Indlela iNationalist Policies Impact Investors International
Kule nqaku, siza kujonga iirhwebo ezintathu zentengiso abasetyenzisiweyo kubarhwebi, kubandakanya ezo zibandakanya iUnited States neBritani.
Isivumelwano seNtengiso yamaHlani saseNorth American (NAFTA)
Isivumelwano seNtengiso yamaNtla-ntla yaseMntla-Amerika-okanye i-NAFTA-isivumelwano sobudlelane samahhala phakathi kweKhanada, iMexico, ne-United States esungulwe ngo-1994. Uninzi lwezoqoqosho lugunyazisa ukuba i-NAFTA inomthelela omncinci omnatha eMelika, umnatha omkhulu ukusebenza eMexico , kunye nefuthe elingabalulekanga kwiCanada . Nangona kunjalo, izapolitiki eziliqela zityhola isivumelwano sokuthumela imisebenzi ngaphandle kwelinye ixabiso lentlawulo ephakathi.
UMongameli uTumpump ubize i-NAFTA "into ebalulekileyo yoshishino eye yavunyelwa [eUnited States]" kwaye ithembisa ukuba iphinda ixoxisane kwakhona ukuze iphule isivumelwano. Xa uphinda uxoxisana, ucebise ukuba afune iMexico ukuba aphelise irhafu ye-value-added kwiinkampani zase-US kwaye iphele inkqubo ye-maquiladora eyenza iinkampani zase-US zihambise ukusebenza kumda.
Inokuphinda iphumeze iirhafu zokubuyiswa kwamashishini asekhaya awonakaliswe yimveliso.
Inkqubo yokuphela kwe-NAFTA iya kuba nzima ngokusemthethweni. Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba umongameli unelungelo lokurhoxisa izivumelwano zorhwebo phantsi kweCandelo 125 loMthetho wezoRhwebo ka-1974, ngelixa ezinye zikhankanya uMthetho we-NAFTA wokuphunyezwa komthetho oza kufuna imvume yeCongress.
Ekubeni amaRiphabhliki amaninzi axhasa ukurhweba ngaphandle, akuqinisekanga ukuba iTrump ingafumana inkxaso eyaneleyo kwiCongress ukuze ixhase ngokupheleleyo.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, iMexico yayiya kubandezeleka kakhulu kunoma yikuphi ukuhoxiswa kwe-NAFTA. Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe banokufuna ukucwangcisa iipowfoliyo zabo malunga nale mngcipheko njengoko ulawulo lweTrump luqhubeka luya kutshintshela iinguqu kwi-NAFTA.
2. Intsebenziswano yeTransPacific (TPP)
Ubambiswano lweTransPacific (iTTP) isivumelwano somsebenzi phakathi kwe- Australia , iBrunei, eCanada, eChile, eJapan , eMalaysia, eMexico, eNew Zealand, ePeru, eSingapore, e-United States naseVietnam. Ngoxa uxwebhu olugqityiweyo lwasayinwe ngoFebhuwari 2016 phantsi kolawulo luka-Obama, uMongameli uTrump wathembisa ukurhoxisa kwisivumelwano malunga nomzila wephulo kwaye wasayina imemorandam yomongameli ukwenza oko ngoJanuwari 2017.
Amanye amazwe ali-11 abandakanyekayo ne-TPP avumile ukuvuselela le ntengiso ngaphandle kwe-United States ngoMeyi 2017. Ngokutsho kweBhanki yehlabathi, i-TPP inokuphakamisa umkhiqizo owenziwe kwilizwe elimalunga nama-1.1% kunye nokwandisa urhwebo ngama-11 ekhulwini 2030, kunye nokuphucula umvuzo wangempela ngemali ebalulekileyo. I-Vietnam, umzekelo, unokufumana umvuzo wangempela wabasebenzi abangaqeqeshiweyo abaphakama ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwe-14 ngo-2030 njengenguqu yokuvelisa kwilizwe.
Ukuhamba kweUnited States kwisivumelwano kuya kuba yinto engekho emngciphekweni wezoqoqosho lwasekhaya, kodwa ukuhambela ukuvuselela isivumelwano kuya kuba nethuba elihle kumanye amazwe achaphazelekayo. Abatyala-mali belizwe lonke kufuneka baqwalasele ezi phuculo xa bejonga utyalo-mali kula mazwe banikwe ithuba lokunyusa ukukhula koqoqosho, kunye nokuvuselela abathengi ngokusebenzisa imali yokunyuka kwemali.
3. Izivumelwano zeeRhwebo zaseHrithani
Isigqeba saseBrithani sokushiya i- European Union sathumela ama-shockwaves kwiimarike zezemali kwaye yathatha amaninzi ezoqoqosho kunye nabahlalutyi. Nangona kukho izilumkiso eziqatha, uqoqosho lwelizwe lwasekhaya aluzange luhlupheke kangako njengoko kulindeleke, kodwa kunokuba lube lubi kakhulu ukuza njengoko ilizwe lihamba ukuze lihambe kwindawo ekhoyo yoqoqosho. Ilizwe seliqalile ukuqulunqa izicwangciso zokumisa ukuhamba.
Njengengxenye yenkqubo, iBrithani iya kunyanzelwa ukuba iphinde ixoxisane ngezivumelwano zorhwebo neYurophu Yomanyano kunye namanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele. Ezi zivumelwano zingaba nefuthe elikhulu kumnotho welizwe njengoko zivakaliswe. Iingxoxo kunye ne-EU kulindeleke ukuba ziqale ngokukhawuleza ngoJuni 19, 2017 - okanye malunga nonyaka emva kovota ka-Juni 23, 2016 ' Brexit ' - kodwa izicwangciso ezigqityiweyo zingathabatha inyanga okanye ngaphezu konyaka ukuphuhlisa.
Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe bafanele bahlale bejongene nale ngxoxo, ngokukodwa banikwe ubuholi obutsha obuninzi buzwe kunoko-jikelele.
Ngaphantsi
Izivumelwano zorhwebo zamahhala ziye zafakwa engozini ngobunkokeli obutsha bobuzwe e-United States naseBrithani. Abatyalomali bamazwe ngamazwe banokufuna ukugcina iliso kwezi zivumelwano njengengozi kunye namathuba asemhlabeni jikelele.