ngoko ke, ingozi yezemali engqongqo engathintela amashishini abo.
Ingozi yomhlaba
Umngcipheko we-geographical is an important factor of values values. Iindawo ezahlukeneyo emhlabeni jikelele zineengozi ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ngozi zihluka ngokumangalisayo. Kwinqanaba elinye, umngcipheko wendawo ungabandakanyeka nomngcipheko wezopolitiko. Isizwe ngasinye sinendawo yaso kunye nemigaqo nemimiselo kunye neenguqu kwizakhiwo zikaRhulumente eziguqula le migaqo zinokuchaphazela amaxabiso, njengokuba kunokugqitywa kwemfazwe okanye ezinye iziganeko kwindawo ethile. Kwesinye isigaba, umngcipheko wendawo uhlala udibene nomngcipheko wokugxilwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kwindawo efana nendawo ngokusekelwe kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo kuloo ndawo. Iziganeko zendalo zingenzeka ngenxa yemozulu okanye ezinye izinto zendalo. Yingakho iintlanga ezininzi okanye iinkampani ezithengisa iimveliso ezihlukeneyo kwiindawo ezahlukileyo.
Umzekelo wale nto ibhanki yegolide yebhanki. Iibhanki eziphambili emhlabeni jikelele zibambe igolide njengendawo yokugcina imali. Nangona amanye amazwe agcina igolide ngaphakathi kwimida yawo, abanye bahluka ngokugcina i-bullion kwamanye amazwe. Ibhanki yaseNgilani, iBhanki yeSigancial Reserve e-New York, iBhanki ye-Reserve yase-Australia yonke ibamba igolide egameni lezinye iintlanga ezijongene nokujongana nomngcipheko wezo ndawo.
Uphuhliso olutsha
Ngo-2016, ukunyanzeliswa kwemali kwiimarike zemali ehlabathini lonke kwande kakhulu. Ixabiso lexabiso lexabiso elixabisekileyo kwixabiso leemali zonke ezithetha ukuba ukubaluleka kwemali yamaphepha ekhutshwe nguorhulumente. Siqeqeshwe ukuxabisa imali ngeyodwa kunye nezinye. Izinga lokutshintshiselana kwamanye amazwe lilinganisa ixabiso lentengo enye ngokumelene nomnye, njengedola ngokubhekiselele kwi-euro okanye i-pound sterling ngokumelene ne yen. Nangona kunjalo, xa amaxabiso ezinsimbi ezinqwenelekayo njengegolide kunye nesilivere kunyuka kuzo zonke iimali zemali esi sitshoyo ukuba isitshixo sephepha lokuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe siye sayeka.
Imarike yemali yaba yinto enzima emva kokuba iBritani ivote ukuhamba kwiYurophu YaseYurophu ekupheleni kukaJuni 2016. Ngo-2016, umngcipheko washintshiselwano lwangaphandle wenyuka ngokunyuka kokunyuka kwiimarike zemali.