IVenezuela Inomlando Omude Wokuhlawulwa Kwexesha
Kule nqaku, siza kujonga i-Venezuela eyabangela ukukhathazeka kwezoqoqosho kunye nokuba kutheni ilizwe liqhubeka lihlawula ityala layo elimeleyo .
Imbali yeNtlawulo yokuTyala
I-Venezuela inomlando omdala wokunikezela okubuyiselwa kwiindawo ezigqithisiweyo. Ngokutsho kweBloomberg, izibophelelo zelizwe zibuyisele i-517 pesenti kwiminyaka eyi-17 ukususela ngo-Hugo Chavez wangena kwi-ofisi kwaye wenza i-26% evelele namhlanje. Le ntsebenzo yenza iVenezuela enye yeemarike ezimanyanisekileyo ezenzayo kummandla, nangona ubuninzi beengxaki zezopolitiko nezentlalo ebhekene nazo.
Ubunkokheli buye uthi ukuhlawulwa kwetyala kukuyinto ehloniphekileyo yokwenza kwaye ugweme iintambo ezixhomekeke kwiibhenyile-out, i-bail-ins kunye nokungagqibekanga yi- International Monetary Fund (IMF) kunye neBhanki yehlabathi . Amazwe amaninzi aseLatin America ahlasele le mibutho ngenxa yeendlela ezidlulileyo eziye zaphathwa ngayo emhlabeni jikelele.
Emva koko, bahlala begxininisa kwiimilinganiselo zezobupolitika-nzima kunobunkokeli bezentlalo zembali.
Inkathazo eVenezuela
Inkathazo yezoqoqosho yaseVenezuela inzulu kakhulu emva kokufa kukaHugo Chavez. Emva kokuba uNicolas Maduro athathe igunya, wenza ngokukhawuleza ukuthulisa inkcaso ngokuzama ukuchitha iNdibano yesiZwe kunye nokuqhekeka phantsi kwembambano ezenzeka kulo lonke ilizwe.
Igosa likaGenerali uLuisa Ortega Diaz kunye noMphathiswa wezoKhuseleko u-Gen. Vladimir Padrino Lopez wahlala ethule ekuqaleni, kodwa sele sele ekhulisa ngakumbi.
Ngomhla ka-Juni 19, 2017, abalungiseleli baseMelika baseMelika baseMelika bahlangana ukuze bahlangane eMexico ukuze baxoxe ngeempendulo kwiimeko ezibuhlungu. Impendulo evela kubamelwane belizwe ingashenxisa ukuhamba kukaMaduro kumandla, kodwa uxolo lwenguqu luya kuxhomekeka kwindlela amajelo karhulumente kunye namagunya okukhusela azimisele ukuya kumgcina. Yaye, oko kuya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwi-Attorney General Diaz no-Gen. Lopez.
Okwangoku, ukuhla kwezoqoqosho kwelizwe kuye kwakhawuleza. Ukuwa kwe-2014 kwinqwelo engafutshane neoli kwathatha ingxaki eyadlukisayo njengoko ubukhokeli belizwe bavelisa iinxalenye ezinkulu zoqoqosho kwaye bakhupha ii-bolivars ezininzi kunye nokukhuthaza imali. Ngezigidi ezili-12 zeebhiliyoni ezishiywe kwiindawo ezikhuselekileyo zemali, eli lizwe lisondela ngokukhawuleza kwintlupheko apho kuya kukhangela imali ngokufanelekileyo ukuxhaswa ngeenkonzo ezisisiseko zabantu, mhlawumbi, ukuhlawulwa kwetyala.
Iingxaki zengxaki kwiCrisis
I-Venezuela ingabonakala ingxakeko enzima yemali enikwe ukungabikho kwemali enzima kwiindawo zokugcina iimali kunye neentlawulo zetyala ezizayo ezifunwa ngababolekisi, kodwa kukho izizathu ezininzi zelizwe ukuqhubeka nokuhlawula amatyala alo kunye nendlela yokugcina ukulahleka .
Isisombululo esona siphumelele kwiinkathazo siya kuba sisaphulelo samanani angamafutha angatyekanga, anokukhawuleza ukuguqula iimali zelizwe. Ngamaxabiso asele aqala ukufumana, inkokheli yelizwe ingalingeka ukuba ibambe ukukhusela impembelelo engagqibekanga. Emva kwakho konke, ukusilela kungancinisa imali yelizwe ngokunyusa amanyathelo omthetho avela kubabolekisi abanokuthi banqande ukukwazi ukuthumela amafutha angcolileyo kunye nokwenza imali.
I-Venezuela nayo inokuphucula imeko yayo yezemali ngokuphakamisa imali eyongezelelweyo ngemicimbi yabucala njengowokugqibela kunye neGoldman Sachs. Ibhanki yokutyalomali yokutsalwa imali ehlawulwe malunga neerandi eziyi-865 yezigidi zeebhanki ezi-2.8 zeebhondi ezikhutshwa yinkampani yeoli ye-Petroleos de Venezuela SA kunye noorhulumente. Le micimbi inokuba yinto ekhangayo kwiindawo ezithengileyo ezantsi namhlanje kwaye inike i-bridge-loan until the price of oil oil is recovered.
Ngaba Ufanele Utyalole?
Abatyalomali bamaziko bangazithengisa ngokuthe ngqo izibophelelo zeVenezuela, kodwa abatyali-mali ngabanye bangathanda ukucinga ngemali yokuthengiselana ngemali (ETFs). Ezi zimali zinika abatyali-mali ngeefotfoliyo ezahlukahlukeneyo kunezibophelelo kunokuba zibophelelwe ngabanye abachaphazelekayo kwilizwe-okanye nokuba neengxaki ezithile. Kakade ke, ukuphazamiseka kukuba le mali ayikuboneleli ngokuthe ngqo kwi-bhondi ethile okanye ilizwe.
I-ETF ezidumileyo eziphethe izibophelelo zaseVenezuela ziquka:
- iShares JPMorgan Iimali zeMarketing eziPhakamileyo ze-ETF (EMB)
- I-VanEck Vectors Iimakethe eziPhakamileyo eziPhakamileyo zeeNtlawulo ze-ETF (HYEM)
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula engqondweni ukuba iVenezuela inokuthi ihlelwe phantsi kwetyala layo. Enyanisweni, izivuno eziphezulu kunye namaxabiso aphantsi zibonisa ukuba imarike ibona ukungafihleki ngokukhawuleza ukuba kwenzeke. Abatyalomali kule mali bafumana ilahleko xa kukho oko kwenzeka, nangona ukungafani kwemali kuya kunciphisa umphumo.
Ngaphantsi
Inkathazo yezoqoqosho yaseVenezuela iye yaqhubeka yanda kakhulu ukususela ekufeni kukaHugo Chavez, kodwa ilizwe liyaqhubeka lihlawula amatyala alo. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokugxininisa kwelizwe ukubeka phambili ukubuyiswa kwetyala, kubandakanywa nokubuyiswa kwamanani amafutha angcolileyo kunye neengxaki ezichaphazelekayo. Abanini-zimali abanomdla wokufumana ukuxhamla banokukwenza lula ngokuthengiswa kwemarike- ekhutshwe ngemali- ntengiso .