Ukukhethwa kwe-Stock kuyongezeleleka ngokufanelekileyo kwiipotifoliyo zabanye batyalo-mali
Enye indlela yokuthenga isitoreji ngaphandle kokutshala imali epheleleyo yokuthenga kwindawo yokuthengisa kukusebenzisa iindlela zokuthengisa .
Ukuthenga i-stock options kukuvumela ukuba uphumelele ukuthenga kwakho kuninzi kunokwenzeka nakwii-stock exchange.
Izinketho zeStock zichazwe
Inketho yesitokethi inkontileka ekunika ilungelo, kodwa kungekhona uxanduva, ukuthenga okanye ukuthengisa ukulingana, ngokuqhelekileyo isitokethi esisodwa, kwinqanaba elithile. Izinketho zikhawulelwe ixesha, nangona imida iyahluka ngokubanzi. Ukuba awusebenziseli ilungelo lakho ngaphambi komhla wokuphelelwa yisikhathi, ukhetho lwakho luphelelwa yisikhathi kwaye ulahlekelwa ngumyinge wakho wotyalo-mali.
Izikhetho ze-Stock zingasetyenziselwa ukurhweba i-stock kwithuba elifutshane okanye ukutyalomali ixesha elide. Ekubeni zonke iinketho zikhethiweyo ixesha, nangona kunjalo, ezininzi iinketho zisetyenziswe ekusebenziseni isicwangciso- shishino sexesha elifutshane . Izinketho ze-Stock zifumaneka kwiintlobo ezininzi kwi-US, iYurophu ne-Asia. Qaphela ukuba ngokuphambene no-2: 1 umlinganiselo wokuthengiswa kwemida kwimarike yemasheya, ukhetho lokurhweba ngokuchanekileyo luqhakamshelisa utyalo-mali lwakho kumaxabiso aphezulu kakhulu.
Oku kukuvumela ukuba ulawule inani elikhulu lezinto kunye ne-investing encinci kuphela. Kwakhona kwandisa kakhulu ingozi.
Zininzi iintlobo zeentlobo zemvumelwano ezikhoyo. Oku kulandelayo ngumzekelo omnye usebenzisa i-out-of-money-option. Isicwangciso esilandelayo kubandakanya ukuthengisa izinto ezikhethiweyo kwisitokethi ngaphandle kokuba neengxenye eziphantsi.
Abaqalisi beentengiso kunye nabatyalomali abatsha abanako ukufikelela kulo mandla kwisicwangciso sabo sokuthengisa.
Ukuthengwa kweSitoreji usebenzisa iiPuts
Xa usebenzisa izikhetho ze-stock ukutyalomali kwisitokethi esithile, izizathu zokutshala imali kwiinketho zinokufana nokuthengwa kwe-stock. Xa isisitya esifanelekileyo sikhethwe, uhlobo olulodwa lwezinto ezikhethiweyo zorhwebo lwenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Thengisa enye kwimali ebekwe kuyo yonke iisabelo ze-stock
- Lindela intengo yesitokhwe ukunciphisa ukuya kwinqanaba lokukhetha ixabiso lentlawulo
- Ukuba iinketho zinikezelwe (ngokutshintshiselana), zithenga isitokisi esingaphantsi kwintengo yesiteleka
- Ukuba ukhetho alukwabiwe, gcina i-premium efunyenweyo malunga nokukhethwa kwezinto njengenzuzo
Izinzuzo zeNketho
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zokusebenzisa le nkqubo yokukhetha izitoko ukuthenga isitokethi.
- Xa kufakwa iinketho zithengiswa ekuqaleni, umthengisi ufumana ngokukhawuleza intlawulo yeendlela zokukhetha njengenzuzo. Ukuba ixabiso lentengo elingaphantsi linciphile kwixabiso lokukhethwa kwenkqutyana, umthengisi akaze athenge isitoreji kwaye agcine inzuzo kwizinto ezikhethiweyo.
- Ukuba ixabiso lentengo elisezantsi liyehliswa kwixabiso lokukhethwa kwamatyala, umthengisi angakwazi ukuthenga isitishi kwintengo yesiteyimu, kunokuba kuthengwe ixabiso lentengo ephezulu. Njengoko umthengisi ukhetha okukhetha iindlela zokuthengisa, unokukhetha ixabiso lesiteyibrari, ngoko ke unomlinganiselo othile wokulawula phezu kwentlawulo ahlawula ngayo isitokisi.
- Ngenxa yokuba umthengisi ufumana intlawulo yeendlela zokukhetha njengenzuzo, oku kunika isikhephe esincinci phakathi kwentengo yokuthenga yesitokhwe kunye nephulo lokuthengisa. Le ntlanzi ibonisa ukuba intengo yesitokhwe inomtshini omncinci phambi kokuhla kwexabiso kuphumela ekulahlekeni.
Isibonelo esibalulekileyo soRhwebo
Umtyalo- mali osisigxina esigxina ukutyalomali kwinkampani ye-XYZ. Isitoreji se-XYZ ngoku sithengisa nge $ 430, kwaye okukhethwa kukho okulandelayo kuyinyanga enye. Umtyalo-mali ufuna ukuthenga amasheya ayi-1 ye-XYZ, ngoko benze oku kukhethwa kwezokhetho zorhwebo:
Thengisa iinketho ezili-10 ezikhethiweyo (inkontileka nganye yokukhetha ixabiso elingu-100 izabelo), ngexabiso lentengo ye-$ 420, ngentengo ye-$ 7 nganye yeseshoni. Izinketho zokubeka zi "zize" ngenxa yokuba umtyalomali akakho okwangoku. Ixabiso elifunyenweyo kule shishini li-$ 7,000 (ibalwa kwi-7 x 100 x 10 = $ 7,000).
Umtyalo-mali ufumana i-$ 7,000 ngokukhawuleza kwaye uyigcina njengenzuzo.
Umtyalo-mali ulindela intengo ye-stock ye-XYZ ukunciphisa ukukhetha okukhethiweyo kwexabiso le-420. Ukuba intengo yesitokisi iyancipha ukuya kwi-420 yee-$, okukhethwa kukho okukhethiweyo kuya kusebenziswa, kwaye iindlela zokubeka ziyakunikwa ngokutshintshiselwa. Ukuba izithuba zokubeka zihanjisiwe, umtyalomali uza kuthengisa isitoreji se-XYZ kwi-$ 420 ngesabelo ngasinye, yintengo yesiteyuntwa ayeyikhethayo ekuqaleni xa kuthengisa ukubeka.
Ukuba ngaba iifayile zisebenzisiwe kwaye umtyalo-mali kufuneka athenge isitokisi esisezantsi, i-$ 7,000 efunyenwe ngenxa yokukhethwa kwezinto eziza kukwenza i-buffer encinci malunga nokutshala kwe-stock yayo ibe yilahleko. I-tampon iya kuba yi-$ 7 ngesabelo ngasinye (ibalwa njenge-7,000 / 1000 = $ 7). Oku kuthetha ukuba umtyalomali uza kuphula ixabiso lentengo ye-$ 413, ngaphandle koko, ukutsalwa kwe-stock kuba yilahleko.
Ukuba ixabiso le-stock ye-XYZ ayinciphelanga kwixabiso lokukhethwa kwamatyala angama-$ 420, okukhethiweyo okuyiyo ayiyi kusebenziswa, ngoko umtyalo-mali akayi kuthengwa isitokisi esisezantsi. Kunoko, utyalomali ugcina i-$ 7,000 yezigidi ezifunyenweyo ngenxa yokukhethwa kwezinto njengenzuzo.
Isiphelo
Izinketho zisebenzise ezinye ngaphandle kweli nqaku. Kwimimandla emininzi yotyalomali, kunokusengqiqweni ukutyalomali kwizinto ezikhethiweyo kunokuba usisitokisini esisezantsi. Kodwa ke, phawula ukuba inyaniso eyisiseko yokhetho lokurhweba, ukuba uhlawulela kakhulu utyalo-mali lwakho, ngokuqinisekileyo uthetha umngcipheko wokutshala imali ukhuliswa kakhulu.