Yiyiphi engcono kwiPortfolio yakho?
Ukuba ngaba abatyala-mali abanengqondo bafuna kuphela ukuthenga izabelo zamashishini aneenkcukacha ezihambelanayo zokwahlula ngokukhawuleza okanye kungcono ukuba inkampani ihlume yonke imivuzo yayo yabuyela kwinkampani yokwandisa ? Phola! Siza kujonga kule miba kunye nokunye, kukunika amandla ukunceda ukulawula iphothifoliyo yakho.
I-Historical Shift Ukusuka kwiCash Dividends
Kuyo yonke imbali yeemarike zentengo-mali, bonke abatyali-mali babonakala bekholelwa ukuba iinkampani zenziwa kuphela ngenxa yokuvelisa izabelo kubanikazi. Emva kwakho konke, utyalo-mali yinkqubo yokubeka imali namhlanje ukuze ivelise imali eninzi kuwe nakwintsapho yakho kwixesha elizayo; Ukukhula kwishishini akuthethi nto ngaphandle kokuba kubangele utshintsho kwiindlela zakho zokuphila okanye ngohlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo okanye ukuzimela kwemali. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kwakungenanto engavumelekiyo-u-Andrew Carnegie, umzekelo, wayehlala echukumisa iBhodi yabaLawuli ukuba agcine imali yokuhlawula imali ephantsi, endaweni yokubuyisela imali kwipropati, izityalo, izixhobo kunye nabasebenzi.
Ezinye iiproferensi zentsapho ezizimeleyo ezikufutshane ziye zaza zaza zatshatyalaliswa ngokusasazeka kwenkqubo yomvuzo . Ngokuqhelekileyo unabo abachaphazelekayo kwimini yemihla yoshishino ngakwesinye icala abafuna ukubona imali beya kukhula ngokuxhaswa ngemali, kwaye ngenye indlela, abo bafuna nje iireki ezininzi zibonise kwi-imeyile.
Kwiminyaka emashumi amva nje, ukuguquka okubalulekileyo kwimivuzo kuye kwaphuhliswa. Inxaxheba yecala yikhowudi yerhafu yase-US, ehlawulisa irhafu ye-15% kwiirhafu ezihlawulwe kubanini-zimali (phambi kolawulo lwe-Bush, eli rhafu liphezulu njengerhafu yokufumana ingeniso - ngamanye amaxesha angaphezu kwama-35% kwinqanaba lephondo kuphela) . Ukudibaniswa nokumiselwa komgaqo 10b-18, odluliselwe yiCongress ngo-1982, ukukhusela iinkampani ezivela kumatyala ngokokuqala ngqa, ukuthengwa okubanzi kunokwenziwa ngaphandle kokwesaba imiphumo yomthetho. Ngenxa yoko, ezininzi zeBhodi yabaPhathi benkcazo ephakamileyo zenze isigqibo sokubuyisela imali eninzi kubanini-zimali ngokuthenga ngentengiso kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwayo, okubangela ukuba izabelo ezincinci zibonelele kwaye zinike isabelo ngasinye esabelwe ipesenti ebunini kwishishini. Cinga ukuba ngowama-1969, umlinganiselo wokuhlawula umrhumo kuwo onke amaqela e-United States yayingu-55%. Ngo-Apreli 2000, umlinganiselo wokuhlawula umvuzo we-S & P 500 uthintela phantsi kwexesha lonke eli-25.3%, ngokutsho kwenguqu etshayiweyo ye-Intelligent Investor. Amanani amaninzi atshanje athetha ibali elicacileyo: Ngokwe-Standard and Poor's, ngo-2005, i-S & P 500 yenze iholo engenayo ye-$ 634 yezigidigidi kwaye ihlawulele imali yemali engama-201.84 yezigidigidi kwixabiso lemarike malunga ne-$ 11 trillion.
Uqikelelo olulodwa lukaLegg Mason lubonisa ukuba ukuthengwa kwesabelo sonyaka kufikelela kwii-250 ezigidigidi zamaRandi ezigidi, oku kubangela ukuba kubuyiselwe kubanini-zimali ezilinganiselwa kuma-451bhiliyoni, okanye i-71% yemali.
Iingenelelo ezimbini ezibini zokwabelana ngokubuyisela
Ukwabelana ngokuthengwa yindlela eyongezelelekileyo yentlawulo yokubuyisela inkunzi kubanini-zimpahla kuba akukho zerhafu ezongezelelweyo kwiintengo zokuthengwa nangona i-equ-interest yakho kwi-shishini iyanda, oko kubangele ukuba inzuzo eninzi kunye neengeniso zemali kwizabelo zakho nokuba i-sales totally or profits nga khulanga. Nangona kunjalo, kukho enye ingxaki enokuyichitha le miphumo, ukubuyisela ukuthengwa okubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuba isabelo sokuthengwa sagqitywa xa isitoreji senkampani sidluliweyo, abanini-mali banobungozi. Kungoku, okokuthi, kufana nokurhweba kwii-bhilile ze-1 ze-$ 0.75, ukutshabalalisa ixabiso.
- Ukuba ukhetho oluninzi lwezibonelelo okanye izibonelelo zenkxaso-mali zikhutshwa kubaqeshwa kunye nolawulo, ukuthengwa kuya kuthi, ngokufanelekileyo, kuthintele impembelelo yabo engafanelekanga kwiholo ngalinye . Inani langempela lezabelo ezikhoyo aliyi kunciphisa. Kule meko, ukwahlulwa kwesabelo nje nje kukuqhelisela ukutshintshela imali kubanini-zimali kulawulo.
Iintlobo eziMithathu eziPhambili kwiiCash Distidential
Kukho iingeniso ezintathu eziphambili kwiintengo zemali ezingenakufumaneka ngokuthengwa kwamashishini. Bazi:
- Iingqondo, izabelo zemali zingaba luncedo kakhulu kumnini-shareholder. Khawucinge nje, umzuzwana, utitshala wesikolo esethathe umhlalaphantsi ahlala endlwini edolophini ene-portfolio ye-$ 500,000. Ukuba wayetyalwe ngokupheleleyo kwiinkampani ezigcine zonke iimali zazo kunye / okanye isitokhwe esithengwayo, ukuhla kwexabiso lemali elide lokuthengisa i-20%, ukudala ukulahlekelwa kwephepha, kunokumkhathaza (akufuneki ukuba - ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluninzi funda njani Yabelana ngexabiso ). Ukuba wayeza kutyalo-mali kwimali yokuvelisa imali engenayo, uthe, 4%, ukulahleka okufanayo kungeke kumkhathaze ngenxa yokuba uya kududuza ngama-20,000 amaxabiso eemali ezafika kwi-imeyile yonyaka. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuhanjiswa kwenzuzo kuya kwenza ukuba, ngokuziwayo okanye kungenjalo, ukuba enze njengowesifazane weshishini ekufumaneni isigxina kumashishini abucala kunokuba ngummeli ngokuxhomekeke kwi-whims ze-market. Ngenxa yokubanda, i-greenbacks yamanzi kwisandla sakhe, unakho ukuhlawula iindleko zakhe ngelixa elinde ukungcola kwexeshana kaMnu.
- Isidingo sokugcina imali esaneleyo malunga nekota nganye ukusabalalisa iindleko kubanini-zimpahla zihlala zifuna ukuba iinkampani zigcine izakhiwo zengxowankulu ezikhuselekileyo, zikhumbuze ngokufanelekileyo ukuba zikhona ukuvelisa ubutyebi kubanini beshishini - kungekhona nje ukwenza ubukhosi babo bukhulu. Kwakhona kunqanda ukukhusela iholo ezinkulu zemali ezakhayo ezingenakunyakaziswa yi-CEO ene-adrenaline ingcinezelo esuka eWall Street ukuya "ukwenza into." Ngokuqhelekileyo, kubonakala ngathi isenzo esikhethiweyo kukutya okuthengayo, ukutshabalalisa isabelo-mali xabiso.
- Yonke into elinganayo, iifenithi ezihlawula igalelo zemali aziyi kuba namaxabiso amaninzi ekunciphiseni iimakethi zeebhere ngenxa yokuba isivuno sokwabiwa kwempahla siba ngumkhuseli wokukhusela. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba i-finance efanelekileyo, i-intanethi ibanjelwe ishishini ukwenzela ukuba isahlulo sinikezele i-15%, i-Wall Street iya kuqonda ukuxoxisana kunye nokwahlula izabelo. Ukuba imali ihleli kwi- balance sheet , abatyali-zimali babonakala bebanqikaza ukuba baxhamle kwaye baxhamle le meko kuba akukho uqinisekiso lolawulo oluza kubelwa ngokubaluleka.
IsiGqibo sokugqibela kwiMali-mali yeMali kunye noKwabiwa kwempahla
Iyiphi impendulo yokugqibela: yiyiphi enye ingcono, izabelo zemali okanye ukuthengwa kwamashishini? Njengemibuzo emininzi, impendulo imele, "kuya kuxhomekeka." Ukuba ungumtyalo-mali ofuna imali kwiindawo zokuhlala okanye ofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba wena, kunokuba ulawulo, unokubanika inzuzo engaphezulu, unokukhetha iintlawulo. Ukuba ngakolunye uhlangothi, unomdla ekufumaneni inkampani okholelwa ngokwenene inokuvelisa inzuzo enkulu ngokubuyisela kwi-shishini elingenayo imali ephezulu ngokulingana kunye nesikhatywayo, ungafuna inkampani ehlawulela izabelo. Kodwa uqaphele, kwaye uqaphele ukuba ekupheleni kosuku inkampani inokuphumelela ngokuqhelekileyo ukuba ezinye izinto zikhona, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kubalwa inani lezabelo. I-Starbucks, umzekelo, iye yabona ukwanda okwenziwe kwizabelo ezithe zagqitywa ngeli xesha liye lithengiswa ngorhwebo. Ezi zabelo ziye zagqugquzela abasebenzi ukuba bancedise ukwakha ishishini kwaye kubangele inzuzo enkulu kunye nokukhula kwabaphathi-mali bokuqala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, u - Wal -Mart , uhlale (uhlulwe uhlengahlengisiweyo) isabelo esilungeleleneyo sabelo kwaye kwiminyaka yamuva iyancipha inani lezabelo ezibalaseleyo ngelixa lifumana ukukhula okuphezulu kunye nokuhlawula imali-mali. kwimbali yaseWall Street.
Kungenzeka ukuba, imodeli ye-hybrid iya kukhethwa ngabalawuli, njenge- Home Depot ; Inkqubo yokuphucula ekhaya ibuyele ngaphaya kwe-65% yenzuzo kubanini-nxaxheba kwiminyaka yakutshanje ngokudibanisa nokuthengwa kwamashishini kunye nokuhlawula imali. Ngethuba elifanayo, ukwandisa isiseko sayo sokugcina kunye nokufumana amashishini kwicandelo lobonelelo loshishino.