Imiba ye-USDA yenyanga yeengxelo zezolimo
Ngenyanga nganye iSebe lezoLimo laseUnited States (USDA) likhupha ukunikezelwa kwengxelo yezolimo kunye neendleko zokulinganiswa kwemfuno (WADSE). Ingxelo ivame ukuvuselela ukungazinzi kwiimarike eziza ku-USDA.
Iqumrhu lezoLimo lwezoLimo liyakhathalela kwiMozulu
Xa kuziwa kwizinto eziphathekayo, icandelo lezolimo ludla ngokukhathazeka kakhulu kwimozulu. Unyaka ngamnye izityalo ziyimvelaphi yokulima umhlaba, ukuchumisa kunye nokuhluma-ke kukuya kuMama woMmandla ukubonelela izimo ezikhokelela kwizilimo eziphumelelayo.
Izityalo zikhula emhlabeni jikelele. Nangona iUnited States ngumlimi omkhulu kunazo zonke kunye nomthengisi wezimbi kunye neesoya , ezi zivuno zikhula kwamanye amazwe ngokunjalo.
Xa kuziwa ngqolowa , i-US ayinamandla kunokuba imveliso yengqolowa ivela eYurophu, e-Australia, nakweminye imimandla. Izinto ezininzi ezinotshani ezinjengeeshukela, i-cocoa kunye nekhofi zidinga iimeko ezithile zemozulu. Ezi zityalo zivame ukukhula kwiindawo ezifudumalayo, ezifudumeleyo. Ingongoma kukuba zonke ezi zinto zithengiswayo kwaye oko, amaxabiso abo ajikeleza ngokusekelwe kwinkqubela yezityalo ngokusebenzisa izilingo kunye neembandezelo zezijikelezo zabo zezityalo.
Ngaloo ndlela, abathengi, abavelisi kunye nabarhwebi bahlawula ingqwalasela enkulu kwiimozulu zemozulu kwimimandla ekhulayo kwakunye nenkqubela phambili yezityalo ukwenzela ukubeka iliso kwinqanaba lexabiso kunye nokungazinzi. Izifo ezifana nefungus kunye neminye imiba yezityalo, ezinokutshintsha izivuno zokuvuna, nazo zichaphazela inkqubela phambili kwezityalo zezolimo kunye namanani entengo.
Ukubeka iliso kwixabiso kunye nohlalutyo lobuchwephesha kunye nolwasemthethweni
Ukuze ubeke iliso kwixabiso lemveliso yezolimo, abathathi-nxaxheba beemarike baqhuba uhlalutyo lobugcisa kunye nolwasezantsi. Uhlalutyo lobugcisa lugxila kwiipatheni zamanani kunye nexabiso kunye nokukhula kwamaxabiso ezayo kwiikhathi zamanani.
Uhlalutyo oluphambili luhlolisiso lwe-grranular supply and data data. Xa kuziwa kwimveliso yezolimo, inkqubela phambili yezityalo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yohlalutyo oluphambili. Iingxelo ezikhutshwe yi-USDA zingaba luncedo kakhulu kubaxhamli bemarike kwicandelo lezolimo.
IiNgxelo ze-USDA
Iingxelo ze-USDA zibandakanya yonke imarike yemveliso yezolimo. Iingxelo ze-USDA zibaluleke kakhulu kubachaphazelekayo bathengisa ukuba abahlalutyi bazama ukuqikelela i-USDA idatha kwangaphambili kweengxelo. Xa i-USDA ikhupha 'iingxelo zeenkozo kunye nezinye iimarike zeemveliso zezolimo zithatha ukuhamba ngokusekelwe kwidatha. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa xa idatha ekhutshiwe ihluke ekuvunyelaneni kwemilinganiselo yokuhlalutya.
Iingxelo ze-USDA kwiibalini ziquka ingqolowa, ingqolowa, i-soybean kunye nabanye. Baphinda babike ngemfuyo-iinkomo kunye neengxowa, ikotoni, iswekile, uboya, iimveliso zobisi, i-broiler hatchery, ilayisi, izityalo ezikhethekileyo, iinkukhu, iinkukhu, i-turkeys, i-oranges, iifatata kunye neminye imveliso yezolimo.
Igosa leengxelo liphantse malunga nosuku, kunzima ukufumana usuku xa i-arhente ayinayo ingxelo ephumayo. Nangona kunjalo, ingxelo ekulindeleke kakhulu kukuba ingxelo yenyanga ye-WASDE.
Le ngxelo ingaphepheli kuphela umveliso wezolimo kwi-United States kodwa kwihlabathi jikelele.
U-WAOB Ukhonza njengeNgcaciso yeCandelo loBuchule bezoQoqosho
Ngokutsho kwewebhusayithi ye-USDA, "I-World World Outlook Board (WAOB) isebenza njengengqwalasela engundoqo kwezobuchule bezoqoqosho kunye nemveliso yezolimo kwi-US kunye nezolimo zehlabathi. IBhodi ilungelelanisa, ibukeze kwaye ivume ingxelo ye-World Supply and Demand Report, Izindlu ze-OCE zoLimo lwezoLimo lwezoLimo, kwaye idibanisa iForama ye-USDA ye-Outlook Forum ".
I-USDA ikhupha ingxelo yayo ebalulekileyo yenyanga yenyanga ye-WASDE, ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-12 kwinyanga nganye ngenyanga ye-Eastern Standard Time. Ngenyanga nganye ngexesha lokukhutshwa kweengxelo ze-WASDE, abathathi-nxaxheba bemarike bezolimo bayabamba umoya; Bonke bayazi ukuba idatha ekhutshweyo isoloko ibangela ukuba kubekho ukungazinzi okukhulu kwiimarike.
Nabani na oorhwebo okanye utyalo-mali kwiimarike zemveliso yezolimo kufuneka agcine isohlo kwiingxelo ze-USDA ukwenzela ukuba ilandele indawo eguquguqukayo yolu hlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo. I-USDA inayo inqanaba leenkqubo kunye neenkonzo kwiimarike zezolimo. I-USDA yi-arhente yokuya kubeka iliso kwimeko yezolimo e-United States nakwihlabathi jikelele.
Ukuhlaziywa kwiingxelo ze-WASDE
Amaxabiso ezolimo sele asetyenziswe kwimarike yebhere ngenxa yesomiso ka-2012. Ixabiso liye lawa phantse yonke imveliso yezolimo njengoko iphakamileyo ngo-2011 nangonyaka ka-2012. Ekupheleni kuka-2015, amaxabiso weesybeya kunye nengqolowa yayingaphantsi kwesigamu samaxabiso Baye bathengisa ngo-2012. Amanani azo zonke iilizo kunye nezinye iimveliso zezolimo ziye zancipha ngenxa yeminyaka emithathu eqondekileyo yezivuno. Ukubonelela kunye ne-inventories zanele ngokwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zehlabathi.
Okwangoku, uluntu luqhubeka lukhula. Ngo-1960, bekukho abantu abayi-3 bhiliyoni emhlabeni, namhlanje kukho malunga nama-7.4 billion. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho imilomo emininzi yokutya kwaye idinga ukutya okungaphezulu. Ngexesha elifanayo, kukho umlinganiselo ogqityiweyo womhlaba ohlazileyo apho kufuneka ukhule khona izityalo kunye namanzi ezo zityalo ziye zaba nzima.
Imiphumo yabemi yokukhula koluntu yatshintshile ukubonelela okusemgangathweni kunye nokufuna ukulingana kwamanani kunye nezinye izinto zokulima. Kwiminyaka apho kukho izityalo ezinobunzima, ukubonelela ngokuqhubekayo kuyahlangabezana neemfuno.
Nangona kunjalo, xa izivuno zezityalo zomhlaba zivela ngenxa yeziganeko zemozulu okanye izifo zesityalo, ukunyuka kwamanani kuya kwenzeka kwaye kuya kuba nzima kunokuba kudlulileyo ngenxa yokunyuka kwemvelo kwindleko ngenxa yokukhula kwabemi. Ngaphezu koko, i-El Nino enamandla kakhulu ukususela ngo-1997 kwaye i-La Nina inokuthi ibe ngowama-2016 inokuchaphazela ukuveliswa kwesityalo kwiinyanga ezizayo ngenxa yezenzakalo zemozulu.
Ngoko ke, ukujonga ingxelo ye-WASDE yenyanga nganye ekhutshwe yi-USDA ibe yinto ebalulekileyo kubo bonke abathengisi kunye nabatyalomali. Ezi ngxelo zinokunika izikhokelo malunga neenguqu kwiinkcukacha zokubonelela kunye neemfuno zeemarike zezolimo zehlabathi.