Imithetho emitsha yentlawulo ivumela i-529 yokuCwangcisa iMali yokuPhumela iMfundo yabucala
Ulungelelaniso lwe-529 Ulungiso lokuKhutshwa
Ngaphambili, ukulungiswa kwezicwangciso zokurhoxiswa kwezicwangciso ze-529 zazinqunyanyiswa ukuba zihoxiswe ukuhlawula iindleko zemfundo ephakamileyo kwiikholeji ezifanelekileyo nakwiiyunivesithi.
Ngokukodwa, oko kuthetha ukuba izikolo zifanelekile ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zoncedo zabafundi. Ukurhoxiswa kuncinci kwiindleko ezithile, kubandakanywa:
- Ukufundiswa kunye nemirhumo
- Igumbi kunye nebhodi yabafundi abahambayo ubuncinci bexesha
- Iincwadi, ukubonelela kunye nezixhobo, kuquka iikhomputha
- Izixhobo okanye iinkonzo ezifunekayo kubafundi abaneemfuno ezizodwa
Abazali banokwenza isicwangciso seminyaka engama-529 sokurhoxiswa ukuya kwixabiso elifunekayo ukukhawulela nayiphi na lezi zindleko ezinxulumene nentlawulo. Ukurhoxiswa nayiphi na enye injongo ngaphandle kweendleko zemfundo ezifanelekileyo eziphantsi kweentlawulo zeerhafu ezi-10 kunye nabazali kuyafuneka ukuba bahlawule irhafu yengeniso epheleleyo kwimbuyekezo.
Ukusebenzisa i-529 yokuKhutshwa koMsebenzi kwiMfundo yabucala
Ngaphantsi kwekhowudi yentlawulo ehlaziyiweyo, ngoku abazali banokurhoxisa ukuya ku-R10 000 ngonyaka ukwenzela ukuhlawula izifundo, iincwadi kunye nezinye iindleko ezifanelekileyo kwizikolo zangasese neziphakamileyo. Ezi ziquka zombini izikolo zezenkolo kunye neetrakta ezibhalisa abafundi bee-kindergarten nge-12 bakala.
Ezi zihoxiswayo zerhafu, nje kuphela xa zisetyenziselwa iindleko zemfundo ezifanelekileyo.
Umlinganiselo we-$ 10,000 wokuhoxiswa uhambelana ngokufanelekileyo kunye neendleko zonyaka zemfundo yabucala. Kwiminyaka yokufunda ka-2017-18, isifundo semfundo esizimeleyo esikolweni sabangasese saba ngu-10,302. Isikolo somfundi esikolweni sasisesekondari sasingama-5,000 amaxabiso angabizi ngaphaya kwesifundo semfundo esikolweni esiphakamileyo.
Ngaba Ufanele Usebenzise 529 Isicwangciso SeMali Sezikolo Ezizimeleyo?
Ekuboneni kokuqala, ukwandiswa kwezicwangciso zokurhoxiswa kwezicwangciso ze-529 kubonakala ngathi kunenzuzo ecacileyo. Kubazali, nangona kunjalo, umbuzo wukuthi kuyaqondakala ukuba kusetyenziswe iiplani ezingama-529 ukukhupha ezi ndleko. Impendulo ithintela kwizinto eziliqela, kubandakanywa ubuninzi obugcinwe kwi-asethi ye-plane engu-529, ingaba uhlawula imali yokufundela ngasese, ubuninzi obulindele ukuba iindleko zeekholeji zezingane zakho ziza kuba kunye noko uqhubeka ungongeza kwisicwangciso egameni labo.
Cinga, umzekelo, ukuba uvula i-akhawunti ye-529 kumntwana wakho ekuzalweni kwaye usebenzise umgaqo we-IRS wokulayisha. Lo mgaqo uvumela ukuba wenze umrhumo weminyaka emihlanu ngexesha elilodwa, ukuya kumda wokukhutshwa kwentela wonyaka wesipho . Isibonelelo sesipho sisebenza kwizipho zemali ozenzayo komnye umntu. Ngo-2018, ukukhutshwa ngonyaka ku-$ 15,000 ngomntwana ngamnye. Izibini ezitshatileyo ezifakela ngokubambisana zingaphinda ziphindwe kabini ukuya kwii-30,000 zama-ngamnye ngomntwana.
Ukuba unika i $ 150,000 phambili kwaye ufumana i-6 yeepesenti yokubuya ngonyaka, i-akhawunti iya kukhula ibe ngaphezu kwama-202,000 ngamawaka ngosuku lwesihlanu lokuzalwa komntwana wakho. Ngeli nqanaba, ubhalisa kwisikolo sangasese kwaye uyakwazi ukuqala ukwenza igalelo elitsha kwisicwangciso.
Ukuba uqhubeka nokukhupha umda wokukhutshwa wonyaka, iminikelo yakho iya kudlulela i-$ 10,000 yokurhoxisa kwimfundo yabucala. Yaye ukuba uqhubeka ufumana i-percentage ye-6 ye-average ye-annual return, isicwangciso sokulondoloza siya kuqhubeka sikhula.
Kodwa, lo mzekelo uthatha imeko engcono kakhulu. Kubazali abangakwazi ukuqala ukulayisha i-akhawunti, bafumane ukuqala emva kokulondoloza okanye bancedise kakuhle ngaphantsi komda wokukhutshwa kwentela wonyaka wesipho, ukurhoxisa i-10,000 000 ngonyaka kwisikolo sabucala ukuba bangashiye umntwana wabo mfutshane xa ixesha lokuhlawula iindleko zekholeji. Kwaye iikholeji, ngokuthelekisa, ixabisa kakhulu ngaphezu kweziko lokuqala okanye lekondari. Ngokwe-CollegeBoard, izinga eliqhelekileyo lokufundela i-univesithi yeminyaka emine li-$ 23,890 ngo-2018; landa kwi $ 32,410 kwiikholeji ezizimeleyo nakwiiyunivesithi.
Ukusebenzisa i-Coverdell ye-ESA njengoNgezelelweyo weMfundo yaBucala
Ukuba ungowomcingo ngokusebenzisa iiplani zokurhoxisa izicwangciso ze-529 kwisikolo sabucala, kukho enye inketho: iAkhawunti ye-Savings Education (ESA) ye- Coverdell . Ezi ngxelo zivumela nabazali ukuba basindise imfundo ephakamileyo kwindlela yokuhlawula irhafu, kodwa bangasetyenziselwa ukuhlawula iindleko ze-K-12.
Kukho ukungqinelana okubalulekileyo ukuba uqaphele ukuba ucinga i-Coverdell. Okokuqala, unokuba negalelo kuphela kwelinye lale akhawunti kumntwana wakho ade afinyelele kwiminyaka eyi-18. Akukho mingcipheko yobudala ngecebo le-529.
Okulandelayo, umyinge wonyaka wenkxaso kwi-Coverdell ESA ifakwe kwi $ 2,000 ngo-2018. Igalelo eliphambili lempilo kwisinye sezicwangciso i-$ 36,000. Ngokuthelekiswa, unako ukufaka isandla ngakumbi kwi-plan ye-529 ngonyaka, kwaye umda wokunikela ngempilo kwiiplani ezingama-529 unokufikelela kuma-$ 500,000, kuxhomekeke kwisicwangciso sendlela okhethayo.
Okwesithathu kwaye mhlawumbi kubaluleke kakhulu, awukwazi ukushiya imali kwi-akhawunti ye-Coverdell ngonaphakade. Ukuba umntwana wakho akayisebenzisi yonke imali yeemfundo zeprayimari, ezisekondari okanye zeekholeji ngeminyaka engama-30, nayiphi na ibhalansi eseleyo kufuneka isasazwe. Iifayile ze-IRS kwi-10 yepesenti yentlawulo yerhafu kunye nokuvavanya irhafu yengeniso eqhelekileyo ekusasazeni. Ngeplani ye-529, unokwenza nje ulandele i-akhawunti kumntu omtsha ozuzayo kwaye uqhubeke usindisa xa umntwana wakho egqityiwe kwiikholeji.
Into yokugqibela ukugcina engqondweni. Ukuba wenze isigqibo sokuthatha isicwangciso sakho se-529 kwiindleko ezizimeleyo zesikolo ungasebenzisa i- Roth IRA njenge-backup kwikholeji ukuba uyaphumelela. I-IRS ikhupha i-10 ekhulwini yezohlwayo zokuthoma kwexesha eliqhelekileyo ezidibanisa ne-IRA zangaphambili zokurhoxiswa xa zisetyenziselwa iindleko zemfundo ezifanelekileyo. Irhafu yengeniso rhoqo iya kusetyenziswa. Ukuqonda zonke iinketho zokulondoloza ikholeji kunokukunceda ukuba wenze isicwangciso esona siphumeleleyo sokubambisa uluhlu olupheleleyo lweendleko zemfundo.