Akukho nkcazo ibonakalise ukuxhatshazwa kweemvakalelo kunye neengxaki ezijongene nabantu abaqhelekileyo bezama ukwakha ubomi obungcono kubo kunye neentsapho zabo kunelizwi eliye labizwa ngokuba ngumtyalo-mpu melelo kakhulu, ngoku ungowomntu ocebile kakhulu kwihlabathi i-fortune eqikelelwa ngaphezu kwe-2 biliyoni: "I-$ 100,000 yokuqala iyinkokhelo." Mxolele ulwimi, kodwa uthetha kum namava, ndivuma ngokuqinisekileyo kwaye ndingayingqina loo nto. Ingxenye yale yiphumo yerhafu yentlawulo. Ingxenye yalo yimihlobo yokuhlanganiswa - izibalo ezilula zixelela ukuba ukubuyiswa kwe-10% kwi-$ 1,000,000 yi-$ 100,000; kunye nohlobo olunjalo lwemali, ukubuyela okunjalo kuya kufutshane nxamnye nomfundisi oza kulwa kunye no-$ 10,000 okanye i-$ 20,000. Inxalenye yesithathu ngamava. Khawucinge nje ixesha, umzamo, kunye nentlungu onokuziphepha xa ungabuyela kwaye ukhulume nawe kwishumi elineshumi elinesihlanu okanye elishumi elinesibhozo ubudala, udlula ulwazi malunga nemali nje, kodwa ubomi ngokubanzi.
Kweli nyathelo-ngeyinyathelo, inxalenye yeSiqendu sokuQala isiQala sokuSindisa iMali , ndiza kukunika iinkcazo eziqhelekileyo eziza kukunceda ukuba uqalise endleleni yokubeka eceleni i-$ 100,000 yakho yokuqala kwinkunzi-mali, ukhululekile kwaye ucacile . Ngokuqinisekileyo, imithetho kunye namasiko ahluka ngohlobo, ummandla kunye nelizwe, ngoko akukho nto yenze utyalo-mali, irhafu, okanye isiluleko somthetho kwaye kufuneka udibanise neengcali zakho ezifanelekileyo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba isicwangciso esithile, isakhiwo okanye inkqubo yesenzo kulungile kuwe. Ekugqibeleni, ithemba lam kukuba liza kusindisa kunye nokutshala imali ngokulula nje .
01 Yazi ikhowudi yentela
Kulo xesha ngexesha lobomi bomntu - xa bekunzima ukuhlawula iindleko kwaye kusekho phantsi kweerhafu zerhafu - kuba kunzima ukwakha ubutyebi. ICongress inikezele iindlela ezininzi zokuhamba phambili kwikhowudi yentlawulo, ngokukodwa kwiRoth IRA , i-IRA yeNdabuko kunye ne- 401k izicwangciso . Kwimeko yamibini emibini, imali ehlawulwayo ekutyaleni imali yenzelwe irhafu ngexesha elityalomali. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba unika i-$ 5,000 ukuya kwi-401k kwaye uhlala kwi-bracket yama-25%, awuyi kuhlawula i-$ 1,250 kwiirhafu zentlawulo ye-Federal kule mali ngenxa yokuba, ixesha lide, ngokubhekiselele kurhulumente, akuzange kubekho. Oko kuthetha ukuba ngaphandle kwesango, unayo i-$ 1,250 eyokusebenzela. Ukuba ufanele uthathe loo mali kwinkokhelo yakho ukuzama ukuhlawula iibhilikhwe zakho, uza kuphelisa nge $ 0.75 kwi-$ 1 ngenxa yengeniso yerhafu yengeniso.
02 Hamba Emva kwemali yamahhala
Ngokufanayo, ukuba uya kuba netyala (okungahambi kakuhle), qiniseka ukuba uya kwixabiso elincinci, irhafu-deductible, ixesha elide, uhlobo olusisigxina. Umdla wekhadi lomntu wesikweletu awukhangeli irhafu. Masithi unayo ibhalansi ye-15,000 kunye namakhadi akho akuhlawula inzala engama-23% ngonyaka. Uya kufuneka ufike malunga ne-$ 3,500 ngonyaka ukwenzela ukugqithisa iintlawulo zenzalo-ayenakho ukuhlawula inqununu! Le mali ayinakucatshulwa kwiirhafu zakho zerhafu okanye iintlawulo zakho zokuhlawula iintlawulo, oku kuthetha ukuba abaninzi baseMelika bafumana imali engaphantsi kwama-100,000 e-year ngonyaka, kuya kufuneka wenze imali engama-R200 5,200 ngaphambi kokuhlawula iindleko zakho. Yiyo i-$ 200 ngexesha lokuhlawula xa uhlawulwa ngeveki ngeeveki (ezingama-26 ngonyaka), okanye i-$ 433 xa uhlawulwa ngenyanga. Cinga nge - $ 433 ngenyanga ngenyanga yengeniso yakho kuphela kwiinkonzo zenzalo, ngaphandle kokunciphisa ibhalansi yenqununu. Ngomntu osebenza iiyure ezingama-40 ngeveki, iiveki ezingama-52 ngonyaka, yi-2.50 yeyure ngeyure nje ukugcina umthwalo wetyala. Kuphazamisa umntu owenza iRandi 8 okanye i-$ 10 ngeyure. Ngoku, thetha ngokuzama ukungahlawulisi nje ityala, kodwa ubeke imali eceleni kwimeko engcono kwaye iyanzima.
Ukuba umqeshi wakho unika ukulingana kwama-401k, uyisebenzise. Kulo mzekelo ungentla, ukuba ufumana idola-dollar efananisweyo yokuqala, uthi, ama-5% eminikelo yakho kwaye wenze i-$ 30,000 ngonyaka, uza kufumana i-$ 1,500 yemidlalo ebhonasi efakwe kwi-akhawunti yakho. Uyazi ukuba ulondoloze i-$ 1,250 kwerhafu, ngoku ngoku ngokubeka i-$ 5,000 kwi-401k yakho, unayo i-$ 6,250 eyinkunzi eyinkunzi kuwe-okanye i-$ 2,750 ngaphezu kwakho ukuba wawube nayo xa uthe wathatha imali yokuhlawula rhoqo, uyihlawula irhafu, kwaye wazama imali kwi-akhawunti ye-brokerage! Iphantse imali engama-79% ngaphezulu emsebenzini!
03 Yenza abavelisi beeCash kuphela kwiityalo-mali
Enye indlela yokongeza imali eyongezelelekileyo ikhula i-pie yakho yengeniso, kungekhona nje ukuzama ukunciphisa iindleko ezingaphezulu kwindlela ophila ngayo. Ukuba unetalente okanye ubuchule, mhlawumbi unokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo kwicala lokuthabatha ama-dollar angama-dollar ngenyanga, zonke ezo zifumana iindleko zeedola eziphakanyisiweyo zibe zi-stock chip. Mhlawumbi usebenza embonini; Ngaba unokuthatha iiyure ezongezelelweyo? Ngokuzisa imali ethe xaxa, uncedisa inkxaso-mali yakho ngaphandle kokuchukumisa ubomi bakho obuqhelekileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu kuba kunokwenzeka ukuba uya kuba uzimisele ukuhlala kwikhosi njengoko awuyi kuziva unyanzelekile.
Oku kungabonakali ngathi kuninzi, kodwa ukuba unako ukulawula ukukhupha i-$ 10 eyongezelelweyo ngosuku ngemisebenzi emitsha yeprojekthi okanye iiprojekthi, kwi-10% ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-40, uthetha nge-$ 1.6 + yezigidi! Abantu abaqeqeshiwe ukuba bacinge njalo, kwaye inkqubo yethu yemfundo ngokuqinisekileyo ayibonakali ukubanika ezi zixhobo. Awukwazi ukuzama ukubeka bucala i-sums-fortune eyakhiwa i-$ 1 okanye i-$ 3 ngexesha. Leyo mali ihlanganiswa, ikhula, kwaye iyakha. Kuphela uhlobo lwezinto. Ingqungquthela ayiyi kuba yi-oak enamandla ngobusuku, okanye kwiminyaka embalwa. Kuthatha ixesha.
04 Lungisa Ubomi Bakho
Oku kungabonakali kunembile, kodwa ndithembele kulo. Kwabaninzi abantu, i-clutter ayilona ihlazo kuphela, kodwa inexabiso lezemali. Uchitha ixesha ukukhangela izinto, indawo yokuyigcina, ukulahlekelwa ukuhlawulwa kweerhafu ngenxa yokuba ungenayo iirisithi yakho ikhathalogu okanye awufumani iifowuni kwi-imeyile-kwisaphulelo, kufuna ixesha elingakumbi kubagcini-zimali kunye namagqwetha ukulungisa izinto zakho. xa kukho into engalunganga, okanye ulahlekelwe iwaranti yakho yemoto, ukwenza ukuba uhlawule ukulungiswa kweendleko ngaphandle kwepokothini. Kukho iindleko ezinkulu zezemali zokungahlanjululwa.
- Vula isethi yeefayili ezingama-26 ezilenga, kunye nebheyibhile ematshiweni ngamnye kwileta nganye yealfabhethi, AZ.
- Njalo xa usebenzisa imali, gcwalisa iphepha lokukhupha, uyibeke kwikopi yerisiti kunye neyokuqala, kwaye uyifake igama lomthengisi kwifayile efanelekileyo. Ukuba uthe wachitha i-$ 97.52 kwiWal-Mart, uya kugxininisa izinto ezichithwe irhafu kwikopi (ezinye iirisithi eziza kusasaza ziza kubhubha xa uphawula loxwebhu), uze uyifake phantsi kwe "W". Ekupheleni konyaka, kuba nzima ukulandelela iindleko zakho kwaye uphendule iifayile zakho malunga nokulungiswa kweerhafu.
- Phonsa izinto ongazisebenzisiyo. Kakhulu. Ubomi bakho buya kuziva buhlambulukile xa sele buhambe.
- Ukuba unempahla eyaneleyo yokwenza ingqiqo yezemali, cinga ukuhlanganisa yonke yakho yemali impilo kunye nenkampani enye. Iibhanki ezininzi ngoku zininzi iinkonzo zorhwebo ezibandakanya ukuhlola, ukugcina imali, imarike yemali, i-brokerage, i-inshorensi, iimali zokuhlala ekhaya kunye nemigangatho yokulingana kwemali-mboleko, ikholeji yekolishi, ikhadi lekhredithi, ukucwangciswa kwempahla, kunye neenkonzo zokuthatha umhlalaphantsi. E-Wachovia, ezi ziphantsi kweprogram ye-Asset Command, kwi-UBS (i-United Bank yaseSwitzerland), yi-Akhawunti yoLawulo lweMithombo, e-Wells Fargo abathengisa njenge-Akhawunti yoLawulo lwePortfolio, nje ngokuba bathi ezimbalwa.
05 Funda ukuLawula uxanduva lweCandelo lokuBhalisa
Iphutha eliqhelekileyo labatyalomali abahlala belenza ukugxila kuphela kwicala le-asset kwibhalansi yabo. Icala elijongene nalo, apho amatyala agcinwa khona, kubaluleke kakhulu. Umbuzo esivame ukuwufumana kukuba, "Ngaba ndimele ndihlawule ityala lam okanye ndenze imali?" Kwaye impendulo ilula: Kuxhomekeka. Nangona unezigidi zeedola ngokubutyebi, ukuba unenzuzo ngokwaneleyo yokuba uqokelele imali yentlawulo echithwe kwi-Federal Student loan e-5% kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini ezayo, mhlawumbi kube yimpazamo ukugxila ekuhlawuleleni abo ngenxa indleko yemali. Emva kokwenziwa kwexabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso, ukugcinwa kwemali yentlawulo, kunye neendleko zithuba lokutshala imali kwiimpahla ezikhangeleleneyo ezifana nokuqokelela i-blue chip stocks, ukuhlawula le matyala ngexabiso lotyalo-mali kunokubangela izigidi zamadola angaphantsi kwexesha elide.
Kwinqanaba le-flip ye-Janus yemali, akukho nto ingenayo ingqalelo ekutsalweni kwi-akhawunti ye-brokerage rhoqo ukuba uhlawula i-20% kwikhadi lekhredithi ngenxa yamatyala oye waqokelela kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ndimangaliswa ukuva abantu bethetha ngokuthatha iifestile, ukuthenga izipho zeKhisimusi, ukuthatha iikhati entsha, okanye ukuphuma ekudleni xa bebhukuda elwandle lendleko ephezulu.
06 Kubalulekile Ukuba Uzalise Zonke Iimfuno
Kwabo bakho kwi-investment-bayazi, oku kuye kwaphindwa ku-ad naum. Enye into ebaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wexesha elide xa unayo iqoqo lekhwalithi ephezulu, izitokisi ze-blue chip ukubuyisela izabelo. UNjingalwazi uJeremy Siegal ubonise umsebenzi wakhe kunye neencwadi ukuba oku kunganciphisi ixesha elithathayo ukufumana ilahleko kwiimarike, kodwa ngenxa yeli dola libiza umonakalo omkhulu, abatyali-mali abaninzi bafumana iziphumo ezingcono njengoko bengalingeka ukuba bafumane ixesha kwiimarike . Njengoko wabonisa encwadini yakhe:
Phakathi kowe-1950 no-2003, i-IBM yakhula ingeniso kwi-12.19% ngesabelo ngasinye, izabelo kwi-9.19% ngesabelo ngasinye, inzuzo nganye ngesabelo 10.94%, kunye nokukhula kwecandelo lika-14.65%. Ngexesha elifanayo, i-Standard Oil yaseNew Jersey (ngoku yingxenye ye-Exxon Mobile) inenzuzo yokukhula kwesabelo se-8.04% kuphela, isahlulo sokukhula kwesabelo se-7.11%, ukufumana isabelo ngasinye ngokukhula kwe-7.47%, kunye nokukhula kwecandelo elibi 14.22% .
Ukwazi ezi nkcukacha, yiyiphi na iifemu ezimbini oza kuba nazo? Impendulo inokumangalisa. Imali eyi-1 000 efunyenwe imali kwi-IBM yayiya kukhula ibe ngama-961,000 amawaka ngelixa inani elifanayo elibekelwe imali kwi-Standard Oil laliya ku-$ 1,260,000-okanye phantse i-$ 300,000 ngaphezulu-nangona isitokisi senkampani yeoli yanda ngokuphindwe ngama-120 ngeli xesha kunye ne-IBM, Ukwahlukana, kwandiswe ngama-300, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kabini inzuzo yesabelo ngasinye. Ulwahluko lwentsebenzo luvela kulawo mahlulelo abonakalayo: Nangona igalelo elithile lihle kakhulu kwi-IBM, abanini-nxaxheba abaye bathenga i-Standard Oil baza bahlawula imali yabo izabelo ziza kuba namaxesha angaphezu kwe-15 inani lezabelo abaqalise ngazo ngelixa i-IBM yabanikazi beempahla babe ne-3 kuphela -ixesha labo lemali yokuqala. Oku kuya ku bonisa ubungqina bokuba uBenjamin Graham uthi nangona ukusebenza komsebenzi kubalulekile, ixabiso liParamount.
07 Gcina iindleko eziphantsi-uze ucinge nge-Indexing
Xa uqala amancinci, unokholo olukhulu ekubakho uqoqosho lwakho lwesikali alukho. Awunakukwazi ukuhlawula i-$ 12 okanye i-$ 25 ikhomishini rhoqo xa unama-$ 500 ukuze utyalomali; kuya kutshabalalisa intsingiselo yakho enqununu kukho imali encinci emsebenzini. Esi sizathu sezihlandlo ezenza ukuba kuninzi kunomlinganiselo, umtyalo-mali omncinci ukuba abe ngumyinge weendleko ezilinganayo kwi-index-cost cost index inkcazo enikezelwa ngumbutho omkhulu njengeVanguard okanye Fidelity.
Ukubhalisela ezi zicwangciso kungenziwa kwiwebhusayithi nganye yewebhu kwaye konke okufuneka ukwenze kukukhetha i-fund apho unomdla (abaninzi abacebisi bakhetha iifom zenkcitho ephantsi efana ne-S & P 500), kwaye udibanise Ukujonga okanye ukugcina i-akhawunti ukwenzela ukuba i-othomathikhi, ukuhoxiswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwe kwimihla emiselweyo. Oku kuthatha uqikelelo ekulawuleni iphothifoliyo yakho njengoko uqobo uthenga "iMelika Inc."
Ukufumana ulwazi oluninzi, funda:
Indlela yokukhetha i-Winning Mutual Funds: I-10 Inkqubo Yengxenye yabatsha-mali