Ngethuba lokubusika linika indlela yokuhluma abalimi ukulungiselela ukulima nokutshiza i-acreage yabo yokulungiselela imbewu. Baye bathambekele kwizityalo ezikhulayo entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, ekugqibeleni zivuna i-grains ekuwa. Umjikelezo wezityalo uyaziphinda ngonyaka. Ewe, uMama Wendalo udlala indima; Imozulu ekugqibeleni iyalela ukuba impumelelo okanye ukungaphumeleli kwesityalo ngasinye.
Ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari okanye ekuqaleni kukaMatshi ngamnye ngonyaka, abalimi base-US benza iingqondo zabo malunga nokuba yiyiphi isivuno esiya kuhlwayelwa kwi-acreage-corn or soybeans. Abafaki imali; Ngokuqhelekileyo basebenzisa idatha yokubhala ukuze benze esi sigqibo esibalulekileyo. Ukuze wenze isigqibo esisisilumko, abalimi babhekisela kwixabiso elitsha lezityalo zesoyibe kunye nommbila. Xa ukuqonda izijikelezo zezityalo kukho izityalo ezimbini, isityalo esidala kunye nesityalo esitsha. Isityalo esidala sithetha izityalo ezihlala kwi-inventory okanye ezo zikhula. Kwixesha lemarike yexesha elizayo, iinyanga ezisezantsi ezithunyelwayo kubandakanywa ngoMashi, ngoMeyi, ngoJuni, ngoJulayi, ngoAgasti noSeptemba ziinyanga ezindala zezityalo.
Inyanga yesityalo esitsha kwi-soybean ngoNovemba, kuba ingqolowa nguDisemba. Ngako oko, abalimi baya kuhlalutya isityalo esitsha kwixesha elizayo le-soybean lentengo ngokuchasene nesityalo esitsha sonyaka ka-December. Ukuthelekiswa kwezi xabiso ezimbini kuya kunceda umfama ukuba aqonde ukuba yeyiphi isityalo esiza kubonelela ngeyona ndlela yonyusa yezoqoqosho.
Iintsapho ngabantu abashishini. Bazama ukulungiselela nganye i-acre yomhlaba abanayo okanye yokuqeshisa. Injongo yabo kukutshala izityalo kwi-ekre nganye eyenza inzuzo ephezulu. Esinye sezixhobo abalimi abasisebenzisayo ukuseka ixabiso elixhomekeke kwixabiso elide elide phakathi kwezi zimbini. Umyinge we-corn-soybean umane nje inani leebhasi zexabiso lesilima kwibhasi nganye yexabiso le-soya.
Ishati nganye yenyanga ye-corn-soybean isasazela ukuba xa ukusasazeka ngaphezu kwe-2.4: 1 ii-soybean zixhomekeke kwizityalo eziziindleko. Ngako oko, abalimi bavame ukutshala ii-soybean ezininzi njengoko ezo zivuno ziza kunika inzuzo enkulu. Xa ukusabalala kungezantsi kwe-2.2: 1 ingqolowa ixabiso elidumileyo kwizityalo zesoya. Ngelo xesha, abalimi bathambe ukutshala ingqolowa enkulu njengengqolowa yintsimi eya kuvelisa inzuzo. Ukujonga emva kwimihla yakutshanje kubonisa indlela lo buhlobo busebenza ngayo.
Ngonyaka ka-2012, i-US yabandezeleka ngenxa yesomiso esibi; ezininzi izityalo zatshatyalaliswa okanye zingakwazi ukukhula phantsi kweemeko ezimeleyo. Xa kufika ixesha lokuvuna, ukusweleka kwabangela ukuba ixabiso lazo zonke iinkozo zihambe ngokukhawuleza. Nangona zonke iintengo zeenkozo zixabiswa, ukunyuka okubanjwe kwimarike yengqolowa kuthumela iimveliso zezolimo kwixesha elitsha eliphezulu eliphantse elingama $ 8.50 ngebhasi ngo-Agasti 2012.
Xa kufika ixesha lokutshala kwexesha ngo-2013, umlinganiselo we-corn-soybean wawuphantsi kwe-2.2: 1; Enyanisweni, bekuphantsi kwe-2: 1. Ummbila wawubiza ngaphezu kweesoya kunye nabalimi batyala ingqolowa enkulu ngo-2013. Oku kwadala ukunqongophala kwama-soyyliya kunyaka olandelayo, kwaye umlinganiselo wanyuswa ngaphezu kwe-3: 1 njengokuba ukungahambi kwabangela ukuba i-soya ixabiseke. Ngo-2014, abalimi batyala i-soybean ngaphezulu kwaye ulungelelwaniso luye lwahlelwa kwakhona ukuya kumazinga aqhelekileyo ngokomlando.
Njengoko ndibhalela, sisekuqaleni kukaMatshi 2015. Abanye abalimi baphinde benze isigqibo sabo sonyaka - ingqolowa okanye i-soybean. Ishadi lemihla ngemihla yesityalo esitsha kwi-soybeans kaNovemba ngokubhekiselele kwiNgqolowa yokusabalalisa ingqolowa kwidatha abalimi abakhangayo. Njengoko isatshati ibonisa, isantya esitsha se-corn-soybean ratio okanye sisasazeka ngokuthengiswa ngo-2.3867: 1 njengomhla wale niselo ecacileyo yamanani emakethi.
Le nqanaba yayingaphakathi kwexesha elide lexesha elide. Oku kusixelela ukuba ngelixa amafama angama-2014 atyala ii-soybean ezininzi ukuba zibe yingqolowa ngenxa yexabiso elixabisekileyo, okufanayo akuyi kwenzeka ngo-2015. Abalimi baya kuhlwayelwa isityalo esona sincinci ngo-2015 kunokuba benza ngo-2014.
Ixesha lokulima lowezi-2017
Ngo-Matshi 2017 ekuqaleni kwonyaka wesityalo, umlinganiselo we-corn-soybean okanye ulwalamano lwamaxabiso phakathi kwamafutha kunye nenkozo kumaxabiso eenyoyiya zikaNovemba ezahlula ngo-Disemba ngumbona wema kwi-2.6: 1 inqanaba lokwenza i-soyibhile isityalo esilixabisekileyo ngakumbi . Ngako oko, mhlawumbi umlimi uya kukuthanda ukutshala iiembotyi ngaphezu kwenkomo ezinokubangela ukuncipha kwezinto zokutya zegesi kwixesha elizayo, ezinokuthi zixhase intengo yengqolowa.
Ukusabalalisa i-corn-soybean kuyisisityebi esibalulekileyo esasetyenziswa ngamafama kunye nabarhwebi ukuseka ixabiso elilinganayo phakathi kweesibini zombini. Oku kusasazeka kwemveliso kunokubonelela ngezikhokelo malunga nokulandelelaniswa kwenkqolozo nganye ngezihlandlo.